Germany hopes Britain can remain in the European Union (EU), as the country’s head of state and many political analysts have called.

During a joint press conference after the talks with Slovakian Prime Minister Robert Fico a week ago in Berlin, the German Chancellor Angela Merkel said: “All aspects of the EU’s domestic market, and the benefits shared by all EU members, will no longer be available for Britain if it votes to leave. All forms of negotiations conducted by the EU, which is on behalf of all its 28 members will become the negotiations between the 27 members and a third party. I can hardly imagine what benefit would come out of this.”

Describing Britain as “a powerful partner and ally” to Germany in the EU, Tanja Boerzel, a professor with the school of politics of the Free University of Berlin, said that possible Brexit will disintegrate the EU, a scenario Germany does not want to witness, especially at a time when the EU is struggling with economic and political challenges.

"Britain’s referendum can’t be taken out of the context of what is happening in Europe, or even in the whole world. It is in relation to the fear of globalization. People worry about declining social status, living standards and cultural identification. However, these are the challenges that can’t be avoided in globalization, and the integration of Europe has been widely regarded as part of globalization," said Boerzel.

If Britain leaves the bloc, Germany will become the biggest victim of it, according to Boerzel.

"Southern European countries led by France stress on government’s interference to market, while German and Britain pursue free market. If Britain leaves the EU, Germany will lose an important partner in terms of economic perspectives and policies on national budget and expenditure. Compared with France, Germany shares more consensuses with Britain when it comes to economic policies," she said.

Some experts predicted that the UK would continue its membership in the European Economic Area (EEA) to continue its free trading with other EU members if it leaves the bloc. Boerzel, however, said the move is actually not the best option for the UK.

"The current problem is that how can the British government convince its people that it is a wise decision to stay inside the domestic market by accessing into the EEA after Brexit. However, that means Britain must join the Schengen area and must follow a lot more rules than the existing ones in domestic market, in other words, the excuses and reasons Britain has used to back up Brexit will eventually lead to heavier burden for Britain in the future," said Boerzel.

A public opinion poll conducted in Germany has shown that 58 percent of the German citizens who took part in the poll voted against Brexit, while only seven percent of the participants voted in favor.

Germany hopes Britain can remain in the European Union (EU), as the country’s head of state and many political analysts have called.

During a joint press conference after the talks with Slovakian Prime Minister Robert Fico a week ago in Berlin, the German Chancellor Angela Merkel said: “All aspects of the EU’s domestic market, and the benefits shared by all EU members, will no longer be available for Britain if it votes to leave. All forms of negotiations conducted by the EU, which is on behalf of all its 28 members will become the negotiations between the 27 members and a third party. I can hardly imagine what benefit would come out of this.”

Describing Britain as “a powerful partner and ally” to Germany in the EU, Tanja Boerzel, a professor with the school of politics of the Free University of Berlin, said that possible Brexit will disintegrate the EU, a scenario Germany does not want to witness, especially at a time when the EU is struggling with economic and political challenges.

"Britain’s referendum can’t be taken out of the context of what is happening in Europe, or even in the whole world. It is in relation to the fear of globalization. People worry about declining social status, living standards and cultural identification. However, these are the challenges that can’t be avoided in globalization, and the integration of Europe has been widely regarded as part of globalization," said Boerzel.

If Britain leaves the bloc, Germany will become the biggest victim of it, according to Boerzel.

"Southern European countries led by France stress on government’s interference to market, while German and Britain pursue free market. If Britain leaves the EU, Germany will lose an important partner in terms of economic perspectives and policies on national budget and expenditure. Compared with France, Germany shares more consensuses with Britain when it comes to economic policies," she said.

Some experts predicted that the UK would continue its membership in the European Economic Area (EEA) to continue its free trading with other EU members if it leaves the bloc. Boerzel, however, said the move is actually not the best option for the UK.

"The current problem is that how can the British government convince its people that it is a wise decision to stay inside the domestic market by accessing into the EEA after Brexit. However, that means Britain must join the Schengen area and must follow a lot more rules than the existing ones in domestic market, in other words, the excuses and reasons Britain has used to back up Brexit will eventually lead to heavier burden for Britain in the future," said Boerzel.

A public opinion poll conducted in Germany has shown that 58 percent of the German citizens who took part in the poll voted against Brexit, while only seven percent of the participants voted in favor.

Germany hopes Britain can remain in the European Union (EU), as the country’s head of state and many political analysts have called.

During a joint press conference after the talks with Slovakian Prime Minister Robert Fico a week ago in Berlin, the German Chancellor Angela Merkel said: “All aspects of the EU’s domestic market, and the benefits shared by all EU members, will no longer be available for Britain if it votes to leave. All forms of negotiations conducted by the EU, which is on behalf of all its 28 members will become the negotiations between the 27 members and a third party. I can hardly imagine what benefit would come out of this.”

Describing Britain as “a powerful partner and ally” to Germany in the EU, Tanja Boerzel, a professor with the school of politics of the Free University of Berlin, said that possible Brexit will disintegrate the EU, a scenario Germany does not want to witness, especially at a time when the EU is struggling with economic and political challenges.

"Britain’s referendum can’t be taken out of the context of what is happening in Europe, or even in the whole world. It is in relation to the fear of globalization. People worry about declining social status, living standards and cultural identification. However, these are the challenges that can’t be avoided in globalization, and the integration of Europe has been widely regarded as part of globalization," said Boerzel.

If Britain leaves the bloc, Germany will become the biggest victim of it, according to Boerzel.

"Southern European countries led by France stress on government’s interference to market, while German and Britain pursue free market. If Britain leaves the EU, Germany will lose an important partner in terms of economic perspectives and policies on national budget and expenditure. Compared with France, Germany shares more consensuses with Britain when it comes to economic policies," she said.

Some experts predicted that the UK would continue its membership in the European Economic Area (EEA) to continue its free trading with other EU members if it leaves the bloc. Boerzel, however, said the move is actually not the best option for the UK.

"The current problem is that how can the British government convince its people that it is a wise decision to stay inside the domestic market by accessing into the EEA after Brexit. However, that means Britain must join the Schengen area and must follow a lot more rules than the existing ones in domestic market, in other words, the excuses and reasons Britain has used to back up Brexit will eventually lead to heavier burden for Britain in the future," said Boerzel.

A public opinion poll conducted in Germany has shown that 58 percent of the German citizens who took part in the poll voted against Brexit, while only seven percent of the participants voted in favor.

Germany hopes Britain can remain in the European Union (EU), as the country’s head of state and many political analysts have called.

During a joint press conference after the talks with Slovakian Prime Minister Robert Fico a week ago in Berlin, the German Chancellor Angela Merkel said: “All aspects of the EU’s domestic market, and the benefits shared by all EU members, will no longer be available for Britain if it votes to leave. All forms of negotiations conducted by the EU, which is on behalf of all its 28 members will become the negotiations between the 27 members and a third party. I can hardly imagine what benefit would come out of this.”

Describing Britain as “a powerful partner and ally” to Germany in the EU, Tanja Boerzel, a professor with the school of politics of the Free University of Berlin, said that possible Brexit will disintegrate the EU, a scenario Germany does not want to witness, especially at a time when the EU is struggling with economic and political challenges.

"Britain’s referendum can’t be taken out of the context of what is happening in Europe, or even in the whole world. It is in relation to the fear of globalization. People worry about declining social status, living standards and cultural identification. However, these are the challenges that can’t be avoided in globalization, and the integration of Europe has been widely regarded as part of globalization," said Boerzel.

If Britain leaves the bloc, Germany will become the biggest victim of it, according to Boerzel.

"Southern European countries led by France stress on government’s interference to market, while German and Britain pursue free market. If Britain leaves the EU, Germany will lose an important partner in terms of economic perspectives and policies on national budget and expenditure. Compared with France, Germany shares more consensuses with Britain when it comes to economic policies," she said.

Some experts predicted that the UK would continue its membership in the European Economic Area (EEA) to continue its free trading with other EU members if it leaves the bloc. Boerzel, however, said the move is actually not the best option for the UK.

"The current problem is that how can the British government convince its people that it is a wise decision to stay inside the domestic market by accessing into the EEA after Brexit. However, that means Britain must join the Schengen area and must follow a lot more rules than the existing ones in domestic market, in other words, the excuses and reasons Britain has used to back up Brexit will eventually lead to heavier burden for Britain in the future," said Boerzel.

A public opinion poll conducted in Germany has shown that 58 percent of the German citizens who took part in the poll voted against Brexit, while only seven percent of the participants voted in favor.

Berlin, Germany - June 16, 2016

1. German Chancellor Angela Merkel, Slovakian Prime Minister Robert Fico at joint press conference

2. SOUNDBITE (German) Angela Merkel, German Chancellor:

"All aspects of the EU’s domestic market, and the benefits shared by all EU members, will no longer be available for Britain if it votes to leave. All forms of negotiations conducted by the EU, which is on behalf of all its 28 members will become the negotiations between the 27 members and a third party. I can hardly imagine what benefit would come out of this.”

Berlin, Germany - June 22, 2016

3. Various of German, EU flags

4. SOUNDBITE (German) Tanja Boerzel, professor, school of politics, Free University of Berlin:

"Britain’s referendum can’t be taken out of the context of what is happening in Europe, or even in the whole world. It is in relation to the fear of globalization. People worry about declining social status, living standards and cultural identification. However, these are the challenges that can’t be avoided in globalization, and the integration of Europe has been widely regarded as part of globalization."

London, UK - June 15, 2016

5. Various of Brexit supporters campaigning on the Thames

Berlin, Germany - June 22, 2016

6. SOUNDBITE (German) Tanja Boerzel, professor, school of politics, Free University of Berlin:

"Southern European countries led by France stress on government’s interference to market, while German and Britain pursue free market. If Britain leaves the EU, Germany will lose an important partner in terms of economic perspectives and policies on national budget and expenditure. Compared with France, Germany shares more consensuses with Britain when it comes to economic policies."

London, UK - June 15, 2016

7. Various of Brexit supporters campaigning on the Thames

Berlin, Germany - June 22, 2016

8. SOUNDBITE (German) Tanja Boerzel, professor, school of politics, Free University of Berlin:

"The current problem is that how can the British government convince its people that it is a wise decision to stay inside the domestic market by accessing into the EEA after Brexit. However, that means Britain must join the Schengen area and must follow a lot more rules than the existing ones in domestic market, in other words, the excuses and reasons Britain has used to back up Brexit will eventually lead to heavier burden for Britain in the future."

London, UK - June 15, 2016

9. Various of people demonstrating over bridge

London's River Thames became a battleground on Wednesday, when armadas from the 'Leave' and 'Remain' camps of the EU referendum campaigns clashed in front of the Houses of Parliament.

As dozens of boats gathered, both sides hurled insults at each other as startled politicians watched from the terraces of the parliament buildings.

Nigel Farage, the leader of UKIP, Britain's anti-EU political party, led a flotilla of 30 fishing boats from Ramsgate along the river as part of his call for Britain to take back control of fishing around the British coast.

"We are much better off out of the European Union. We will get our 200-mile fishing limit back. The Spanish are making a fortune out of our fish, and that is not right. We want that work for the North East of Scotland; it is very important," said David Coburn, a UKIP Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for Scotland.

As the convoy reached the Tower Bridge, they were greeted by a rival flotilla from the Remain campaign, led by rock musician and campaigner Sir Bob Geldof who backs staying in Europe. Geldorf shouted at Farage he was "no fisherman's friend" as the two traded insults across the waves.

Campaigners fired water hoses as boats circled each other, while Metropolitan Police boats intervened to keep both sides at safe distances.

The flotilla arrived just as David Cameron was delivering his final Prime Minister's Questions time in the House of Commons ahead of the June 23 referendum to decide if Britain should stay in the EU or leave.

Most of the questions fired at Cameron, from all sides of the chamber, were from Remain supporters.

Chancellor of the Exchequer George Osborne provoked anger, including a threatened rebellion from 57 of his own Conservative colleagues, when he announced an emergency budget in the event of a Brexit win in just eight days.

Osborne said that there would be a 30-billion-pound (42.5 billion U.S. dollar) cut in public spending to tackle a black hole in the economy, with the possibility of a 2-pence rise in the basic rate of income tax and a 3-pence rise in the higher tax rate.

Spending on police, transport, and local government could also be cut by five percent, warned the Chancellor.

Several polls released Tuesday showed the Leave campaign ahead of the Remain campaign by around seven percent, and Britain's best-selling newspaper, The Sun, came out in favor of Brexit. As for whether to leave the EU, different people have different views.

"If the so-called Brexit people win, there will be a legacy of very right-wing populist politics in this country which I think we have seen emerge during this campaign. It is not the sort of Britain I would like to see, and they are not the sort of people I would like to see running the country," said Harvey Morris, a former journalist for Financial Times.

"The EU Commission is unelected. They initiate the laws that come out of the EU and there is a question of where their direction comes from. I do not think that is clear or obvious, and it is just not democratic," said James, a London resident.

