Author Thomas Harding is in the process of doing what the descendants of many Holocaust victims would find unimaginable: applying for a German passport.

When Britain voted to leave the European Union in June, the 48-year-old had to make a decision that was never necessary before the referendum - should he request the restoration of German citizenship stripped from his family by the Third Reich? He needed only a few hours to make up his mind.

“This is more than the practical, this is also about something for us, or for me, it's about something spiritual, it's about reconciliation,’’ he said. “It's about acknowledging the truth of the horrors of the past but also about trying to build a better future together, and as a European, that's what I hope to do."

It is one of the complicated realities of the UK’s pending divorce from the EU that many Britons whose ancestors came from other parts of Europe are claiming citizenship in other member states so they can retain ties to the Continent. Inquiries about passports are up at the German, Austrian, French and Polish embassies.

Some want to retain the ability to travel easily from country to country or maintain business ties. Others just want to be part of the European Union.

But for Jews whose families fled Germany to escape Adolf Hitler, the decision means re-examining long-held beliefs about history and the country that once persecuted them.

The children and grandchildren of Jewish refugees are taking advantage of a law that allows the descendants of people persecuted by the Nazis to regain the citizenship that was stripped from them in the 1930s and 1940s. More than 400 Britons have sought information about the law since the June 23 referendum, and German authorities have received at least 100 formal applications, compared with about 20 annually in recent years.

Michael Newman, chief executive of the Association of Jewish Refugees, said Brexit has fuelled interest in German citizenship, but it’s hard to know how many people will actually apply. Jews are now able to consider such a step because Germany has made huge strides in addressing the past, creating a culture of remembrance, he said.

“No amount of blood money or memorials will satisfy or suffice for some people but in terms of addressing its past and owning up to it and looking into things, it's done much that many other countries haven't,’’ said Newman.

Many of those seeking restoration of their citizenship don’t intend to live in Germany, but want the freedom to travel and work in EU nations.

Ben Lewis, a 49-year-old documentary filmmaker, is among those who would like to regain German citizenship.

Lewis, whose film and production company has worked for years on the continent, sees the potential of Brexit as an abomination, particularly the anti-immigrant sentiment that influenced many people to vote to leave.

“I just want to take a firm stance, a documented stance etched in acid on stone, that I object to Brexit," he said.

The decision for many might have been prompted by Brexit, but had been years in the making for some. Harding, for one, has long been coming to terms with his German past, a journey documented in part in his book, “The House by the Lake.’’

The way Harding sees it, Germany is now showing leadership by taking in over a million refugees.

As the result of the EU referendum became clear on the morning of June 24, Harding was on the phone to the German embassy to inquire about citizenship.

It’s logical, he says, for Jews to cling to the EU, which was created to build international links that would make another European war impossible.

“It was much less about saying goodbye to Britain than saying hello to Europe," he said.

London - 5 October 2016

1. Pan down from German and European Union flags to entrance of German Embassy in London

2. Various of flags

3. Mid of author Thomas Harding sitting on grass looking at passport that belonged to his German Jewish grandfather

4. Close of Harding's face

5. Various of passport

6. SOUNDBITE (English) Thomas Harding, author, in the process of applying for restoration of German passport following Brexit vote:

"This is more than the practical, this is also about something for us, or for me, it's about something spiritual, it's about reconciliation. It's about acknowledging the truth of the horrors of the past but also about trying to build a better future together, and as a European, that's what I hope to do."

7. Cutaway passport and photo of Harding's grandparents

8. SOUNDBITE (English) Thomas Harding, author, in the process of applying for restoration of German passport following Brexit vote:

"I think what has happened to me is I have become much more open towards Germany and at the same time following Brexit, I realised that there was going to be a very real loss. It was likely that me and my family would be unable to live and work in 27 countries in Europe and given the fact that I didn't have to give up my British passport, I didn't have to live in Germany by necessity or learn German, show I could speak German, it didn't seem like there was anything to lose and so for me, it was much less about saying goodbye to Britain than saying hello to Europe."

9. Harding flicking through passport

10. Mid of exhibit of Jewish Museum in London

11. Soft focus, yellow star that Jews were forced to wear in Nazi Germany

12. Set up of documentary maker Ben Lewis

13. Close of Lewis looking at museum exhibit

14. SOUNDBITE (English) Ben Lewis, documentary maker, in the process of applying for restoration of German passport following Brexit vote:

"Well, it was immediately after Brexit I thought the restoration of German citizenship was something that I wanted, because before Brexit I was part of the EU anyway. I was a European, I was deeply engaged in German culture from the age of 14 when I first started learning German, and in a way my whole life was orientated around creating links around rebuilding, if you like, as a Jew, links between myself, in Britain and German culture."

