Hundreds of ultra-Orthodox Jews on Monday protested the arrest of a community member who refused to enlist in the military.
Dozens of protesters partially blocked a main street in in Bnei Brak, central Israel.
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's coalition has been feuding over whether to continue granting exemptions from military service to ultra-Orthodox religious men.
Netanyahu's religious coalition partners have demanded that the government extend the military exemptions. But rival parties have threatened to bolt the coalition over the issue, raising the possibility of early elections.
Netanyahu reached a compromise with a key religious partner at a late-night meeting on Sunday, appearing to defuse the crisis. But a junior coalition partner, Yisrael Beitenu, said on Monday it would not support the compromise.
Military service for ultra-Orthodox men is one of the most fraught topics in Israel and looked to undermine Netanyahu's coalition government, which has 66 out of the 120 lawmakers.
The political crisis comes as Netanyahu is battling a series of corruption allegations.