London's River Thames became a battleground on Wednesday, when armadas from the 'Leave' and 'Remain' camps of the EU referendum campaigns clashed in front of the Houses of Parliament.

As dozens of boats gathered, both sides hurled insults at each other as startled politicians watched from the terraces of the parliament buildings.

Nigel Farage, the leader of UKIP, Britain's anti-EU political party, led a flotilla of 30 fishing boats from Ramsgate along the river as part of his call for Britain to take back control of fishing around the British coast.

"We are much better off out of the European Union. We will get our 200-mile fishing limit back. The Spanish are making a fortune out of our fish, and that is not right. We want that work for the North East of Scotland; it is very important," said David Coburn, a UKIP Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for Scotland.

As the convoy reached the Tower Bridge, they were greeted by a rival flotilla from the Remain campaign, led by rock musician and campaigner Sir Bob Geldof who backs staying in Europe. Geldorf shouted at Farage he was "no fisherman's friend" as the two traded insults across the waves.

Campaigners fired water hoses as boats circled each other, while Metropolitan Police boats intervened to keep both sides at safe distances.

The flotilla arrived just as David Cameron was delivering his final Prime Minister's Questions time in the House of Commons ahead of the June 23 referendum to decide if Britain should stay in the EU or leave.

Most of the questions fired at Cameron, from all sides of the chamber, were from Remain supporters.

Chancellor of the Exchequer George Osborne provoked anger, including a threatened rebellion from 57 of his own Conservative colleagues, when he announced an emergency budget in the event of a Brexit win in just eight days.

Osborne said that there would be a 30-billion-pound (42.5 billion U.S. dollar) cut in public spending to tackle a black hole in the economy, with the possibility of a 2-pence rise in the basic rate of income tax and a 3-pence rise in the higher tax rate.

Spending on police, transport, and local government could also be cut by five percent, warned the Chancellor.

Several polls released Tuesday showed the Leave campaign ahead of the Remain campaign by around seven percent, and Britain's best-selling newspaper, The Sun, came out in favor of Brexit. As for whether to leave the EU, different people have different views.

"If the so-called Brexit people win, there will be a legacy of very right-wing populist politics in this country which I think we have seen emerge during this campaign. It is not the sort of Britain I would like to see, and they are not the sort of people I would like to see running the country," said Harvey Morris, a former journalist for Financial Times.

"The EU Commission is unelected. They initiate the laws that come out of the EU and there is a question of where their direction comes from. I do not think that is clear or obvious, and it is just not democratic," said James, a London resident.

London's River Thames became a battleground on Wednesday, when armadas from the 'Leave' and 'Remain' camps of the EU referendum campaigns clashed in front of the Houses of Parliament.

As dozens of boats gathered, both sides hurled insults at each other as startled politicians watched from the terraces of the parliament buildings.

Nigel Farage, the leader of UKIP, Britain's anti-EU political party, led a flotilla of 30 fishing boats from Ramsgate along the river as part of his call for Britain to take back control of fishing around the British coast.

"We are much better off out of the European Union. We will get our 200-mile fishing limit back. The Spanish are making a fortune out of our fish, and that is not right. We want that work for the North East of Scotland; it is very important," said David Coburn, a UKIP Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for Scotland.

As the convoy reached the Tower Bridge, they were greeted by a rival flotilla from the Remain campaign, led by rock musician and campaigner Sir Bob Geldof who backs staying in Europe. Geldorf shouted at Farage he was "no fisherman's friend" as the two traded insults across the waves.

Campaigners fired water hoses as boats circled each other, while Metropolitan Police boats intervened to keep both sides at safe distances.

The flotilla arrived just as David Cameron was delivering his final Prime Minister's Questions time in the House of Commons ahead of the June 23 referendum to decide if Britain should stay in the EU or leave.

Most of the questions fired at Cameron, from all sides of the chamber, were from Remain supporters.

Chancellor of the Exchequer George Osborne provoked anger, including a threatened rebellion from 57 of his own Conservative colleagues, when he announced an emergency budget in the event of a Brexit win in just eight days.

Osborne said that there would be a 30-billion-pound (42.5 billion U.S. dollar) cut in public spending to tackle a black hole in the economy, with the possibility of a 2-pence rise in the basic rate of income tax and a 3-pence rise in the higher tax rate.

Spending on police, transport, and local government could also be cut by five percent, warned the Chancellor.

Several polls released Tuesday showed the Leave campaign ahead of the Remain campaign by around seven percent, and Britain's best-selling newspaper, The Sun, came out in favor of Brexit. As for whether to leave the EU, different people have different views.

"If the so-called Brexit people win, there will be a legacy of very right-wing populist politics in this country which I think we have seen emerge during this campaign. It is not the sort of Britain I would like to see, and they are not the sort of people I would like to see running the country," said Harvey Morris, a former journalist for Financial Times.

"The EU Commission is unelected. They initiate the laws that come out of the EU and there is a question of where their direction comes from. I do not think that is clear or obvious, and it is just not democratic," said James, a London resident.

London's River Thames became a battleground on Wednesday, when armadas from the 'Leave' and 'Remain' camps of the EU referendum campaigns clashed in front of the Houses of Parliament.

As dozens of boats gathered, both sides hurled insults at each other as startled politicians watched from the terraces of the parliament buildings.

Nigel Farage, the leader of UKIP, Britain's anti-EU political party, led a flotilla of 30 fishing boats from Ramsgate along the river as part of his call for Britain to take back control of fishing around the British coast.

"We are much better off out of the European Union. We will get our 200-mile fishing limit back. The Spanish are making a fortune out of our fish, and that is not right. We want that work for the North East of Scotland; it is very important," said David Coburn, a UKIP Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for Scotland.

As the convoy reached the Tower Bridge, they were greeted by a rival flotilla from the Remain campaign, led by rock musician and campaigner Sir Bob Geldof who backs staying in Europe. Geldorf shouted at Farage he was "no fisherman's friend" as the two traded insults across the waves.

Campaigners fired water hoses as boats circled each other, while Metropolitan Police boats intervened to keep both sides at safe distances.

The flotilla arrived just as David Cameron was delivering his final Prime Minister's Questions time in the House of Commons ahead of the June 23 referendum to decide if Britain should stay in the EU or leave.

Most of the questions fired at Cameron, from all sides of the chamber, were from Remain supporters.

Chancellor of the Exchequer George Osborne provoked anger, including a threatened rebellion from 57 of his own Conservative colleagues, when he announced an emergency budget in the event of a Brexit win in just eight days.

Osborne said that there would be a 30-billion-pound (42.5 billion U.S. dollar) cut in public spending to tackle a black hole in the economy, with the possibility of a 2-pence rise in the basic rate of income tax and a 3-pence rise in the higher tax rate.

Spending on police, transport, and local government could also be cut by five percent, warned the Chancellor.

Several polls released Tuesday showed the Leave campaign ahead of the Remain campaign by around seven percent, and Britain's best-selling newspaper, The Sun, came out in favor of Brexit. As for whether to leave the EU, different people have different views.

"If the so-called Brexit people win, there will be a legacy of very right-wing populist politics in this country which I think we have seen emerge during this campaign. It is not the sort of Britain I would like to see, and they are not the sort of people I would like to see running the country," said Harvey Morris, a former journalist for Financial Times.

"The EU Commission is unelected. They initiate the laws that come out of the EU and there is a question of where their direction comes from. I do not think that is clear or obvious, and it is just not democratic," said James, a London resident.

London, UK - June 15, 2016

1. Various of boats with flags reading 'leave', 'save our country', 'vote to leave'

2. SOUNDBITE (English) David Coburn, UKIP Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for Scotland:

"We are much better off out of the European Union. We will get our 200-mile fishing limit back. The Spanish are making a fortune out of our fish, and that is not right. We want that work for the North East of Scotland; it is very important."

3. Leader of UKIP Nigel Farage being interviewed

4. Various of boats, yacht flags reading 'in'

5. Police boat

6. SOUNDBITE (English) Harvey Morris, former journalist for Financial Times:

"If the so-called Brexit people win, there will be a legacy of very right-wing populist politics in this country which I think we have seen emerge during this campaign. And it is not the sort of Britain I would like to see, and they are not the sort of people I would like to see running the country."

7. Various of pedestrians

8. National flag of UK

9. SOUNDBITE (English) James, London resident (full name not given):

"The EU Commission is unelected. They initiate the laws that come out of the EU and there is a question of where their direction comes from. I do not think that is clear or obvious, and it is just not democratic."

10. Various of people holding flags reading 'in'

11. Various of people on boats with flags reading 'leave'

12. Police boat

13. Thames River, buildings

The outcome of the Brexit referendum has not only given worldwide markets enough reason to react to, it has also provided the Summer Davos enough rationale to ponder upon.

Participants of the summer edition of the World Economic Forum in China's Tianjin have to part with their scheduled timetable to specifically focus on Brexit and its impact on world markets and global economy.

"I do think the markets over the weekend and already on Monday when markets opening in Asia, followers around the world will be focusing on what happens next. How do we digest this? There is already a lot of political speculations, if not economic news but political news speculations out of Europe. Is it fast or slow and what does this mean? But I think it's important to put this into context. We view this now as a shock and surprise, but not a crisis," defines Michael Falcon, CEO of Asia Pacific, Global Investment Management at J.P. Morgan Asset Management.

Not quite along the same line, an industrialist from Britain itself shares his opinion with us.

"I think the issue for us is one of instability and uncertainty in businesses wherever they are; don't like instability or uncertainty for investment or jobs. We are a very strong business, and we will be a very strong business," says Larry Stone, president of Group Public and Government Affairs at BT Group which is a British multinational telecommunications service provider.

One financial analyst has offered to complete the two-pronged concerns.

"If certain affiliates choose to move out, then people in the UK who support those affiliates are going to lose their jobs. So to me, the big story is about the people, about the people of the UK," says Gary Coleman, managing director of Global Industries at Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited.

At the annual Summer Davos are either policy makers themselves or their consultants; so price fluctuations and employment are their top concerns of course.

As the co-host of the forum, the chief of China's National Development and Reform Commission has aired his concern on the impact of Brexit on investment.

"The status quo may lead to a capital outflow, a plunge of asset prices, and a weaker exchange rate. Investing enterprises may face risks of falling asset prices and exchange rate fluctuations," says Xu Shaoshi, director of China's top economic planner.

The founder and executive chairperson of the World Economic Forum is more philosophical.

"I think it's too early to predict what will happen. I also would like to always remind myself it was not a vote of UK. It was mainly a vote of the older generation and it teaches us that the older generation may be more fearful about the future compared to the young generation which has voted much more in a poorer European in an open way," says Klaus Schwab, founder and executive chairman of the World Economic Forum.

The three-day forum in Tianjin has to open an exclusive panel discussion on "After the Brexit" on its opening day, after Britain voted last Friday to leave the EU by 51.9 percent to 48.1 percent in the referendum.

The outcome of the Brexit referendum has not only given worldwide markets enough reason to react to, it has also provided the Summer Davos enough rationale to ponder upon.

Participants of the summer edition of the World Economic Forum in China's Tianjin have to part with their scheduled timetable to specifically focus on Brexit and its impact on world markets and global economy.

"I do think the markets over the weekend and already on Monday when markets opening in Asia, followers around the world will be focusing on what happens next. How do we digest this? There is already a lot of political speculations, if not economic news but political news speculations out of Europe. Is it fast or slow and what does this mean? But I think it's important to put this into context. We view this now as a shock and surprise, but not a crisis," defines Michael Falcon, CEO of Asia Pacific, Global Investment Management at J.P. Morgan Asset Management.

Not quite along the same line, an industrialist from Britain itself shares his opinion with us.

"I think the issue for us is one of instability and uncertainty in businesses wherever they are; don't like instability or uncertainty for investment or jobs. We are a very strong business, and we will be a very strong business," says Larry Stone, president of Group Public and Government Affairs at BT Group which is a British multinational telecommunications service provider.

One financial analyst has offered to complete the two-pronged concerns.

"If certain affiliates choose to move out, then people in the UK who support those affiliates are going to lose their jobs. So to me, the big story is about the people, about the people of the UK," says Gary Coleman, managing director of Global Industries at Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited.

At the annual Summer Davos are either policy makers themselves or their consultants; so price fluctuations and employment are their top concerns of course.

As the co-host of the forum, the chief of China's National Development and Reform Commission has aired his concern on the impact of Brexit on investment.

"The status quo may lead to a capital outflow, a plunge of asset prices, and a weaker exchange rate. Investing enterprises may face risks of falling asset prices and exchange rate fluctuations," says Xu Shaoshi, director of China's top economic planner.

The founder and executive chairperson of the World Economic Forum is more philosophical.

"I think it's too early to predict what will happen. I also would like to always remind myself it was not a vote of UK. It was mainly a vote of the older generation and it teaches us that the older generation may be more fearful about the future compared to the young generation which has voted much more in a poorer European in an open way," says Klaus Schwab, founder and executive chairman of the World Economic Forum.

The three-day forum in Tianjin has to open an exclusive panel discussion on "After the Brexit" on its opening day, after Britain voted last Friday to leave the EU by 51.9 percent to 48.1 percent in the referendum.