15. Cutaway hands

16. SOUNDBITE (English) Ben Lewis, documentary maker, in the process of applying for restoration of German passport following Brexit vote:

"I have many motivations for wanting to get German citizenship. I am thinking a lot about my child, I want him to have the same advantages in life that I had, you know, to be able to play on a European field. I've worked all over Europe in my life. I love Berlin - I could imagine living there. Perhaps that would happen in the future. And I just want to take a firm stance, a documented stance, something etched in acid on stone, that I object to Brexit."

17. Set up shot of Michael Newman, chief executive of the Association of Jewish Refugees

18. Newman typing

19. SOUNDBITE (English) Michael Newman, chief executive of the Association of Jewish Refugees:

"Well I think this is uppermost in the minds of the government that they are not going to walk away from any post Holocaust responsibilities and I think most people would look at what Germany has done since the Second World War in terms of addressing its past, the culture of remembrance, the educational resources, it's committed to teaching about the holocaust and see that what it has done has been leading the way and if you look at issues like restitution, archive, opening archives, documentation centres, even opening and creating museums, they are, they're leading the way in many respects in dealing with their history. It remains of course very subjective because no amount of blood, money or memorials will satisfy or suffice for some people but in terms of addressing its past and owning up to it and looking into things, it's done much that many other countries haven't."

20. Wide of German Embassy entrance for public

21. Close of entrance

22. Sign reading 'Welcome' in German and English

Financial entrepreneur Gina Miller's lawsuit begins with a simple question: can Prime Minister Theresa May start negotiating Britain's exit from the European Union without an act of Parliament?

But the suit, described by some legal experts as the U.K.'s most important constitutional case in decades, seeks to answer much bigger questions about where power lies in this nation's democracy and whether rights can be revoked without a vote of lawmakers.

May says the June 23 referendum on EU membership gave her a mandate to take Britain out of the bloc and that discussing the details of her strategy with Parliament would weaken the government's negotiating position.

May has announced plans to invoke Article 50 of the EU treaty, starting talks on Britain's future relationship with the single market, by the end March.

The lawsuit, hearings on which begin Thursday at the High Court in London, could derail those plans.

Miller, 51, runs SCM Private, an online investment manager, and is also a lawyer.

Miller, who supported the campaign to stay in the EU, says the case isn't about blocking Brexit - or keeping Britain in the EU.

Andrew Blick, an expert on the Magna Carta at King's College London, said the case involves an argument that dates back almost 400 years to the English Civil War as to whether power ultimately rests in the executive or Parliament.

Underscoring the importance of the case, May put Attorney General Jeremy Wright in charge of the legal team fighting the suit, making the announcement with a flourish at the recent Conservative Party Conference as she underscored she would "make a success'' of taking the country out of the EU.

Wright argues that the suit is an attempt to put a legal obstacle in the way of enacting the referendum result.

At issue is May's attempt to use Royal Prerogative, historic powers officially held by the queen, to trigger Article 50.

The powers, which have in reality passed to politicians, enable decisions to be made without a vote of Parliament and cover matters as grave as declaring war or as basic as issuing passports.

Historically, Royal Prerogative has also applied to foreign affairs and the negotiation of treaties.

Miller argues that Parliament should decide whether to invoke Article 50 - after a full debate and vote - because the rights of individuals are being revoked in the process.

Freedom of movement, freedom of trade and freedom to vote in European elections are among the rights that will change.

Politically, though, there's growing cross-party pressure to give Parliament a say on Brexit strategy before Article 50 is invoked.

A motion debated Wednesday in the House of Commons demands that lawmakers have a chance to "properly scrutinize,'' the Brexit strategy before the formal exit process begins.

AP TELEVISION

London - 12 October 2016

1. Big Ben

2. Union flag

3. Big Ben and Parliament

4. Close of Parliament

5. Close of 'Out' sign

6. Pan down of Parliament

7. Set up of Gina Miller, entrepreneur, bringing lawsuit against the Government over Article 50

8. Mid of Miller

9. Close of hands

10. SOUNDBITE (English) Gina Miller, entrepreneur, bringing lawsuit against the Government over Article 50:

"I think it's about whether or not the government can use this ancient Royal prerogative. Because if we can park Article 50 for a moment and Brexit, we have an unwritten, uncoded constitution, which means that if the precedent is set, that a government can bypass parliament, so an MP and a group of ministers, a handful of ministers, can decide your rights and my rights then I think we've rolled back the clock 400 years when it comes to sovereignty and democracy. And that to me is a much much bigger worry than Brexit. I think we go back almost to a dictatorship."

11. Cutaway

12. SOUNDBITE (English) Gina Miller, entrepreneur, bringing lawsuit against the Government over Article 50:

"Our parliament is sovereign. And the idea that Mrs May said that we're going to get back sovereignty, actually Parliament is sovereign and it is only Parliament that can bestow and take away people's rights. And by triggering Article 50 there will inevitably be a reduction in people's rights. So we're going to the courts, and I think the courts need to rule on the legal certainty of how we can leave the EU."

13. Wide of Royal Courts of Justice, which houses High Court

14. Soft focus Royal Courts of Justice sign

15. Tilt down of courts

16. Mid of courts

17. Set up shot of Dr Andrew Blick, Lecturer in Politics and Contemporary History, Kings College London

18. SOUNDBITE: (English) Dr Andrew Blick, Lecturer in Politics and Contemporary History, Kings College London:

"There is a kind of grey area, opened up whereby the government think first that they are bound to abide by the result of this referendum. Nothing was said about that in the legislation, but the government believe it's a binding result, that they have to go along with the leave verdict, and they also believe they have the sole power to put that verdict into action under an authority known as the Royal prerogative. Whether or not they really possess that power, whether they really can act unilaterally to take us out of the European Union, to trigger Article 50, of the treaty on the European Union, is what's being tested in the courts."

19. Royal Courts of Justice sign

20. SOUNDBITE (English) Dr Andrew Blick, Lecturer in Politics and Contemporary History, Kings College London:

"Even is something is legal, it doesn't mean that it's constitutional. Just because the government can behave in this way, some people in the court and outside the court may be of the view that that doesn't mean it should behave in this way. And that, actually, whatever the law is in the end, constitutionally, parliament should be more involved in this than the government wants it to be."

21. Royal Courts of Justice sign

The Assistant Secretary General of the Muslim Council of Britain said the Brexit vote appeared to have emboldened some people to commit hate crimes in the UK.

Speaking in London on Monday, Miqdaad Versi said that hundreds of hate crimes had been committed across the country in the past two days since the vote to leave the EU.

He said that the type of language being used in the abuse indicated that there was some sort of link with the referendum result.

Versi said it was now very important that civic society and politicians stood up to this racism and bigotry.

London Mayor Sadiq Khan has asked London police to be on heightened alert to deal with a possible increase in hate crimes as a result of the Brexit vote.

Khan said on Monday that there would be "zero tolerance" of any attempt to divide communities. He spoke after a Polish diplomat complained about abuse directed at the Polish community since Thursday's vote.

A Polish community centre in west London was vandalised and police in Cambridgeshire are looking into reports of racist notes being given to Polish residents.

Immigration was a big issue in the vote, with those wanting to take Britain out of the EU saying it would make it easier for Britain to control its borders.

Prime Minister David Cameron has also condemned a spate of racist attacks since the referendum, saying he would "not tolerate intolerance".

The Assistant Secretary General of the Muslim Council of Britain said the Brexit vote appeared to have emboldened some people to commit hate crimes in the UK.

Speaking in London on Monday, Miqdaad Versi said that hundreds of hate crimes had been committed across the country in the past two days since the vote to leave the EU.

He said that the type of language being used in the abuse indicated that there was some sort of link with the referendum result.

Versi said it was now very important that civic society and politicians stood up to this racism and bigotry.

London Mayor Sadiq Khan has asked London police to be on heightened alert to deal with a possible increase in hate crimes as a result of the Brexit vote.

Khan said on Monday that there would be "zero tolerance" of any attempt to divide communities. He spoke after a Polish diplomat complained about abuse directed at the Polish community since Thursday's vote.

A Polish community centre in west London was vandalised and police in Cambridgeshire are looking into reports of racist notes being given to Polish residents.

Immigration was a big issue in the vote, with those wanting to take Britain out of the EU saying it would make it easier for Britain to control its borders.

Prime Minister David Cameron has also condemned a spate of racist attacks since the referendum, saying he would "not tolerate intolerance".

London – 27 June 2016

1. Set up of Assistant Secretary General of Muslim Council of Britain Miqdaad Versi

2. Close-up of Versi

3. SOUNDBITE (English) Miqdaad Versi, Assistant Secretary General of Muslim Council of Britain:

"What we can say is that in the last two days we've had hundreds of hate crimes across the country, and they type of language that has been used, like 'Go back to your own country', 'We voted this way, now you have to get out,' - that type of language indicates there is some sort of link (to the referendum result), and that people on the ground feel somehow legitimised to say the things that they are (saying.) They feel emboldened that this result has meant that a majority of people support their racist and bigoted views, when in reality, that's not the case."

4. Cutaway

5. SOUNDBITE (English) Miqdaad Versi, Assistant Secretary General of Muslim Council of Britain:

"The reality is that this (referendum result) may have unleashed a Pandora's box of bigotry and Islamophobia that has emboldened those who wanted to say things in the past and haven't felt they've been able to. And as a result it is very important that civic society and politicians stand up to say 'no' to racism, 'no' to bigotry, and act rather than just stay silent on an issue that affects the whole of society."

6. Cutaway

Nigel Farage, the leader of the UK Independence Party (UKIP), on Friday called it "impossible" for Britain to control immigration while it is a member of the European Union (EU).