The outcome of the Brexit referendum has not only given worldwide markets enough reason to react to, it has also provided the Summer Davos enough rationale to ponder upon.

Participants of the summer edition of the World Economic Forum in China's Tianjin have to part with their scheduled timetable to specifically focus on Brexit and its impact on world markets and global economy.

"I do think the markets over the weekend and already on Monday when markets opening in Asia, followers around the world will be focusing on what happens next. How do we digest this? There is already a lot of political speculations, if not economic news but political news speculations out of Europe. Is it fast or slow and what does this mean? But I think it's important to put this into context. We view this now as a shock and surprise, but not a crisis," defines Michael Falcon, CEO of Asia Pacific, Global Investment Management at J.P. Morgan Asset Management.

Not quite along the same line, an industrialist from Britain itself shares his opinion with us.

"I think the issue for us is one of instability and uncertainty in businesses wherever they are; don't like instability or uncertainty for investment or jobs. We are a very strong business, and we will be a very strong business," says Larry Stone, president of Group Public and Government Affairs at BT Group which is a British multinational telecommunications service provider.

One financial analyst has offered to complete the two-pronged concerns.

"If certain affiliates choose to move out, then people in the UK who support those affiliates are going to lose their jobs. So to me, the big story is about the people, about the people of the UK," says Gary Coleman, managing director of Global Industries at Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited.

At the annual Summer Davos are either policy makers themselves or their consultants; so price fluctuations and employment are their top concerns of course.

As the co-host of the forum, the chief of China's National Development and Reform Commission has aired his concern on the impact of Brexit on investment.

"The status quo may lead to a capital outflow, a plunge of asset prices, and a weaker exchange rate. Investing enterprises may face risks of falling asset prices and exchange rate fluctuations," says Xu Shaoshi, director of China's top economic planner.

The founder and executive chairperson of the World Economic Forum is more philosophical.

"I think it's too early to predict what will happen. I also would like to always remind myself it was not a vote of UK. It was mainly a vote of the older generation and it teaches us that the older generation may be more fearful about the future compared to the young generation which has voted much more in a poorer European in an open way," says Klaus Schwab, founder and executive chairman of the World Economic Forum.

The three-day forum in Tianjin has to open an exclusive panel discussion on "After the Brexit" on its opening day, after Britain voted last Friday to leave the EU by 51.9 percent to 48.1 percent in the referendum.

Tianjin Municipality, north China - June 26, 2016

1. Panel discussion themed on "After the Brexit"

2. SOUNDBITE (English) Michael Falcon, CEO of Asia Pacific, Global Investment Management, J.P. Morgan Asset Management (starting with shot 1):

"I do think the markets over the weekend and already on Monday when markets opening in Asia, followers around the world will be focusing on what happens next. How do we digest this? There is already a lot of political speculations,if not economic news but political news speculations out of Europe. Is it fast or slow and what does this mean? But I think it's important to put this into context. We view this now as a shock and surprise, but not a crisis."

Tokyo, Japan - Recent

3.Various of electronic screen showing Nikkei Stock Index

Seoul, South Korea - Recent

4.Various of banking staff working at office

Tianjin Municipality, north China - June 26, 2016

5. SOUNDBITE (English) Larry Stone, president, Group Public and Government Affairs, BT Group:

"I think the issue for us is one of instability and uncertainty in businesses wherever they are; don't like instability or uncertainty for investment or jobs. We are a very strong business, and we will be a very strong business."

London, UK - Recent

6. National flags of United Kingdom hung up across street

7. Pedestrians

8. Various of money exchange board

Tianjin Municipality, north China - June 26, 2016

9. SOUNDBITE (English) Gary Coleman, managing director of Global Industries, Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited:

"If certain affiliates choose to move out, then people in the UK who support those affiliates are going to lose their jobs. So to me, the big story is about the people, about the people of the UK."

London, UK - Recent

10. Bridge

11. Building under construction

Tianjin Municipality, north China - June 26, 2016

12. SOUNDBITE (Chinese) Xu Shaoshi, head of National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC):

"The status quo may lead to a capital outflow, a plunge of asset prices, and a weaker exchange rate. Investing enterprises may face risks of falling asset prices and exchange rate fluctuations."

London, UK - Recent

13. Television screen showing logo of Leave.EU, an organization campaigning for the Leave vote in Brexit referendum, sign reading "Leave EU"

14. British national flags on table

Tianjin Municipality, north China - June 26, 2016

15. SOUNDBITE (English) Klaus Schwab, founder and executive chairman of the World Economic Forum (WEF):

"I think it's too early to predict what will happen. I also would like to always remind myself it was not a vote of UK. It was mainly a vote of the older generation and it teaches us that the older generation may be more fearful about the future compared to the young generation which has voted much more in a poorer European in an open way."

London, UK - Recent

16. Statue

17. Clock at street corner

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SHOTLIST:

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London - 24 January 2017

1. Nigel Farage, former leader of the UK Independence Party (UKIP), Member of European Parliament and pro-Brexit campaigner, during interview

2. SOUNDBITE (English) Nigel Farage, former UKIP leader, Member of European Parliament and pro-Brexit campaigner:

(Question: What did you make of today's Supreme Court ruling?)

"Expected.The establishment stick with each other, so Parliament will have a say. But it's funny, isn't it? Because it's one of those rare times when Parliament said to us, the people, 'you decide', and the government made it perfectly clear they would accept the result, trigger Article 50, and get on with it. But here we have a judgement saying that it goes back to Parliament."

3. Farage during interview

4. SOUNDBITE (English) Nigel Farage, former UKIP leader, Member of European Parliament and pro-Brexit campaigner:

(Question: What do you make of those that brought this case and ultimately won it?)

"Well, I think every attempt is being made by the establishment to delay and dilute Brexit. So this will come to the House of Commons fairly quickly, there'll be amendments to try and give us a second referendum, there'll be amendments to try and keep us in the single market. I don't know whether any of them are actually going to succeed, but I do think this: I do think that a fair-minded British public say 'look, we had a referendum, we had a result, what is it with so many of our MPs that they can't accept democracy?"

5. Farage during interview

6. SOUNDBITE (English) Nigel Farage, former UKIP leader, Member of European Parliament and pro-Brexit campaigner:

(Question: The court case wasn't really about accepting democracy though, was it? It was about the letter of the law and it being Parliament's job to trigger this process rather than the Prime Minister, wasn't it?)

"Well, I have to say that it seems to me that we have a House of Commons that represents the common people, but in this case the House of Commons said 'You the common people make this decision'. There's no point arguing after a legal case. It's done. It's done. But it's just the response to it that we've heard from Liberal Democrats, from SNP (Scottish National Party), and indeed from some sections of the Labour Party, saying they will use this vote and debate in Parliament as an attempt to try and delay and dilute Brexit."

7. Farage during interview

8. SOUNDBITE (English) Nigel Farage, former UKIP leader, Member of European Parliament and pro-Brexit campaigner:

(Question: What is your biggest fear following this ruling?)

"My biggest fear is that the whole Brexit process is taking much longer than we were promised. David Cameron (former UK Prime Minister) made it clear: 'You're having a referendum, if you vote to leave, we will trigger Article 50 and you will leave'."

++BLACK FRAMES++

9. SOUNDBITE (English) Nigel Farage, former UKIP leader, Member of European Parliament and pro-Brexit campaigner:

(Question: Are you pleased that devolved administrations in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland won't get a say?)

"Had devolved administrations been given a say over this we would no longer be a United Kingdom, we'd be a federal state. So that was an expected judgement. Anything else would've been outrageous."

++BLACK FRAMES++

10. SOUNDBITE (English) Nigel Farage, former UKIP leader, Member of European Parliament and pro-Brexit campaigner:

(Question: Who do you blame for these legal wranglings?)

"Oh, I blame big money and the establishment. I mean, look. We all know that the European Union has been good for some people. It's been good for the wealthy, it's been good for big business, it's actually been quite good for many people in career politics. They're trying their very best to frustrate the will of the people."

++BLACK FRAMES++

11. SOUNDBITE (English) Nigel Farage, former UKIP leader, Member of European Parliament and pro-Brexit campaigner:

(Question: Isn't it only fair to follow the proper process though?)

"What is the proper process? If Article 50 had been triggered immediately after the referendum, we wouldn't have had any of this mess. So the lesson, the moral of the story, to the government is 'get on with it'."

++BLACK FRAMES++

++ENDS ON SOUNDBITE++

STORYLINE:

Former UK Independence Party leader Nigel Farage said he "expected" the Supreme Court ruling that Parliament must vote on triggering the UK's departure from the European Union.

Speaking on Tuesday outside the Houses of Parliament, Farage said he thought "every attempt is being made by the establishment to delay and dilute Brexit."

He said opposition parties may try to use the parliamentary vote to add amendments calling for a second referendum or to ensure Britain retains its status in the European single market.

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A memo prepared by a consultant to the British government says ministers have no coherent plan for leaving the European Union and may need to hire up to 30,000 civil servants to complete the country's exit from the 28-nation bloc, the Times of London reported on Tuesday.

The newspaper said the leaked memo - prepared by a consultant for the Cabinet Office - says splits within Prime Minister Theresa May's team have delayed development of a negotiating strategy and that it may take another six months to come up with a plan.

The prime minister's office said "this is not a government report and we don't recognize the claims made in it."

Transport Secretary Chris Grayling told Sky News that he had not evidence of the kinds of leaks discussed in the leaked document.

"I'm a bit baffled by today's stories," he said in an interview on Tuesday.

The Times said the memo was written by a consultant on his own initiative, not at government request. The BBC also said it had seen the document.

The government says it will trigger two years of formal exit talks with the EU by March 31.

The memo, dated November 7 and titled "Brexit update," reportedly says that "despite extended debate among (department) permanent secretaries, no common strategy has emerged."

It says this is partly because May is "drawing in decisions and details to settle matters herself."

It says individual departments are working on projects related to Britain's exit - 500 in all - but that "there is no prioritisation and no link to the overall negotiation strategy."

On Tuesday British Shadow Chancellor John McDonnell said Labour would not seek a second referendum or block the triggering of Article 50, but said it was vital that the country had a clear vision of what future Brexit negotiations would entail.

"As a result of pressure in parliament, cross-party, but also pressure from the general public now, the government is going to have to come clean about its own vision," he said during a speech in central London.

May took office in July, after Britons voted to leave the EU.

She had campaigned to stay in, but has promised she will deliver on voters' decision to leave.

Her Cabinet contains both "remain" backers like Treasury Chief Philip Hammond and "leave" supporters including Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson.

The government has declined to say what sort of deal Britain will seek with the EU - including whether it will try to keep Britain in the bloc's single market for goods and services, something many British businesses desire.

AP TELEVISION

London - 15 November 2016

1. London street, people sitting at cafe with copy of the Times newspaper with article on leaked Brexit memo

2. Various of Times headline on leaked memo

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London - 15 November 2016

3. SOUNDBITE (English) Chris Grayling, British Transport Secretary and Cabinet member:

"Well, I don't know where this (report) comes from, it's certainly not a government report, it's certainly not something I've seen and I haven't seen evidence - and I sit on the Cabinet committee that's planning the Brexit process - I haven't seen any evidence of the kind of splits discussed. So I'm a bit baffled by today's stories."

AP TELEVISION

London - 15 November 2016

4. Various exteriors of Houses of Parliament

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London - 15 November 2016

5. SOUNDBITE (English) Nigel Farage, Acting UKIP Leader (++Includes reverse shot of reporter++):

"Well, it's absolutely right isn't it. Cameron and Osborne did not put any plan B into place because they thought it was impossible that the Brexit campaign should win the referendum. No one doubts there is a huge amount to do but there are two ways of looking at it. the first is to say, 'gosh, look at this enormous work load we have got, what a terrible burden'. The other way to look at it is, 'we're about to get back control over every aspect of our commercial lives and it's a fantastic opportunity'."

SKY NEWS - NO ACCESS UK MAINSTREAM BROADCASTERS/AL JAZEERA/BLOOMBERG. IF YOU ARE A FOREIGN NEWS CHANNEL DISTRIBUTED IN THE UK AND IRELAND ON SKY'S DIGITAL SATELLITE PLATFORM AND WANT TO USE THIS CONTENT, PLEASE CONTACT THE CUSTOMER LIAISON DESK AT: customervideosupport@ap.org

FILE: London - 20 May 2016

6. Various of UK Independence Party (UKIP) leader Nigel Farage appearing on "Vote Leave" campaign bus

UK POOL

London - 15 November 2016

7. SOUNDBITE (English) John McDonnell, British Shadow (Labour) Chancellor:

"It looks as though even within government, half their government did not know what those negotiations comprised (or that they) were taking place even so we've got to get full openness and transparency. I think as a result of pressure in parliament, cross-party, but also pressure from the general public now, the government is going to have to come clean about its own vision and what we want. Again we just want the best for the country and we will work with anyone to do that but the vision has to be absolutely clear and that vision cannot be individual deals that secure the benefits of a future Europe just for the rich - we've got to protect, for example, workers right, environmental regulations, we've got to ensure that we maintain the investment that comes from the European Union Investment Bank - we have a stake in that and to lose that some of the regions in our country would lose some significant investment for the future - so on all of those issues we will be looking for openness, transparency and accountability to Parliament but more importantly accountability to the British people."

AP TELEVISION

London - 15 November 2016

8. Set up of Tony Travers, Director of British Government studies at The London School of Economics

9. SOUNDBITE (English) Tony Travers, Director of British Government studies at The London School of Economics:

"There's definitely something here; I mean the question is what does it tell us about what is really going on in government and I think what it tells us is something that in a sense is not that surprising, which is that to unravel Britain's relationship with the European Union will take a long time. It's very complicated and for the British civil service, a massive challenge.

10. Cutaway of hands

11. SOUNDBITE (English) Tony Travers, Director of British Government studies at The London School of Economics:

"Britain will leave the European Union for sure. The question is on what terms and conditions and reports of the kind published today, which of course enormously aggravated the pro Brexit MPs and pro Brexit supporters who see this as yet another attempt to water down Brexit."

AP TELEVISION

London - 15 November 2016

12. Various of the Houses of Parliament

13. Houses of Parliament and Parliament Square

14. Various of Whitehall, Downing Street and the new Brexit offices

UK POOL

FILE: Birmingham - 11 July 2016

15. SOUNDBITE (English) Theresa May, then candidate for UK Prime Minister:

"Well, I couldn't be clearer: Brexit means Brexit and we're going to make a success of it. There will be no attempts to remain inside the EU (Applause). There will be no attempts to rejoin it by the back door, no second referendum, the country voted to leave the European Union and as Prime Minister, I will make sure that we leave the European Union."

UK POOL

FILE: Birmingham - 22 June 2016

16. Various of then UK Prime Minister David Cameron on stage at "Remain" campaign rally

Author Thomas Harding is in the process of doing what the descendants of many Holocaust victims would find unimaginable: applying for a German passport.

When Britain voted to leave the European Union in June, the 48-year-old had to make a decision that was never necessary before the referendum - should he request the restoration of German citizenship stripped from his family by the Third Reich? He needed only a few hours to make up his mind.

“This is more than the practical, this is also about something for us, or for me, it's about something spiritual, it's about reconciliation,’’ he said. “It's about acknowledging the truth of the horrors of the past but also about trying to build a better future together, and as a European, that's what I hope to do."

It is one of the complicated realities of the UK’s pending divorce from the EU that many Britons whose ancestors came from other parts of Europe are claiming citizenship in other member states so they can retain ties to the Continent. Inquiries about passports are up at the German, Austrian, French and Polish embassies.

Some want to retain the ability to travel easily from country to country or maintain business ties. Others just want to be part of the European Union.

But for Jews whose families fled Germany to escape Adolf Hitler, the decision means re-examining long-held beliefs about history and the country that once persecuted them.

The children and grandchildren of Jewish refugees are taking advantage of a law that allows the descendants of people persecuted by the Nazis to regain the citizenship that was stripped from them in the 1930s and 1940s. More than 400 Britons have sought information about the law since the June 23 referendum, and German authorities have received at least 100 formal applications, compared with about 20 annually in recent years.

Michael Newman, chief executive of the Association of Jewish Refugees, said Brexit has fuelled interest in German citizenship, but it’s hard to know how many people will actually apply. Jews are now able to consider such a step because Germany has made huge strides in addressing the past, creating a culture of remembrance, he said.

“No amount of blood money or memorials will satisfy or suffice for some people but in terms of addressing its past and owning up to it and looking into things, it's done much that many other countries haven't,’’ said Newman.

Many of those seeking restoration of their citizenship don’t intend to live in Germany, but want the freedom to travel and work in EU nations.

Ben Lewis, a 49-year-old documentary filmmaker, is among those who would like to regain German citizenship.

Lewis, whose film and production company has worked for years on the continent, sees the potential of Brexit as an abomination, particularly the anti-immigrant sentiment that influenced many people to vote to leave.

“I just want to take a firm stance, a documented stance etched in acid on stone, that I object to Brexit," he said.

The decision for many might have been prompted by Brexit, but had been years in the making for some. Harding, for one, has long been coming to terms with his German past, a journey documented in part in his book, “The House by the Lake.’’

The way Harding sees it, Germany is now showing leadership by taking in over a million refugees.

As the result of the EU referendum became clear on the morning of June 24, Harding was on the phone to the German embassy to inquire about citizenship.

It’s logical, he says, for Jews to cling to the EU, which was created to build international links that would make another European war impossible.

“It was much less about saying goodbye to Britain than saying hello to Europe," he said.

London - 5 October 2016

1. Pan down from German and European Union flags to entrance of German Embassy in London

2. Various of flags

3. Mid of author Thomas Harding sitting on grass looking at passport that belonged to his German Jewish grandfather

4. Close of Harding's face

5. Various of passport

6. SOUNDBITE (English) Thomas Harding, author, in the process of applying for restoration of German passport following Brexit vote:

"This is more than the practical, this is also about something for us, or for me, it's about something spiritual, it's about reconciliation. It's about acknowledging the truth of the horrors of the past but also about trying to build a better future together, and as a European, that's what I hope to do."

7. Cutaway passport and photo of Harding's grandparents

8. SOUNDBITE (English) Thomas Harding, author, in the process of applying for restoration of German passport following Brexit vote:

"I think what has happened to me is I have become much more open towards Germany and at the same time following Brexit, I realised that there was going to be a very real loss. It was likely that me and my family would be unable to live and work in 27 countries in Europe and given the fact that I didn't have to give up my British passport, I didn't have to live in Germany by necessity or learn German, show I could speak German, it didn't seem like there was anything to lose and so for me, it was much less about saying goodbye to Britain than saying hello to Europe."

9. Harding flicking through passport

10. Mid of exhibit of Jewish Museum in London

11. Soft focus, yellow star that Jews were forced to wear in Nazi Germany

12. Set up of documentary maker Ben Lewis

13. Close of Lewis looking at museum exhibit

14. SOUNDBITE (English) Ben Lewis, documentary maker, in the process of applying for restoration of German passport following Brexit vote:

"Well, it was immediately after Brexit I thought the restoration of German citizenship was something that I wanted, because before Brexit I was part of the EU anyway. I was a European, I was deeply engaged in German culture from the age of 14 when I first started learning German, and in a way my whole life was orientated around creating links around rebuilding, if you like, as a Jew, links between myself, in Britain and German culture."

15. Cutaway hands

16. SOUNDBITE (English) Ben Lewis, documentary maker, in the process of applying for restoration of German passport following Brexit vote:

"I have many motivations for wanting to get German citizenship. I am thinking a lot about my child, I want him to have the same advantages in life that I had, you know, to be able to play on a European field. I've worked all over Europe in my life. I love Berlin - I could imagine living there. Perhaps that would happen in the future. And I just want to take a firm stance, a documented stance, something etched in acid on stone, that I object to Brexit."

17. Set up shot of Michael Newman, chief executive of the Association of Jewish Refugees

18. Newman typing

19. SOUNDBITE (English) Michael Newman, chief executive of the Association of Jewish Refugees:

"Well I think this is uppermost in the minds of the government that they are not going to walk away from any post Holocaust responsibilities and I think most people would look at what Germany has done since the Second World War in terms of addressing its past, the culture of remembrance, the educational resources, it's committed to teaching about the holocaust and see that what it has done has been leading the way and if you look at issues like restitution, archive, opening archives, documentation centres, even opening and creating museums, they are, they're leading the way in many respects in dealing with their history. It remains of course very subjective because no amount of blood, money or memorials will satisfy or suffice for some people but in terms of addressing its past and owning up to it and looking into things, it's done much that many other countries haven't."

20. Wide of German Embassy entrance for public

21. Close of entrance

22. Sign reading 'Welcome' in German and English

FOR CLEAN VERSION SEE STORY NUMBER: 4038463

LEAD IN:

UK wine industry experts are eyeing the upcoming vote on whether to leave the European Union with mixed feelings.

With producers and suppliers heavily reliant on pan-European trade, many remain unsure how Brexit will impact upon business.

STORY-LINE:

Sparkling wine on a summer's day in the English capital.

Glistening flutes and bottles in abundance, and a crowd of happy lunchtime drinkers add to the atmosphere of excitement and discovery, along with an impromptu game of ping pong.

It must be London Wine Week.

This is the third year of the festival, and this year is the most popular to date.

Festival director Emma Murphy says "It's the largest self-guided wine tasting that there is across London. It's kind of the only event of its kind that we have over here. So we work with 125 bars, restaurants, independent merchants who all get involved" .

But although these flutes of fizz are English sparkling wine, much of the wine the festival goers here are tasting is from EU member states such as France, Spain, Portugal, Italy and Germany.

The June 23 referendum on whether to quit the European Union is fast approaching. So is this something the industry should fear?

"I wouldn't have said so," says Murphy.

"Wine trade has been going for long enough, even long before the euro, so I wouldn't have thought that would make much difference to be honest with you. Hopefully not anyway."

At the festival hub on London's Devonshire Square, there are pop-up bars featuring wines from across Europe.

These two young graduate trainees are enjoying wines from Portugal, and with their festival wristband, it costs them just five British Pounds for a flight of three.

Oscar Stenbom and Anna Rogers both agree that things may well be different if Britain leaves the union.

"If it's more expensive for them to send the wine here, if there's more tariffs, then yeah I guess it would be," says Anna, while Oscar is concerned about regulation and labelling:

"It would also be more difficult to know what you are drinking because there won't be as many restrictions on labelling the wine based on where it's actually from and the grape it's actually come from."

The New Street wine shop has been taken over by the wine festival. They sell wines from all over the world but today they are holding a tasting featuring wines from Ribera del Duero in northern Spain.

Most wine drinkers know about the region of Rioja, but Bettina Lemm is informing these festival goers about the region she represents.

"I think they (wines of Ribera del Duero) are still an emerging market, especially in the UK. The UK is an important market for Ribera del Duero, it's the seventh-largest export market for Ribera del Duero but I think that we're still establishing ourselves."

But if the UK is an important export market, is Brexit going to throw the proverbial spanner into the works? Lemm doesn't seem too worried "I think at the moment we're pretty confident as we've seen year to year that exports have grown. I think that's going to continue and I don't think it's a worry that we have at the moment," she says.

Wine used to have a rather old fashioned reputation and a comparatively elderly demographic, but this has changed enormously in recent years.

The prevalence of wine clubs popping up in the UK is an indicator of wine's increasing popularity.

Tom Harrow of Honest Grapes explains why this is "I think this is because people want to engage more with what's in the bottle. It's not just liquid, they want to know the stories behind it, they want to meet the people involved. And there's the sociable aspect, you know wine is fundamentally something which we do with other people," he says.

With 125 venues across the metropolis taking part in this festival, there's plenty of opportunity to enjoy it with friends.

But with such enthusiasm for wine spreading across the country, June 23 could bring disruption, according to Harrow "It's fair to say that we're a bit concerned about the possibilities of Brexit, I think the rising price of the euro against the pound will have a serious effect on quality wine. At the moment more than 60 percent of wine that comes into the UK is shipped in massive great tankers and bottled over here and that's not something we get involved with. But that becomes the only affordable way if the pound plummets against the euro. So I think that it won't be a good thing initially for the wine consumer because the prices of these small artisan wines will go up" .

However, the future might be bright in other, unexpected ways.

"All the English wine makers that I speak to say we are half a degree away from being a perfect climate for sparkling wines at least," says Harrow, and with apologies to climate change icon Al Gore, he adds that "global warming is a good thing for the UK sparkling wine trade."

Reports by the WSTA (Wine and Spirit Trade Association) suggest there is still some way to go as the UK comes in at number six on the list of sales of sparkling wine by origin - but it's rising year on year.

600 million bottles of wine are bottled in the UK.

This makes the UK wine market the sixth largest in the world, generating 173 billion British pounds of economic activity, according to the WSTA. 10 billion British pounds are made through sales.

Also being showcased here is one of the new kids on the alcohol block, Regal Rogue Vermouth.

According to brand founder Mark Ward, vermouth, by definition, is 75 percent wine. It must have wormwood and it must have an ABV (alcohol by volume) of 15 to 24 percent. These three things have to be in place for a producer to put vermouth on the bottle or it flouts recent EU regulations.

Ward, who was brought up in hospitality, began the project in Australia where he worked closely with top Australian chefs who introduced him to indigenous herbs and spices.

"It seemed like a really obvious thing to do, marrying the herbs and spices with this abundance of Australian wine to create a New World style of vermouth. And you know the tradition of vermouth is really led by the European markets. You know, Italian, French, now Spanish - but now there are vermouths coming out of America, the UK, Germany and obviously Australia. So pretty much anywhere where you find wine now, you will find a vermouth of some sort." he says.

Ward is attempting to educate the wine drinking market which, he believes, is mostly unaware of the fact that vermouth is fundamentally a wine.

This can only be helped by a new pop up for 2016, the Vermouth Bar.