He was speaking in London at a campaign event in favour of the UK leaving the EU, a possibility known as "Brexit".

Farage, himself a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for the South East of England, also raised security concerns linked to Europe's migration influx as an argument in favour of "Brexit".

Britons will vote in a referendum on June 23 on whether the country should leave or remain in the EU.

Nigel Farage, the leader of the UK Independence Party (UKIP), on Friday called it "impossible" for Britain to control immigration while it is a member of the European Union (EU).

He was speaking in London at a campaign event in favour of the UK leaving the EU, a possibility known as "Brexit".

Farage, himself a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for the South East of England, also raised security concerns linked to Europe's migration influx as an argument in favour of "Brexit".

Britons will vote in a referendum on June 23 on whether the country should leave or remain in the EU.

UK POOL

London - 29 April 2016

+++MUTE AS INCOMING+++

1. Leader of the UK Independence Party (UKIP) Nigel Farage walking up to lectern

2. SOUNDBITE (English): Nigel Farage, leader of the UK Independence Party (UKIP)

"When Theresa May (British Home Secretary) says that it is difficult to control immigration as a member of the European Union (EU), she's wrong. It isn't difficult. It's impossible. And the reason is all too clear. This is a British passport. And what are the first two words on it? European Union. Since the Treaty of Maastricht, we have been citizens of the European Union. And this passport is available to 508 million people."

++BLACK FRAMES++

3. SOUNDBITE (English): Nigel Farage, leader of the UK Independence Party (UKIP)

"The common asylum policy that my friend Mr. Juncker (Jean-Claude Juncker, President of the European Commission) was putting into place this time last year went miles away from any traditional definition of what a refugee is. A refugee is an individual or group of individuals who fear persecution because of their race, orientation, beliefs or religion. But the European Union has expanded that or extended that and effectively, what Angela Merkel (German Chancellor) did in July of last year, which I think must rank as one of the worst decisions by a Western leader since 1945, to say we can take people in unlimited numbers has led, I'm afraid in those countries, to very grave consequences. You know when the boss of Europol says there are up to 5-thousand jihadis who have come into Europe in the last 18 months posing as migrants through the Greek islands, I believe him. When Sir Richard Dearlove, the former boss of MI6 (British intelligence agency) says that we are far less safe not controlling our borders, I believe him."

++BLACK FRAMES++

4. SOUNDBITE (English): Nigel Farage, leader of the UK Independence Party (UKIP)

"For too long in the minds of many people the European question has been over here and the immigration and borders question has been over here. Increasingly, people are beginning to see them as one and the same. We have to, in this campaign, make people understand that EU membership and uncontrolled immigration are synonymous with each other. We have to make people understand that what this referendum is about is taking back control of our lives, our laws and our borders. We have to make people understand this may be the last opportunity we ever get to become a normal country once again. Over 180 countries control their borders and decide who is suitable to come and live and work and settle there. We have surrendered that to Brussels. We have surrendered that to a new concept of EU citizenship."

5. Farage sitting down after speech

British voters are deciding in a June 23 referendum on whether or not to leave the European Union with business owners, employers and analysts in disagreement as to how a so-called 'Brexit' may impact the jobs market.

Unemployment nearly across the 28-nation bloc stands at over 10 percent, almost double the UK rate.

Those in the remain camp argue that over three million jobs in the UK are linked to trade with the EU and point to massive investment from Europe into the Britain.

The EU has guaranteed workers' rights in the UK with guaranteed holiday pay, paid maternity and increased protection in the work place.

Many of UK's trade unions, major businesses and almost all the city say that a leave vote would have major negative repercussions for British workers with fears that a recession could hit wags and noting that financial services and huge players in the industrial sector would carry out on a threat to leave the UK.

Take Airbus UK, a company which employs 15,000 people, its president, Paul Kahn, says he wouldn't necessarily pull out of the UK, but long term investment would come under threat.

"The biggest issue we have with Brexit is that we just don't know what out looks like. So that's where the short-term uncertainty happens. And as soon as you create that uncertainty then that starts to affect long-term decisions. So the impact that I worry about is the long-term impact, he says.

"And that lack of investment, once the investment is made somewhere else that is it. The investment isn't going to be taken away from the other country it goes to so we will have lost out for a generation so that really becomes an issue for our children and our children's children about what sort of jobs we have, what sort of economy we have, how balanced is that economy, do we make things."

But those for Brexit say that EU regulation has hindered business, and that leaving the EU may create more jobs, as well as arguing that lower migration could push wages up.

JD Wetherspoon pub chain owner and founder Tim Martin who employs 37,500 people sees the European Union as "fundamentally undemocratic" and has been campaigning hard to leave the EU.