The parent company of London Wine Week is the aptly named "Drink Up London", and they're already preparing for the 2017 event - Brexit or no Brexit.

FOR CLEAN VERSION SEE STORY NUMBER: 4038463

LEAD IN:

UK wine industry experts are eyeing the upcoming vote on whether to leave the European Union with mixed feelings.

With producers and suppliers heavily reliant on pan-European trade, many remain unsure how Brexit will impact upon business.

STORY-LINE:

Sparkling wine on a summer's day in the English capital.

Glistening flutes and bottles in abundance, and a crowd of happy lunchtime drinkers add to the atmosphere of excitement and discovery, along with an impromptu game of ping pong.

It must be London Wine Week.

This is the third year of the festival, and this year is the most popular to date.

Festival director Emma Murphy says "It's the largest self-guided wine tasting that there is across London. It's kind of the only event of its kind that we have over here. So we work with 125 bars, restaurants, independent merchants who all get involved" .

But although these flutes of fizz are English sparkling wine, much of the wine the festival goers here are tasting is from EU member states such as France, Spain, Portugal, Italy and Germany.

The June 23 referendum on whether to quit the European Union is fast approaching. So is this something the industry should fear?

"I wouldn't have said so," says Murphy.

"Wine trade has been going for long enough, even long before the euro, so I wouldn't have thought that would make much difference to be honest with you. Hopefully not anyway."

At the festival hub on London's Devonshire Square, there are pop-up bars featuring wines from across Europe.

These two young graduate trainees are enjoying wines from Portugal, and with their festival wristband, it costs them just five British Pounds for a flight of three.

Oscar Stenbom and Anna Rogers both agree that things may well be different if Britain leaves the union.

"If it's more expensive for them to send the wine here, if there's more tariffs, then yeah I guess it would be," says Anna, while Oscar is concerned about regulation and labelling:

"It would also be more difficult to know what you are drinking because there won't be as many restrictions on labelling the wine based on where it's actually from and the grape it's actually come from."

The New Street wine shop has been taken over by the wine festival. They sell wines from all over the world but today they are holding a tasting featuring wines from Ribera del Duero in northern Spain.

Most wine drinkers know about the region of Rioja, but Bettina Lemm is informing these festival goers about the region she represents.

"I think they (wines of Ribera del Duero) are still an emerging market, especially in the UK. The UK is an important market for Ribera del Duero, it's the seventh-largest export market for Ribera del Duero but I think that we're still establishing ourselves."

But if the UK is an important export market, is Brexit going to throw the proverbial spanner into the works? Lemm doesn't seem too worried "I think at the moment we're pretty confident as we've seen year to year that exports have grown. I think that's going to continue and I don't think it's a worry that we have at the moment," she says.

Wine used to have a rather old fashioned reputation and a comparatively elderly demographic, but this has changed enormously in recent years.

The prevalence of wine clubs popping up in the UK is an indicator of wine's increasing popularity.

Tom Harrow of Honest Grapes explains why this is "I think this is because people want to engage more with what's in the bottle. It's not just liquid, they want to know the stories behind it, they want to meet the people involved. And there's the sociable aspect, you know wine is fundamentally something which we do with other people," he says.

With 125 venues across the metropolis taking part in this festival, there's plenty of opportunity to enjoy it with friends.

But with such enthusiasm for wine spreading across the country, June 23 could bring disruption, according to Harrow "It's fair to say that we're a bit concerned about the possibilities of Brexit, I think the rising price of the euro against the pound will have a serious effect on quality wine. At the moment more than 60 percent of wine that comes into the UK is shipped in massive great tankers and bottled over here and that's not something we get involved with. But that becomes the only affordable way if the pound plummets against the euro. So I think that it won't be a good thing initially for the wine consumer because the prices of these small artisan wines will go up" .

However, the future might be bright in other, unexpected ways.

"All the English wine makers that I speak to say we are half a degree away from being a perfect climate for sparkling wines at least," says Harrow, and with apologies to climate change icon Al Gore, he adds that "global warming is a good thing for the UK sparkling wine trade."

Reports by the WSTA (Wine and Spirit Trade Association) suggest there is still some way to go as the UK comes in at number six on the list of sales of sparkling wine by origin - but it's rising year on year.

600 million bottles of wine are bottled in the UK.

This makes the UK wine market the sixth largest in the world, generating 173 billion British pounds of economic activity, according to the WSTA. 10 billion British pounds are made through sales.

Also being showcased here is one of the new kids on the alcohol block, Regal Rogue Vermouth.

According to brand founder Mark Ward, vermouth, by definition, is 75 percent wine. It must have wormwood and it must have an ABV (alcohol by volume) of 15 to 24 percent. These three things have to be in place for a producer to put vermouth on the bottle or it flouts recent EU regulations.

Ward, who was brought up in hospitality, began the project in Australia where he worked closely with top Australian chefs who introduced him to indigenous herbs and spices.

"It seemed like a really obvious thing to do, marrying the herbs and spices with this abundance of Australian wine to create a New World style of vermouth. And you know the tradition of vermouth is really led by the European markets. You know, Italian, French, now Spanish - but now there are vermouths coming out of America, the UK, Germany and obviously Australia. So pretty much anywhere where you find wine now, you will find a vermouth of some sort." he says.

Ward is attempting to educate the wine drinking market which, he believes, is mostly unaware of the fact that vermouth is fundamentally a wine.

This can only be helped by a new pop up for 2016, the Vermouth Bar.

The parent company of London Wine Week is the aptly named "Drink Up London", and they're already preparing for the 2017 event - Brexit or no Brexit.

AP Television

London - 27 May 2016

1. Close of wine glasses

2. Bartender pouring sparkling wine

3. Tilt down on central courtyard at Devonshire Square, the hub for London Wine Week

4. Group of friends enjoying English sparkling wine

5. Men playing table tennis

6. Sign reading (English) "London Wine Week"

7. Set up shot of Emma Murphy, director of London Wine Week

8. SOUNDBITE (English) Emma Murphy, director of London Wine Week

"What's unique about it? It's the largest self-guided wine tasting that there is across London. It's kind of the only event of its kind that we have over here. So we work with 125 bars, restaurants, independent merchants who all get involved whether that's with offers, special menus or ticketed events across the week."

9. Two women with wine flight selection

10. SOUNDBITE (English) Emma Murphy, director of London Wine Week

(Responding to the question Do you think a Brexit will affect the wine industry negatively?)

"I wouldn't have said so, because I mean, I think, you know, wine trade has been going for long enough, even long before the euro, so I wouldn't have thought that would make much difference to be honest with you. Hopefully not anyway."

11. Sign reading (English) "Pop into our pop up wine bars"

12. Various of Portuguese wine pop up

13. Mid of graduate trainees in insurance Oscar Stenpom and Anna Rogers

14. Flight of Portuguese wines

15. SOUNDBITE (English) Oscar Stenbom and Anna Rogers, Insurance Graduate Trainees:

(Responding to question Do you think a Brexit will mean it will be more difficult for people to access quality wine?)

Stenbom: "Yes,"

Rogers: "I guess so, I mean if it's more expensive for them to send the wine here, if there's more tariffs, then yeah I guess it would be."

Stenbom: "It would also be more difficult to know what you're drinking, because there won't be as many restrictions on labelling the wine based on where it's actually from and the grape it's actually come from."

16. Pull focus of Spanish wine labels

17. Vintage bottles of fortified wine

18. Side view of Spanish wine bottles

19. Set up shot of Bettina Lemm with wines from Ribera del Duero in northern Spain

20. SOUNDBITE (English) Bettina Lemm, Westbury Communications (which represents the Ribera del Duero region in the UK):

"I think they (wines of Ribera del Duero) are still an emerging market, especially in the UK. The UK is an important market for Ribera del Duero, it's the seventh-largest export market for Ribera del Duero, but I think that we're still establishing ourselves. A lot of people know some big names from the region, and we're just trying to bring attention to some other grape producers who might not yet have the same recognition."

21. Close of wine labels

22. SOUNDBITE (English) Bettina Lemm, Westbury Communications (who represent the Ribera del Duero region in the UK):

(Responding to the question are you worried about the possibility of a Brexit affecting your export market?)

"I think at the moment we're pretty confident, as we've seen year to year that exports have grown. I think that's going to continue and I don't think it's a worry that we have at the moment."

23. Pan from mediaeval knight sculpture to pop up courtyard

24. Mid of Provence wines pop up

25. Establisher shot of Tom Harrow, wine director of Honest Grapes Wine Club

26. Close of Harrow eyeing the wine

27. SOUNDBITE (English) Tom Harrow, wine director of Honest Grapes:

"There's been a real rise in wine clubs in London and the UK generally of late, and I think this is because people want to engage more with what's in the bottle. It's not just liquid, they want to know the stories behind it, they want to meet the people involved. And there's the sociable aspect, you know wine is fundamentally something which we do with other people."

28. Mid of woman laughing over a glass of wine

29. SOUNDBITE (English) Tom Harrow, wine director of Honest Grapes:

"It's fair to say that we're a bit concerned about the possibilities of Brexit, I think the rising price of the euro against the pound will have a serious effect on quality wine. At the moment more than 60 percent of wine that comes into the UK is shipped in massive great tankers and then bottled over here and that's not something we get involved with. But that becomes the only affordable way if the pound plummets against the euro. So I think that it won't be a good thing initially for the wine consumer because the prices of these small artisan wines will go up."

30. Woman at table with wine

31. SOUNDBITE (English) Tom Harrow, wine director of Honest Grapes:

"All the English wine makers that I speak to say we are half a degree away from being a perfect climate for sparkling wines at least - and even the whites, and to an extent the reds are really coming up. So I have to say it - sorry Al Gore - global warming is a good thing for the UK sparkling wine trade."

32. Various of English rose and white sparkling wines

33. Vermouth being poured into a glass

34. Various of "Regal Rogue" Vermouth bottle

35. Tilt up of Mark Ward, founder of Regal Rogue vermouth, and his produce

36. SOUNDBITE (English) Mark Ward, founder of Regal Rogue vermouth:

"It seemed like a really obvious thing to do, marrying the herbs and spices with this abundance of Australian wine to create a New World style of vermouth. And you know the tradition of vermouth is really led by the European markets. You know, Italian, French, now Spanish - but now there are vermouths coming out of America, the UK, Germany and obviously Australia. So pretty much anywhere where you find wine now, you will find a vermouth of some sort."

37. Crowd of London Wine Week attendees at the Vermouth Bar

38. Mid of vermouth cocktails being made

39. Focus pull of sign reading (English) "Drink Up"

LENGTH: 6:02

LEAD IN:

UK wine industry experts are eyeing the upcoming vote on whether to leave the European Union with mixed feelings.

With producers and suppliers heavily reliant on pan-European trade, many remain unsure how Brexit will impact upon business.

STORY-LINE:

Sparkling wine on a summer's day in the English capital.

Glistening flutes and bottles in abundance, and a crowd of happy lunchtime drinkers add to the atmosphere of excitement and discovery, along with an impromptu game of ping pong.

It must be London Wine Week.

This is the third year of the festival, and this year is the most popular to date.

Festival director Emma Murphy says "It's the largest self-guided wine tasting that there is across London. It's kind of the only event of its kind that we have over here. So we work with 125 bars, restaurants, independent merchants who all get involved" .

But although these flutes of fizz are English sparkling wine, much of the wine the festival goers here are tasting is from EU member states such as France, Spain, Portugal, Italy and Germany.

The June 23 referendum on whether to quit the European Union is fast approaching. So is this something the industry should fear?

"I wouldn't have said so," says Murphy.

"Wine trade has been going for long enough, even long before the euro, so I wouldn't have thought that would make much difference to be honest with you. Hopefully not anyway."

At the festival hub on London's Devonshire Square, there are pop-up bars featuring wines from across Europe.

These two young graduate trainees are enjoying wines from Portugal, and with their festival wristband, it costs them just five British Pounds for a flight of three.

Oscar Stenbom and Anna Rogers both agree that things may well be different if Britain leaves the union.

"If it's more expensive for them to send the wine here, if there's more tariffs, then yeah I guess it would be," says Anna, while Oscar is concerned about regulation and labelling:

"It would also be more difficult to know what you are drinking because there won't be as many restrictions on labelling the wine based on where it's actually from and the grape it's actually come from."

The New Street wine shop has been taken over by the wine festival. They sell wines from all over the world but today they are holding a tasting featuring wines from Ribera del Duero in northern Spain.

Most wine drinkers know about the region of Rioja, but Bettina Lemm is informing these festival goers about the region she represents.

"I think they (wines of Ribera del Duero) are still an emerging market, especially in the UK. The UK is an important market for Ribera del Duero, it's the seventh-largest export market for Ribera del Duero but I think that we're still establishing ourselves."

But if the UK is an important export market, is Brexit going to throw the proverbial spanner into the works? Lemm doesn't seem too worried "I think at the moment we're pretty confident as we've seen year to year that exports have grown. I think that's going to continue and I don't think it's a worry that we have at the moment," she says.

Wine used to have a rather old fashioned reputation and a comparatively elderly demographic, but this has changed enormously in recent years.

The prevalence of wine clubs popping up in the UK is an indicator of wine's increasing popularity.

Tom Harrow of Honest Grapes explains why this is "I think this is because people want to engage more with what's in the bottle. It's not just liquid, they want to know the stories behind it, they want to meet the people involved. And there's the sociable aspect, you know wine is fundamentally something which we do with other people," he says.

With 125 venues across the metropolis taking part in this festival, there's plenty of opportunity to enjoy it with friends.

But with such enthusiasm for wine spreading across the country, June 23 could bring disruption, according to Harrow "It's fair to say that we're a bit concerned about the possibilities of Brexit, I think the rising price of the euro against the pound will have a serious effect on quality wine. At the moment more than 60 percent of wine that comes into the UK is shipped in massive great tankers and bottled over here and that's not something we get involved with. But that becomes the only affordable way if the pound plummets against the euro. So I think that it won't be a good thing initially for the wine consumer because the prices of these small artisan wines will go up" .

However, the future might be bright in other, unexpected ways.

"All the English wine makers that I speak to say we are half a degree away from being a perfect climate for sparkling wines at least," says Harrow, and with apologies to climate change icon Al Gore, he adds that "global warming is a good thing for the UK sparkling wine trade."

Reports by the WSTA (Wine and Spirit Trade Association) suggest there is still some way to go as the UK comes in at number six on the list of sales of sparkling wine by origin - but it's rising year on year.

600 million bottles of wine are bottled in the UK.

This makes the UK wine market the sixth largest in the world, generating 173 billion British pounds of economic activity, according to the WSTA. 10 billion British pounds are made through sales.

Also being showcased here is one of the new kids on the alcohol block, Regal Rogue Vermouth.

According to brand founder Mark Ward, vermouth, by definition, is 75 percent wine. It must have wormwood and it must have an ABV (alcohol by volume) of 15 to 24 percent. These three things have to be in place for a producer to put vermouth on the bottle or it flouts recent EU regulations.

Ward, who was brought up in hospitality, began the project in Australia where he worked closely with top Australian chefs who introduced him to indigenous herbs and spices.

"It seemed like a really obvious thing to do, marrying the herbs and spices with this abundance of Australian wine to create a New World style of vermouth. And you know the tradition of vermouth is really led by the European markets. You know, Italian, French, now Spanish - but now there are vermouths coming out of America, the UK, Germany and obviously Australia. So pretty much anywhere where you find wine now, you will find a vermouth of some sort." he says.

Ward is attempting to educate the wine drinking market which, he believes, is mostly unaware of the fact that vermouth is fundamentally a wine.

This can only be helped by a new pop up for 2016, the Vermouth Bar.

The parent company of London Wine Week is the aptly named "Drink Up London", and they're already preparing for the 2017 event - Brexit or no Brexit.

LEAD IN:

UK wine industry experts are eyeing the upcoming vote on whether to leave the European Union with mixed feelings.

With producers and suppliers heavily reliant on pan-European trade, many remain unsure how Brexit will impact upon business.

STORY-LINE:

Sparkling wine on a summer's day in the English capital.

Glistening flutes and bottles in abundance, and a crowd of happy lunchtime drinkers add to the atmosphere of excitement and discovery, along with an impromptu game of ping pong.

It must be London Wine Week.

This is the third year of the festival, and this year is the most popular to date.

Festival director Emma Murphy says "It's the largest self-guided wine tasting that there is across London. It's kind of the only event of its kind that we have over here. So we work with 125 bars, restaurants, independent merchants who all get involved" .

But although these flutes of fizz are English sparkling wine, much of the wine the festival goers here are tasting is from EU member states such as France, Spain, Portugal, Italy and Germany.

The June 23 referendum on whether to quit the European Union is fast approaching. So is this something the industry should fear?

"I wouldn't have said so," says Murphy.

"Wine trade has been going for long enough, even long before the euro, so I wouldn't have thought that would make much difference to be honest with you. Hopefully not anyway."

At the festival hub on London's Devonshire Square, there are pop-up bars featuring wines from across Europe.

These two young graduate trainees are enjoying wines from Portugal, and with their festival wristband, it costs them just five British Pounds for a flight of three.

Oscar Stenbom and Anna Rogers both agree that things may well be different if Britain leaves the union.

"If it's more expensive for them to send the wine here, if there's more tariffs, then yeah I guess it would be," says Anna, while Oscar is concerned about regulation and labelling:

"It would also be more difficult to know what you are drinking because there won't be as many restrictions on labelling the wine based on where it's actually from and the grape it's actually come from."

The New Street wine shop has been taken over by the wine festival. They sell wines from all over the world but today they are holding a tasting featuring wines from Ribera del Duero in northern Spain.

Most wine drinkers know about the region of Rioja, but Bettina Lemm is informing these festival goers about the region she represents.

"I think they (wines of Ribera del Duero) are still an emerging market, especially in the UK. The UK is an important market for Ribera del Duero, it's the seventh-largest export market for Ribera del Duero but I think that we're still establishing ourselves."

But if the UK is an important export market, is Brexit going to throw the proverbial spanner into the works? Lemm doesn't seem too worried "I think at the moment we're pretty confident as we've seen year to year that exports have grown. I think that's going to continue and I don't think it's a worry that we have at the moment," she says.

Wine used to have a rather old fashioned reputation and a comparatively elderly demographic, but this has changed enormously in recent years.

The prevalence of wine clubs popping up in the UK is an indicator of wine's increasing popularity.

Tom Harrow of Honest Grapes explains why this is "I think this is because people want to engage more with what's in the bottle. It's not just liquid, they want to know the stories behind it, they want to meet the people involved. And there's the sociable aspect, you know wine is fundamentally something which we do with other people," he says.

With 125 venues across the metropolis taking part in this festival, there's plenty of opportunity to enjoy it with friends.

But with such enthusiasm for wine spreading across the country, June 23 could bring disruption, according to Harrow "It's fair to say that we're a bit concerned about the possibilities of Brexit, I think the rising price of the euro against the pound will have a serious effect on quality wine. At the moment more than 60 percent of wine that comes into the UK is shipped in massive great tankers and bottled over here and that's not something we get involved with. But that becomes the only affordable way if the pound plummets against the euro. So I think that it won't be a good thing initially for the wine consumer because the prices of these small artisan wines will go up" .

However, the future might be bright in other, unexpected ways.

"All the English wine makers that I speak to say we are half a degree away from being a perfect climate for sparkling wines at least," says Harrow, and with apologies to climate change icon Al Gore, he adds that "global warming is a good thing for the UK sparkling wine trade."

Reports by the WSTA (Wine and Spirit Trade Association) suggest there is still some way to go as the UK comes in at number six on the list of sales of sparkling wine by origin - but it's rising year on year.

600 million bottles of wine are bottled in the UK.

This makes the UK wine market the sixth largest in the world, generating 173 billion British pounds of economic activity, according to the WSTA. 10 billion British pounds are made through sales.

Also being showcased here is one of the new kids on the alcohol block, Regal Rogue Vermouth.

According to brand founder Mark Ward, vermouth, by definition, is 75 percent wine. It must have wormwood and it must have an ABV (alcohol by volume) of 15 to 24 percent. These three things have to be in place for a producer to put vermouth on the bottle or it flouts recent EU regulations.

Ward, who was brought up in hospitality, began the project in Australia where he worked closely with top Australian chefs who introduced him to indigenous herbs and spices.

"It seemed like a really obvious thing to do, marrying the herbs and spices with this abundance of Australian wine to create a New World style of vermouth. And you know the tradition of vermouth is really led by the European markets. You know, Italian, French, now Spanish - but now there are vermouths coming out of America, the UK, Germany and obviously Australia. So pretty much anywhere where you find wine now, you will find a vermouth of some sort." he says.

Ward is attempting to educate the wine drinking market which, he believes, is mostly unaware of the fact that vermouth is fundamentally a wine.

This can only be helped by a new pop up for 2016, the Vermouth Bar.

The parent company of London Wine Week is the aptly named "Drink Up London", and they're already preparing for the 2017 event - Brexit or no Brexit.

AP Television

London - 27 May 2016

1. Close of wine glasses

2. Bartender pouring sparkling wine

3. Tilt down on central courtyard at Devonshire Square, the hub for London Wine Week

4. Group of friends enjoying English sparkling wine

5. Men playing table tennis

6. Sign reading (English) "London Wine Week"

7. Set up shot of Emma Murphy, director of London Wine Week

8. SOUNDBITE (English) Emma Murphy, director of London Wine Week

"What's unique about it? It's the largest self-guided wine tasting that there is across London. It's kind of the only event of its kind that we have over here. So we work with 125 bars, restaurants, independent merchants who all get involved whether that's with offers, special menus or ticketed events across the week."

9. Two women with wine flight selection

10. SOUNDBITE (English) Emma Murphy, director of London Wine Week

(Responding to the question Do you think a Brexit will affect the wine industry negatively?)

"I wouldn't have said so, because I mean, I think, you know, wine trade has been going for long enough, even long before the euro, so I wouldn't have thought that would make much difference to be honest with you. Hopefully not anyway."

11. Sign reading (English) "Pop into our pop up wine bars"

12. Various of Portuguese wine pop up

13. Mid of graduate trainees in insurance Oscar Stenpom and Anna Rogers

14. Flight of Portuguese wines

15. SOUNDBITE (English) Oscar Stenbom and Anna Rogers, Insurance Graduate Trainees:

(Responding to question Do you think a Brexit will mean it will be more difficult for people to access quality wine?)

Stenbom: "Yes,"

Rogers: "I guess so, I mean if it's more expensive for them to send the wine here, if there's more tariffs, then yeah I guess it would be."

Stenbom: "It would also be more difficult to know what you're drinking, because there won't be as many restrictions on labelling the wine based on where it's actually from and the grape it's actually come from."

16. Pull focus of Spanish wine labels

17. Vintage bottles of fortified wine

18. Side view of Spanish wine bottles

19. Set up shot of Bettina Lemm with wines from Ribera del Duero in northern Spain

20. SOUNDBITE (English) Bettina Lemm, Westbury Communications (which represents the Ribera del Duero region in the UK):

"I think they (wines of Ribera del Duero) are still an emerging market, especially in the UK. The UK is an important market for Ribera del Duero, it's the seventh-largest export market for Ribera del Duero, but I think that we're still establishing ourselves. A lot of people know some big names from the region, and we're just trying to bring attention to some other grape producers who might not yet have the same recognition."

21. Close of wine labels

22. SOUNDBITE (English) Bettina Lemm, Westbury Communications (who represent the Ribera del Duero region in the UK):

(Responding to the question are you worried about the possibility of a Brexit affecting your export market?)

"I think at the moment we're pretty confident, as we've seen year to year that exports have grown. I think that's going to continue and I don't think it's a worry that we have at the moment."

23. Pan from mediaeval knight sculpture to pop up courtyard

24. Mid of Provence wines pop up

25. Establisher shot of Tom Harrow, wine director of Honest Grapes Wine Club

26. Close of Harrow eyeing the wine

27. SOUNDBITE (English) Tom Harrow, wine director of Honest Grapes:

"There's been a real rise in wine clubs in London and the UK generally of late, and I think this is because people want to engage more with what's in the bottle. It's not just liquid, they want to know the stories behind it, they want to meet the people involved. And there's the sociable aspect, you know wine is fundamentally something which we do with other people."

28. Mid of woman laughing over a glass of wine

29. SOUNDBITE (English) Tom Harrow, wine director of Honest Grapes:

"It's fair to say that we're a bit concerned about the possibilities of Brexit, I think the rising price of the euro against the pound will have a serious effect on quality wine. At the moment more than 60 percent of wine that comes into the UK is shipped in massive great tankers and then bottled over here and that's not something we get involved with. But that becomes the only affordable way if the pound plummets against the euro. So I think that it won't be a good thing initially for the wine consumer because the prices of these small artisan wines will go up."

30. Woman at table with wine

31. SOUNDBITE (English) Tom Harrow, wine director of Honest Grapes:

"All the English wine makers that I speak to say we are half a degree away from being a perfect climate for sparkling wines at least - and even the whites, and to an extent the reds are really coming up. So I have to say it - sorry Al Gore - global warming is a good thing for the UK sparkling wine trade."

32. Various of English rose and white sparkling wines

33. Vermouth being poured into a glass

34. Various of "Regal Rogue" Vermouth bottle

35. Tilt up of Mark Ward, founder of Regal Rogue vermouth, and his produce

36. SOUNDBITE (English) Mark Ward, founder of Regal Rogue vermouth:

"It seemed like a really obvious thing to do, marrying the herbs and spices with this abundance of Australian wine to create a New World style of vermouth. And you know the tradition of vermouth is really led by the European markets. You know, Italian, French, now Spanish - but now there are vermouths coming out of America, the UK, Germany and obviously Australia. So pretty much anywhere where you find wine now, you will find a vermouth of some sort."