He donated 200,000 pounds (284,000 US dollars) to the official leave campaign and is distributing anti-remain beer mats and magazines arguing for Brexit in his 900 pubs up and down the country.

"If we have democracy, we will do really well. We will be able to sort all the other problems out and there is no reason why we can't be a more prosperous country," he says. "We will have more money because we won't be paying so much into the EU, and it will unleash great entrepreneurial forces within the country."

Not all his staff agree. Alex Papa is a 21 year old student from Rome studying international business at Birkbeck University, College of London, and has been working behind the bar at a branch JD Wetherspoon for a year. He says he is worried about a leave vote from "an economic point of view, and especially for a personal point of view."

"If I ever wanted my child or my family to come here one day in order to divide (share) their life with me, that would be impossible," he says.

Specialist in the EU job market Swati Dhingra of the London School Economics also worries about the implication of a leave vote, saying that her analysis shows that reduced trade and investment with the EU could leave to a five percent contraction in the British economy, leading to a loss of over 300-thousand jobs.

She also argues against those in the leave camp who tie UK unemployment to migration levels, the long standing view of many Brexiters, including UK Independence Party leader and EU lawmaker Nigel Farage.

"We know population growth also has increases in demand which also ends up contributing to economic growth. So what we expect from migration is a very similar kind of story which is you've got access to people who are well educated often or whose education was something you didn't contribute and now they're coming into your country. So they end up creating jobs, they end up also not taking away jobs from British workers, and the main reason is in a growing economy there is room for everybody," she says.

The uncertainty over the result of the EU referendum remains with some polls showing a majority of British voters are in favour of leaving, while others point toward the opposite scenario.

British voters are deciding in a June 23 referendum on whether or not to leave the European Union with business owners, employers and analysts in disagreement as to how a so-called 'Brexit' may impact the jobs market.

Unemployment nearly across the 28-nation bloc stands at over 10 percent, almost double the UK rate.

Those in the remain camp argue that over three million jobs in the UK are linked to trade with the EU and point to massive investment from Europe into the Britain.

The EU has guaranteed workers' rights in the UK with guaranteed holiday pay, paid maternity and increased protection in the work place.

Many of UK's trade unions, major businesses and almost all the city say that a leave vote would have major negative repercussions for British workers with fears that a recession could hit wags and noting that financial services and huge players in the industrial sector would carry out on a threat to leave the UK.

Take Airbus UK, a company which employs 15,000 people, its president, Paul Kahn, says he wouldn't necessarily pull out of the UK, but long term investment would come under threat.

"The biggest issue we have with Brexit is that we just don't know what out looks like. So that's where the short-term uncertainty happens. And as soon as you create that uncertainty then that starts to affect long-term decisions. So the impact that I worry about is the long-term impact, he says.

"And that lack of investment, once the investment is made somewhere else that is it. The investment isn't going to be taken away from the other country it goes to so we will have lost out for a generation so that really becomes an issue for our children and our children's children about what sort of jobs we have, what sort of economy we have, how balanced is that economy, do we make things."

But those for Brexit say that EU regulation has hindered business, and that leaving the EU may create more jobs, as well as arguing that lower migration could push wages up.

JD Wetherspoon pub chain owner and founder Tim Martin who employs 37,500 people sees the European Union as "fundamentally undemocratic" and has been campaigning hard to leave the EU.

He donated 200,000 pounds (284,000 US dollars) to the official leave campaign and is distributing anti-remain beer mats and magazines arguing for Brexit in his 900 pubs up and down the country.

"If we have democracy, we will do really well. We will be able to sort all the other problems out and there is no reason why we can't be a more prosperous country," he says. "We will have more money because we won't be paying so much into the EU, and it will unleash great entrepreneurial forces within the country."

Not all his staff agree. Alex Papa is a 21 year old student from Rome studying international business at Birkbeck University, College of London, and has been working behind the bar at a branch JD Wetherspoon for a year. He says he is worried about a leave vote from "an economic point of view, and especially for a personal point of view."

"If I ever wanted my child or my family to come here one day in order to divide (share) their life with me, that would be impossible," he says.

Specialist in the EU job market Swati Dhingra of the London School Economics also worries about the implication of a leave vote, saying that her analysis shows that reduced trade and investment with the EU could leave to a five percent contraction in the British economy, leading to a loss of over 300-thousand jobs.

She also argues against those in the leave camp who tie UK unemployment to migration levels, the long standing view of many Brexiters, including UK Independence Party leader and EU lawmaker Nigel Farage.

"We know population growth also has increases in demand which also ends up contributing to economic growth. So what we expect from migration is a very similar kind of story which is you've got access to people who are well educated often or whose education was something you didn't contribute and now they're coming into your country. So they end up creating jobs, they end up also not taking away jobs from British workers, and the main reason is in a growing economy there is room for everybody," she says.