37. Crowd of London Wine Week attendees at the Vermouth Bar

38. Mid of vermouth cocktails being made

39. Focus pull of sign reading (English) "Drink Up"

LENGTH: 6:02

LEAD IN:

For decades Britain's discontent over its European Union (EU) membership has simmered on, but then came the June referendum.

Nationalism surfaced and Britain's voted to leave the EU.

Brexit as it became known sent shockwaves through money markets and governments around the world.

STORY-LINE:

In the weeks running up to referendum judgement day, the British were busy with a little soul searching.

Mulling over their shared history, the country's pride in their democracy and heritage.

It was a year when Queen Elizabeth celebrated being the longest reigning UK monarch and the country celebrated her ninetieth birthday.

The pomp and ceremony from her recent jubilee were still a source of pride and were reminiscent of the heydays when London style was considered to be world leading.

In the 1960's British fashion and British pop were riding high.

That sense of being at the vanguard of style has continued, according to Robert Johnston the Fashion Director of GQ Magazine: "You also think street scene, you think east London, you think hipsters, you think the most vibrant street fashion possibly in the world."

Author Iain Aitch explained how a variety of heritages were now mixed up, making Britishness a more complex idea to communicate: "Everyone might say a Sunday roast or fish and chips, that's a quintessentially British meal, but then suddenly everyone says it's chicken tikka masala."

But it wasn't this hipster, Brick Lane art and curry house side of Britain that won the vote.

The referendum on June 23rd was to signal the start of a long debate.

Britons for the first time had to absorb what being outside of the EU looked like.

Britain joined what was then called the European Economic Community in January 1973.

This was ratified by a referendum in 1975 with a resounding 67% majority.

By the seventies, Britain was beset by strikes and disgruntled union workers.

Traditional industries such as manufacturing and coal were in decline in the mid seventies.

Unemployment exceeded one million for the first time in March 1975. By the August that figure had increased to 1.25 million.

Some 83,000 immigrants were living in the UK by 1975, mostly from the Commonwealth.

According to Migration Watch UK for the year ending December 2015, net migration to the UK was 333,000.

And the lady had yet to turn. Margaret Thatcher MP (then leader of the opposition) campaigned to stay in the European Economic Community.

Later as prime minister between 1979 and 1990, Thatcher was known for her tough line with Brussels, especially during negotiations for the Maastrict Treaty in 1992.

The city of Maastrict is the home of the treaty which created the EU.

As summer arrived, businesses, leading universities and research establishments were beginning to assess the impact of Brexit.

For science and medicine, concerns were two fold.

Britain had attracted thousands of top researchers as well as billions of Euros in grants.

They went into research like this at Kings College London.

This project is a multidisciplinary look at the potential causes and effects of autism. It's a long term project which is linked to other studies across Europe.

Doctors and scientists aren't worried about losing cash in the short term, but falling behind in the knowledge race in the long term, especially as Britain has sought to place itself as a central base for the new industrial technologies.

The other fear is losing the brains which have been drawn to British research, people who now fear they will need to move to other institutions to keep up with the cash and the research.

Lead scientist at King's College Professor Declan Murphy warned: "Big questions need big populations to come up with the right answers, and we simply cannot deliver the amount of patients for the amount of science from one centre from one country."

The EU's Horizon 2020 budget is 80-billion Euro which funds medicine and science research across Europe.

Britain's split from the EU will leave a funding gap as well as a brain drain, according to Murphy. He argues it will be the children with autism like Van Velzen who will lose out.

As an island nation, boat building and sales have been important to the UK.

The industry fears rough waters may be ahead for Britain's luxury yacht industry, but right now it's riding on a wave caused by the plunge in the pound's value.

Phil Popham, the CEO of Sunseeker International was cautious: "We've benefited because of the weakness of the pound, but its all about business confidence."

Others like Russell Currie, the Managing Director of Fairline Yachts, says he already had cause to worry: "We've had an overnight decrease in the price of our boats in areas such as the European market."

British Marine's chief executive Howard Pridding tried to show more confidence in the course ahead: "Obviously, industry and business need stability and the time it will take to exit from the European Union will be problematic."

An estimated 1.2 million Britons live in other EU countries, mostly France, Portugal and Spain according to Britain's House of Commons library.

But that's a conservative figure because many expats don't bother registering with their embassies or the local authorities.

At Mijas on Spain's Costa del Sol, many Brits don't want to return to Blighty.

Used to the sun, sea and cafe society, some British residents are so concerned that their lives on the Costas are threatened, that after many years they're finally learning to speak Spanish.

According to Mijas' Mayor Juan Carlos Maldonado: "When the results of the Brexit (referendum) were known, a big uncertainty was created."

Local traders are also keen to keep the British on the Costa.

Many are retired and spend their pensions here.

Bar owner Sergio Morales says: "Most of our clients here, around 80% of them, are British."

A cloud of uncertainty still hangs over British expats in Spain and elsewhere in Europe.

And it's possible a string of similar nationality schools for expats may spring up.

Not everyone was bemoaning the onset of Brexit.

The art and antique market experienced a mini boom according to London dealers at this winter fair.

The weak pound against the dollar and Euro has seen American collectors in particular start to snap up bargains with savings of beween 25 and 30 per cent compared with six months ago.

Art dealers are reporting a similar trend.

They say investors see the arts market as a safe refuge in uncertain times.

As Christmas approaches the toy industry is bracing itself and Santa is wondering whether he'll have much to be jolly about.

It's the time of year when manufacturers and retailers count on making their biggest cash bonus of the year.

According to industry analyst Frederique Tutt: "Since the Brexit vote the toy market has been faring really well with an increase of three percent."

That's because toy retailers buy stock almost a year in advance and can keep prices stable, but the toy dealers here admit next year the stockings left out for Father Chrismas may have shrunk considerably.

There's nothing as Christmassy as a Christmas tree, but in Denmark the outlook for tree producers isn't quite so evergreen.

According to the Danish Christmas Tree Association, the small Scandinavian country grows around 11.5 million trees a year.

About 9.5 million of those are exported.

But these are challenging times and currency fluctuations are having an effect on trade.

Speaking about his members, Claus Jerram Christensen of the Danish Christmas Tree Association says: "They have experienced that the low exchange rate for the sterling pound makes it more difficult to achieve the same prices."

The true impact of Brexit on Britain and Europe as a whole is still to an extent unknown.

The UK government had announced it was to trigger Article 50 next March to start negotiations to leave EU.

But since then, Brexit has twice been contested in the High Court.

One ruling has already stated Britain's law makers should be allowed a vote in Parliament beforehand.

Breaking up, it seems, really is hard to do.

AP Television

London, UK - 22 February 2016

1. Wide of UK Houses of Parliament as London bus passes

2. Close of clock face at the top of Elizabeth Tower, which houses Big Ben

AP Television

London, UK - 16 June 2016

3. Wide of Big Ben as seen from Buckingham Palace

4. Wide of Buckingham Palace

POOL

London, UK - 3 June 2012

5. Queen Elizabeth II with Prince Philip (centre), Charles (left) and Camilla (right) on royal barge during Diamond Jubilee celebrations

6. Mid of Duke and Duchess of Cambridge and Prince Harry on royal barge

7. Pull out of royal barge sailing down River Thames during Diamond Jubilee celebrations

AP Television

London, UK - 11 June, 2016

8. Mid of Queen Elizabeth II in carriage during the Trooping of the Colour for her 90th birthday celebrations

9. Wide of Guardsmen in ceremonial marching during the celebrations

AP Television

London, UK - 1960s

++BLACK AND WHITE FOOTAGE / MUTE++

++4:3++

10. Close tilt down of man putting shirt in carrier bag

11. Wide of man by scooters

UNIVERSAL ARCHIVES

London, UK - 31 October 1963

++BLACK AND WHITE FOOTAGE / MUTE++

++4:3++

12. Various of Beatles getting off plane in London

AP Television

London, UK - 7 June 2016

++16:9++

13. SOUNDBITE (English) Robert Johnston, Fashion Director, GQ Magazine UK

"You also think street scene, you think east London, you think hipsters, you think the most vibrant street fashion possibly in the world."

AP Television

London, UK - 3 July 2012

14. Punk and goth street fashion in Camden

AP Television

London, UK - 16 June, 2016

15. Hipster in Brick Lane cafe

16. Pull focus of street sign reading: (English) "Brick Lane E1"

17. Various of curry houses on Brick Lane

AP Television

Margate, UK - 8 June 2016

18. Various of Margate beach and people relaxing in sunshine

19. SOUNDBITE (English) Iain Aitch, Author:

"Everyone might say a Sunday roast or fish and chips, that's a quintessentially British meal, but then suddenly everyone says it's chicken tikka masala."

20. Various of takeaway fish and chips being served

AP Television

London, United Kingdom, April 30, 1973 (MUTE)

++4:3++

21. Red buses on a London street

AP Television

London, United Kingdom, September 24, 1973 (MUTE)

++4:3++

22. Tilt down of Ford workers walking out of various plants

23. Wide of Ford cars on a train

24. Various men take part in industrial action at Ford plant

AP Television

United Kingdom, February 10, 1974 - no exact location available

++4:3++

25. Various of non functioning coal mines during national coal strike

AP Television

London, United Kingdom, June 3, 1975 (MUTE)

++4:3++

26. Mid of Margaret Thatcher wearing a flags-of-Europe sweater, flanked by women also wearing pro-Europe sweaters

AP Television

Maastricht, Netherlands - 7 June 2016

++16:9++

27. Clocktower of Maastricht town hall with EU, Limburg and Maastricht flags

28. Wide of streets in the town

AP Television

London, UK - 7 July 2016

29. Various of autistic teenager Rens Van Velzen completing other puzzles with black and yellow blocks against the clock

30. Close tilt down of the psychologist on the autism study at Kings College London timing Rens Van Velzen during test

31. Close of Van Velzen

32. SOUNDBITE (English) Professor Declan Murphy lead scientist, EU Aims study on autism, Kings College London:

"Big questions need big populations to come up with the right answers, and we simply cannot deliver the amount of patients for the amount of science from one centre or from one country."

33. Various of Van Velzen being tested in eye tracking unit at Kings College London

AP Television

Southampton, UK - 16 September 2016

34. Wide of Southampton Boat Show 2016, cruise ship in background

35. Tilt down to pontoon, boats and visitors

36. Close of 'Sunseeker' flag

37. Various of Sunseeker 95 Yacht exterior

38. SOUNDBITE (English) Phil Popham, CEO of Sunseeker International:

"We've benefited because of the weakness of the pound, but its all about business confidence."

39. Various of Fairline yacht

40. SOUNDBITE (English) Russell Currie, Managing Director of Fairline Yachts:

"We've had an overnight decrease in the price of our boats in areas such as the European market

41. Zoom out from cruise ship docked near boat show

42. SOUNDBITE (English) Howard Pridding, Chief Executive of British Marine:

"Industry and business need stability and the time it will take to exit from the European Union will be problematic"

AP Television

Mijas, Malaga - October 6, 2016

43. Wide of coastal area of Mijas

44. Pan of typical apartments in the area and people walking by the sea side

45. Various of British pensioners taking Spanish classes in the Parnell School

46. Various of Juan Mayor Carlos Maldonado in his office

47. SOUNDBITE (Spanish) Juan Carlos Maldonado, Mayor of Mijas:

"When the results of the Brexit (referendum) were known, a big uncertainty was created."

48. Various of family walking near beach

49. Pan from people walking up steps from the beach to the owner of Royal Beach cafe talking

50. SOUNDBITE (Spanish) Sergio Morales, co-owner of Royal Beach bar in Mijas:

"Most of our clients here, around 80% of them, are British."

AP Television

London, UK - 1 November 2016

51. Pull focus of bronze Japanese archer

52. Mid of men admiring antique chandelier

53. Art dealer Tanya Baxter showing painting to visitor

54. Close tilt down of painting 'Paper Bride in Waiting' by Zeng Chuanxing (price £120,000/ USD 147,000)

55. Wide of antique clock stand

AP Television

London, UK - 9 November 2016

56. Mid of Tiana Wilson with Santa who is holding a Hatchimal waiting for the toy to hatch

57. Wide of girl playing with toy on chair

58. Mid zoom in to boys playing with Bluetooth Furbys

59. Low mid view of caterpillar going past boys and Furbys

60. SOUNDBITE (English) Frederique Tutt, toy industry analyst, NPD:

"Since the Brexit vote the toy market has been faring really well with an increase of three percent."

AP Television

Lundby, Denmark - 22 November 2016

61. Mid tilt up of Christmas tree plantation

62. Wide of plantation through tops of trees

AP Television

Copenhagen, Denmark - 21 November 2016

63. SOUNDBITE (English) Claus Jerram Christensen, Managing Director of the Danish Christmas Tree Association:

"The low exchange rate for the sterling pound makes it more difficult to achieve the same prices."

64. Mid of large container truck filled with trees pulling out of yard stacked with trees

65. Pan across field of Christmas tree saplings for 2018 and beyond

WORLD BREXIT REVIEW

SOURCE: AP HORIZONS, LIFESTYLE, HEALTH AND TECHNOLOGY / POOL

RESTRICTIONS: HORIZONS CLIENTS AND AP LIFESTYLE, HEALTH AND TECHNOLOGY CLIENTS ONLY

LENGTH: 6.44

SHOTLIST:

AP Television

London, UK - 22 February 2016

1. Wide of UK Houses of Parliament as London bus passes

2. Close of clock face at the top of Elizabeth Tower, which houses Big Ben

AP Television

London, UK - 16 June 2016

3. Wide of Big Ben as seen from Buckingham Palace

4. Wide of Buckingham Palace

POOL

London, UK - 3 June 2012

5. Queen Elizabeth II with Prince Philip (centre), Charles (left) and Camilla (right) on royal barge during Diamond Jubilee celebrations

6. Mid of Duke and Duchess of Cambridge and Prince Harry on royal barge

7. Pull out of royal barge sailing down River Thames during Diamond Jubilee celebrations

AP Television

London, UK - 11 June, 2016

8. Mid of Queen Elizabeth II in carriage during the Trooping of the Colour for her 90th birthday celebrations

9. Wide of Guardsmen in ceremonial marching during the celebrations

AP Television

London, UK - 1960s

++BLACK AND WHITE FOOTAGE / MUTE++

++4:3++

10. Close tilt down of man putting shirt in carrier bag

11. Wide of man by scooters

UNIVERSAL ARCHIVES

London, UK - 31 October 1963

++BLACK AND WHITE FOOTAGE / MUTE++

++4:3++

12. Various of Beatles getting off plane in London

AP Television

London, UK - 7 June 2016

++16:9++

13. SOUNDBITE (English) Robert Johnston, Fashion Director, GQ Magazine UK

"You also think street scene, you think east London, you think hipsters, you think the most vibrant street fashion possibly in the world."

AP Television

London, UK - 3 July 2012

14. Punk and goth street fashion in Camden

AP Television

London, UK - 16 June, 2016

15. Hipster in Brick Lane cafe

16. Pull focus of street sign reading: (English) "Brick Lane E1"

17. Various of curry houses on Brick Lane

AP Television

Margate, UK - 8 June 2016

18. Various of Margate beach and people relaxing in sunshine

19. SOUNDBITE (English) Iain Aitch, Author:

"Everyone might say a Sunday roast or fish and chips, that's a quintessentially British meal, but then suddenly everyone says it's chicken tikka masala."

20. Various of takeaway fish and chips being served

AP Television

London, United Kingdom, April 30, 1973 (MUTE)

++4:3++

21. Red buses on a London street

AP Television

London, United Kingdom, September 24, 1973 (MUTE)

++4:3++

22. Tilt down of Ford workers walking out of various plants

23. Wide of Ford cars on a train

24. Various men take part in industrial action at Ford plant

AP Television

United Kingdom, February 10, 1974 - no exact location available

++4:3++

25. Various of non functioning coal mines during national coal strike

AP Television

London, United Kingdom, June 3, 1975 (MUTE)

++4:3++

26. Mid of Margaret Thatcher wearing a flags-of-Europe sweater, flanked by women also wearing pro-Europe sweaters

AP Television

Maastricht, Netherlands - 7 June 2016

++16:9++

27. Clocktower of Maastricht town hall with EU, Limburg and Maastricht flags

28. Wide of streets in the town

AP Television

London, UK - 7 July 2016

29. Various of autistic teenager Rens Van Velzen completing other puzzles with black and yellow blocks against the clock

30. Close tilt down of the psychologist on the autism study at Kings College London timing Rens Van Velzen during test

31. Close of Van Velzen

32. SOUNDBITE (English) Professor Declan Murphy lead scientist, EU Aims study on autism, Kings College London:

"Big questions need big populations to come up with the right answers, and we simply cannot deliver the amount of patients for the amount of science from one centre or from one country."

33. Various of Van Velzen being tested in eye tracking unit at Kings College London

AP Television

Southampton, UK - 16 September 2016

34. Wide of Southampton Boat Show 2016, cruise ship in background

35. Tilt down to pontoon, boats and visitors

36. Close of 'Sunseeker' flag

37. Various of Sunseeker 95 Yacht exterior

38. SOUNDBITE (English) Phil Popham, CEO of Sunseeker International:

"We've benefited because of the weakness of the pound, but its all about business confidence."

39. Various of Fairline yacht

40. SOUNDBITE (English) Russell Currie, Managing Director of Fairline Yachts:

"We've had an overnight decrease in the price of our boats in areas such as the European market

41. Zoom out from cruise ship docked near boat show

42. SOUNDBITE (English) Howard Pridding, Chief Executive of British Marine:

"Industry and business need stability and the time it will take to exit from the European Union will be problematic"

AP Television

Mijas, Malaga - October 6, 2016

43. Wide of coastal area of Mijas

44. Pan of typical apartments in the area and people walking by the sea side

45. Various of British pensioners taking Spanish classes in the Parnell School

46. Various of Juan Mayor Carlos Maldonado in his office

47. SOUNDBITE (Spanish) Juan Carlos Maldonado, Mayor of Mijas:

"When the results of the Brexit (referendum) were known, a big uncertainty was created."

48. Various of family walking near beach

49. Pan from people walking up steps from the beach to the owner of Royal Beach cafe talking

50. SOUNDBITE (Spanish) Sergio Morales, co-owner of Royal Beach bar in Mijas:

"Most of our clients here, around 80% of them, are British."

AP Television

London, UK - 1 November 2016

51. Pull focus of bronze Japanese archer

52. Mid of men admiring antique chandelier

53. Art dealer Tanya Baxter showing painting to visitor

54. Close tilt down of painting 'Paper Bride in Waiting' by Zeng Chuanxing (price £120,000/ USD 147,000)

55. Wide of antique clock stand

AP Television

London, UK - 9 November 2016

56. Mid of Tiana Wilson with Santa who is holding a Hatchimal waiting for the toy to hatch

57. Wide of girl playing with toy on chair

58. Mid zoom in to boys playing with Bluetooth Furbys

59. Low mid view of caterpillar going past boys and Furbys

60. SOUNDBITE (English) Frederique Tutt, toy industry analyst, NPD:

"Since the Brexit vote the toy market has been faring really well with an increase of three percent."

AP Television

Lundby, Denmark - 22 November 2016

61. Mid tilt up of Christmas tree plantation

62. Wide of plantation through tops of trees

AP Television

Copenhagen, Denmark - 21 November 2016

63. SOUNDBITE (English) Claus Jerram Christensen, Managing Director of the Danish Christmas Tree Association:

"The low exchange rate for the sterling pound makes it more difficult to achieve the same prices."

64. Mid of large container truck filled with trees pulling out of yard stacked with trees

65. Pan across field of Christmas tree saplings for 2018 and beyond

LEADIN:

For decades Britain's discontent over its European Union (EU) membership has simmered on, but then came the June referendum.

Nationalism surfaced and Britain's voted to leave the EU.

Brexit as it became known sent shockwaves through money markets and governments around the world.

STORYLINE:

In the weeks running up to referendum judgement day, the British were busy with a little soul searching.

Mulling over their shared history, the country's pride in their democracy and heritage.

It was a year when Queen Elizabeth celebrated being the longest reigning UK monarch and the country celebrated her ninetieth birthday.

The pomp and ceremony from her recent jubilee were still a source of pride and were reminiscent of the heydays when London style was considered to be world leading.

In the 1960's British fashion and British pop were riding high.

That sense of being at the vanguard of style has continued, according to Robert Johnston the Fashion Director of GQ Magazine: "You also think street scene, you think east London, you think hipsters, you think the most vibrant street fashion possibly in the world."

Author Iain Aitch explained how a variety of heritages were now mixed up, making Britishness a more complex idea to communicate: "Everyone might say a Sunday roast or fish and chips, that's a quintessentially British meal, but then suddenly everyone says it's chicken tikka masala."

But it wasn't this hipster, Brick Lane art and curry house side of Britain that won the vote.

The referendum on June 23rd was to signal the start of a long debate.

Britons for the first time had to absorb what being outside of the EU looked like.

Britain joined what was then called the European Economic Community in January 1973.

This was ratified by a referendum in 1975 with a resounding 67% majority.

By the seventies, Britain was beset by strikes and disgruntled union workers.

Traditional industries such as manufacturing and coal were in decline in the mid seventies.

Unemployment exceeded one million for the first time in March 1975. By the August that figure had increased to 1.25 million.

Some 83,000 immigrants were living in the UK by 1975, mostly from the Commonwealth.

According to Migration Watch UK for the year ending December 2015, net migration to the UK was 333,000.

And the lady had yet to turn. Margaret Thatcher MP (then leader of the opposition) campaigned to stay in the European Economic Community.

Later as prime minister between 1979 and 1990, Thatcher was known for her tough line with Brussels, especially during negotiations for the Maastrict Treaty in 1992.

The city of Maastrict is the home of the treaty which created the EU.

As summer arrived, businesses, leading universities and research establishments were beginning to assess the impact of Brexit.

For science and medicine, concerns were two fold.

Britain had attracted thousands of top researchers as well as billions of Euros in grants.

They went into research like this at Kings College London.

This project is a multidisciplinary look at the potential causes and effects of autism. It's a long term project which is linked to other studies across Europe.

Doctors and scientists aren't worried about losing cash in the short term, but falling behind in the knowledge race in the long term, especially as Britain has sought to place itself as a central base for the new industrial technologies.

The other fear is losing the brains which have been drawn to British research, people who now fear they will need to move to other institutions to keep up with the cash and the research.

Lead scientist at King's College Professor Declan Murphy warned: "Big questions need big populations to come up with the right answers, and we simply cannot deliver the amount of patients for the amount of science from one centre from one country."

The EU's Horizon 2020 budget is 80-billion Euro which funds medicine and science research across Europe.

Britain's split from the EU will leave a funding gap as well as a brain drain, according to Murphy. He argues it will be the children with autism like Van Velzen who will lose out.

As an island nation, boat building and sales have been important to the UK.

The industry fears rough waters may be ahead for Britain's luxury yacht industry, but right now it's riding on a wave caused by the plunge in the pound's value.

Phil Popham, the CEO of Sunseeker International was cautious: "We've benefited because of the weakness of the pound, but its all about business confidence."

Others like Russell Currie, the Managing Director of Fairline Yachts, says he already had cause to worry: "We've had an overnight decrease in the price of our boats in areas such as the European market."

British Marine's chief executive Howard Pridding tried to show more confidence in the course ahead: "Obviously, industry and business need stability and the time it will take to exit from the European Union will be problematic."

An estimated 1.2 million Britons live in other EU countries, mostly France, Portugal and Spain according to Britain's House of Commons library.

But that's a conservative figure because many expats don't bother registering with their embassies or the local authorities.

At Mijas on Spain's Costa del Sol, many Brits don't want to return to Blighty.

Used to the sun, sea and cafe society, some British residents are so concerned that their lives on the Costas are threatened, that after many years they're finally learning to speak Spanish.

According to Mijas' Mayor Juan Carlos Maldonado: "When the results of the Brexit (referendum) were known, a big uncertainty was created."

Local traders are also keen to keep the British on the Costa.

Many are retired and spend their pensions here.

Bar owner Sergio Morales says: "Most of our clients here, around 80% of them, are British."

A cloud of uncertainty still hangs over British expats in Spain and elsewhere in Europe.

And it's possible a string of similar nationality schools for expats may spring up.

Not everyone was bemoaning the onset of Brexit.

The art and antique market experienced a mini boom according to London dealers at this winter fair.

The weak pound against the dollar and Euro has seen American collectors in particular start to snap up bargains with savings of beween 25 and 30 per cent compared with six months ago.

Art dealers are reporting a similar trend.

They say investors see the arts market as a safe refuge in uncertain times.

As Christmas approaches the toy industry is bracing itself and Santa is wondering whether he'll have much to be jolly about.

It's the time of year when manufacturers and retailers count on making their biggest cash bonus of the year.

According to industry analyst Frederique Tutt: "Since the Brexit vote the toy market has been faring really well with an increase of three percent."

That's because toy retailers buy stock almost a year in advance and can keep prices stable, but the toy dealers here admit next year the stockings left out for Father Chrismas may have shrunk considerably.

There's nothing as Christmassy as a Christmas tree, but in Denmark the outlook for tree producers isn't quite so evergreen.

According to the Danish Christmas Tree Association, the small Scandinavian country grows around 11.5 million trees a year.

About 9.5 million of those are exported.

But these are challenging times and currency fluctuations are having an effect on trade.

Speaking about his members, Claus Jerram Christensen of the Danish Christmas Tree Association says: "They have experienced that the low exchange rate for the sterling pound makes it more difficult to achieve the same prices."

The true impact of Brexit on Britain and Europe as a whole is still to an extent unknown.

The UK government had announced it was to trigger Article 50 next March to start negotiations to leave EU.

But since then, Brexit has twice been contested in the High Court.

One ruling has already stated Britain's law makers should be allowed a vote in Parliament beforehand.

Breaking up, it seems, really is hard to do.

====

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