The uncertainty over the result of the EU referendum remains with some polls showing a majority of British voters are in favour of leaving, while others point toward the opposite scenario.

AP TELEVISION

London - 27 May 2016

1. Various of Italian student and barman Alex Papa pulling pint of London Pride beer at Baker street JD Wetherspoon pub

2. Pan from fruit machine to booklet in all JD Wetherspoon pubs on referendum called "In or Out - you decide."

3. JD Wetherspoon owner and founder Tim Martin drinking half pint at bar

4. Pull focus into European beer pumps

5. Wetherspoon referendum booklet

6. SOUNDBITE (English) Tim Martin, JD Wetherspoon owner and founder:

"The economist have got it wrong. They've got it wrong of the Euro because they didn't concentrate on the big picture. And the big picture is you can't have a currency without a government. It doesn't work. This time, they're again not concentrating on the big picture. Democracy, freedom, prosperity is the big picture. And they're turning it around as they did with the Euro and looking at micro issues which are very secondary. If we have democracy, we will do really well. We will be able to sort all the other problems out and there's no reason why we can't be a prosperous country. We will have more money because we won't be paying so much into the EU, and it will unleash great entrepreneurial forces within the country."

7. Papa behind the bar pulling pint

8. Close of Papa's face

9. SOUNDBITE (English) Alex Papa, 21-year-old student from Rome, studying international business at Birkbeck College, University of London, and has been working in JD Wetherspoon for a year:

"I came here in order to start my university, and work part time in order to better myself. And I discovered in this country, there is these possibilities, opportunities that my country didn't give to me. I am worried about exit of Britain in the European Union from an economic point of view, and especially for a personal point of view. If I ever wanted my child or my family to come here one day in order to divide (share) their life with me, that would be impossible."

10. Various of people at bar

11. SOUNDBITE (English) Craig Milligan, 33-year-old builder from London:

"Definitely out. 100 percent out. Yes, at the moment I feel there are threats getting made by the government, and I don't believe a word of it at the moment. I see out as always the best way. At the moment we have got too many bureaucrats in Europe telling us exactly what we've got to do, and when we've got to do it, and I don't think we're able to govern our own country any more to be honest."

AIRBUS VNR

UK (Exact location unknown) - Date unavailable

12. Various of people working in an Airbus factory

AP TELEVISION

London – 13 June 2016

13. Set up of Paul Kahn, Airbus UK President

14. SOUNDBITE (English) Paul Kahn, Airbus UK President:

"The biggest issue we have with Brexit is that we just don't know what out looks like. So that's where the short-term uncertainty happens. And as soon as you create that uncertainty then that starts to affect long-term decisions. So the impact that I worry about is the long-term impact. And that lack of investment, once the investment is made somewhere else that is it. The investment isn't going to be taken away from the other country it goes to so we will have lost out for a generation so that really becomes an issue for our children and our children's children about what sort of jobs we have, what sort of economy do we have, how balanced is that economy, do we make things."

AIRBUS VNR

UK (Exact location unknown) - Date unavailable

15. Various of people working in an Airbus factory

AP TELEVISION

London – 13 June 2016

16. SOUNDBITE (English) Paul Kahn, Airbus UK President:

"In Airbus Group we make things that fly and we're very proud of that and we're very good at it. But that comes from a regulatory environment that is integrated, it's a European regulatory environment. We do things once to one standard so if you introduce a British standard as well as a European standard then that makes things more complicated it doesn't make things simpler and that's the environment we are in."

17. Airbus model on desk

AP TELEVISION

London - 27 May 2016

18. Various set ups of Swati Dhingra, assistant professor of economics at the London School of Economics and co-author of report on Life Outside the EU

19. SOUNDBITE (English) Swati Dhingra, Assistant Professor of economics at the London School of Economics and co-author of report on Life Outside the EU:

"British economy would contract about five percent, we would see about a five percent loss in the British GDP primarily because there would be reduced trade and investment with the European Union and potentially with the rest of the world as we loose access to the European market. So roughly what translates into would be somewhere in the order of 300-thousand job loss which is what many reports have given, the number. So we would see because of the contraction in the British economy an impact on jobs available to British workers."

20. Dhingra looking at her own report on immigration and Brexit on computer screen

21. SOUNDBITE (English) Swati Dhingra, Assistant Professor of economics at the London School of Economics and co-author of report on Life Outside the EU:

"We know population growth also has increases in demand and which also ends up contributing to economic growth. So what we expect from migration is a very similar kind of story, which is you've got access to people who are well educated often or whose education was something you didn't contribute to and now they're coming into your country. So they end up creating jobs, they end up also not taking away jobs from British workers, and the main reason is in a growing economy there is room for everybody."

22. Papa pulling pint in the pub

23. Tilt up to In or Out sign

The pound has dropped to a 31-year low as investors fret over the British government's suggestion it will focus on controlling immigration in its talks to leave the European Union.

Sterling dropped to below 1.28 US dollars on Tuesday, days after British Prime Minister Theresa May clarified the timeframe for Britain's exit from the bloc, saying she will trigger two years of formal exit talks before April.

But members of her governing Conservative Party are wrestling over control of the steering wheel that will take Britain toward either a looser but still intertwined relationship with the bloc, or a dramatic "hard Brexit" with unknown consequences.

Hard-core Brexiteers believe regaining control - over financial rules, business regulations and especially over immigration - is more important than remaining in the EU's single market or customs union.

The EU insists Britain cannot choose to benefit from access to the single market without also keeping open its borders to EU citizens.

Markets analyst Michael Hewson said the tone of May's remarks suggested Britain could be veering towards a "hard Brexit" and markets reacted over the "perception that could cause a significant amount of disruption."

Hewson said there was scope for further Sterling weakness, especially against the US dollar with the potential for the Federal Reserve to raise interest rates by December.

London - 4 October 2016

1. Entrance of CMC Market in the City of London

2. Various of screens showing live currency and stocks exchanges

3. Various of analyst Michael Hewson talking to a colleague then walking by

4. SOUNDBITE (English) Michael Hewson, Chief Market Analyst at CMC Markets:

"Theresa May, UK Prime Minister, basically told the markets that she intended to trigger article 50 of the Lisbon treaty by the end of Q1 2017 and that wasn't really a surprise. I think what was the surprise was the tone of her remarks. The tone of her remarks suggested she really wanted to take control of immigration and that has led markets to join the dots and essentially speculate on the fact that she could be looking for what is termed a hard Brexit, i.e. a pull out from the single market. And I think there's a perception that could cause a significant amount of disruption."

5. Cutaways of Hewson

6. SOUNDBITE (English) Michael Hewson, Chief Market Analyst at CMC Markets:

"I certainly think there's scope for further sterling (pound) weakness particularly against the dollar because there's an awful lot of speculations and the Federal Reserve may well raise interest rate in December so from that point of view the Federal Reserve is potentially on a hiking cycle so that could pressure the pound. Against the euro yes we could see potentially a little bit more weakness but Europe has problems all of its own, particularly in the banking sector. So I think the downside for Sterling against the euro could be far more limited than it is say against the US dollar."

7. Various of people working in the office

The financial entrepreneur challenging the British government over its European Union exit plans says she has been subjected to sexual and racial abuse messages, threatening mail and hacks on her company's computer systems.

Gina Miller has had to make different arrangements for her children in school. She's hired bodyguards and contacted the police.

The case is considered to be the most important constitutional matter in a generation, revolving around the question of whether Prime Minister Theresa May can start negotiating Britain's exit from the European Union without an act of Parliament.

May says the referendum on EU membership gave her a mandate to take Britain out of the EU and that discussing the details of her strategy with Parliament would weaken the government's negotiating position.

May has announced plans to invoke Article 50 of the EU treaty, starting talks on Britain's future relationship with the single market, by the end of March.

Miller's lawsuit against the government seeks to answer this as well as much bigger questions about where power lies in this nation's democracy and whether rights can be revoked without a vote of lawmakers.

She won the first round of the legal challenge at the High Court last month, a decision that only accelerated the outrage. The lawsuit which is set to be heard before the Supreme Court in London on Monday.

She says that while she is not suprised by the anger generated by the issue, "what does surprise me is the level of sexual and racial violence that I've received."

Miller adds that her recent victory presented an opportunity for a "conversation" on the issue with politicians but to date has not heard from any.

It was her campaign in recent years for transparency in fees charged by investment managers to their clients that first won her widespread notice in business circles - even as it made her unpopular among fellow asset managers.

She recalled attending an event in which she noticed a group of men staring at her. She walked over and introduced herself.

"And they sort of muttered, and one of them said to the other - well you know you have a nickname in the city. And I thought, it's not going to be good, is it? So I said what is it? And they said we call you the black widow spider."

Miller says she hopes people will move on to other issues because she has a family to consider, but in the meantime, leaving the UK is an option she is considering which "would be the saddest day."

London - 1 December 2016

1. Set-up of lead claimant in Article 50 case Gina Miller

2. SOUNDBITE (English) Gina Miller, lead claimant in Article 50 case:

"I think it will take time, but if over time it doesn't abate and people don't move on to whatever next happens, then - I have young children. I'm really going to have to think about their lives and you know, they can't live in a bubble in a house, not going to be able to go out and not being able to be part of society and have the freedom to live in Britain and I would have to think about what to do then. But if at that stage the only solution is to leave the UK, because of my family, then to me that would be the saddest day. Because I love Britain, and everything about Britain is about its inclusiveness, about its tolerance, about the great British way. It's about fair play and you know around the world, Britain is seen as the country where, you know, even people say it - it's not the British way."

3. Cutaway

4. SOUNDBITE (English) Gina Miller, lead claimant in Article 50 case:

"When it comes to the anger, I'm not surprised. Everything to do with Brexit is so emotionally charged that it's almost become a religion. I say being Catholic, I can say that Catholics can criticise the pope but nobody one else can. And it's a bit like that with Brexit. Leavers can talk about it but nobody else dare talk to about it, even if what you are talking about is something that's very sober and pragmatic and strategic. You are not allowed to talk about that. So I think the anger from that doesn't surprise me. What does surprise me is the level of sexual and racial violence that I've received. Not just from social media. But letters, phone calls, emails, to my staff to our offices, this was a part of society that I really thought we had healed 20, 30, or 40 years ago, but it seems we haven't."

5. Cutaway

6. SOUNDBITE (English) Gina Miller, lead claimant in Article 50 case:

"We've had cyberattacks on our business websites, we've had to make different arrangements with the children and school. I don't go anywhere. I don't go out so it has turned into a poisoned chalice if you like. But I'm still determined that I'm carrying on with this, because I feel that if I didn't do it, then nobody would be asking the questions I'm asking. And we cannot have - all the people who were banging on the table and went on and on about parliamentary sovereignty, I mean they should be ashamed of themselves - and allowing the press and politicians to carry on like this because I'm actually fighting for the thing that they wanted."

7. Cutaway

8. SOUNDBITE (English) Gina Miller, lead claimant in Article 50 case:

"I think they've been cowards because they've let me take the case which gave them time to think about what they wanted to do but what I'm really angry about is the fact that when we won in the high court - surely that gave them the legal certainty and it gave them an area to have a conversation and to go forward. But I've not heard from a single politician about the case. There is no discussion. There is no moving forward. There still seems to me to be two camps to me politically. On one side we have the people who are misleading the public and still lying, and on the other side you have ones that are being quite cowardly and are thinking what will our constituents say. But I thought politics was about the people and what is best for our country. It's not about preserving their own self-interest and their power. So I'm really disappointed in them."

9. Cutaway

10. SOUNDBITE (English) Gina Miller, lead claimant in Article 50 case:

"And they sort of muttered, and one of them said to the other - well you know you have a nickname in the city. And I thought, it's not going to be good, is it? Of course, I said what is it? And they said we call you the black widow spider. At which point I paused and I thought well that's wrong on so many levels. And then I thought, well thank you because that must mean I'm doing something right. Because nobody in the city has managed to come up with an intellectual argument as to why I was wrong. And I have to say, it's very much the same here. People do not talk about the case, and the central pillars of our arguments of our case. They attack me personally. So I see it as they have nothing else to do. They are not attacking the message, they are attacking the messenger. Which must mean I am winning."

11. Various cutaways

When his friend Arek was killed in the street, Eric Hind had sickening evidence that the country he'd come to call home had changed.

But the Polish IT consultant had started to feel uneasy even before that, as Britain prepared to vote earlier this year on whether to remain in the European Union.

As debate heated up about the U.K.'s place in Europe, Hind's outsider status was made all too clear to him.

"When I first moved to the U.K. I felt like it was a dream come true," he said with quiet sadness. "It's the country where there are no differences, people just get on with each other, there are no questions asked about where you're from.

"But now I just have to watch my back. People are worried to use their own language in the streets. It's not what it is supposed to be like, or what it was like before."

Hind was among hundreds of thousands of Poles who seized the opportunity when the EU expanded into eastern Europe in 2004 to move to Britain, regarded as a welcoming country with a flexible labour market and relatively high wages.

Twelve years on, he'd settled in Harlow, near London, with a family and a good job.

After the June 23 vote, Hind says he received text messages that said things like, "What time is my bus back home, have I got my passport and good luck in Poland."

Free movement among member states is a key principle of the EU, and millions of Europeans have become used to studying, working or retiring abroad. Britain's vote to quit the bloc - after a "leave" campaign that urged people to "take back control" - is in part a renunciation of that borderless ideal.

The support for leaving the EU was swelled by citizens who felt the presence of so many people from other EU countries was making Britain less "British" and making it harder for Britons to find jobs, housing, and medical care.

One campaign poster featured a long line of migrants beside the slogan "breaking point."

Anti-racism groups say the vote also unleashed a wave of xenophobia that has brought insults, abuse and physical attacks.

Much of the recorded abuse has been aimed at eastern Europeans, who have come to Britain in the hundreds of thousands over the past decade - and particularly Poles, the largest group, who number a million in the U.K.

'Polish' has become derogatory," said Suresh Grover of the Monitoring Group, a charity that works with victims of hate crime.

"People who have racist views have become emboldened and they now keep on saying things that were seen to be unacceptable," he adds.

Official figures back up anecdotal evidence of a rise in hate crime since the referendum. According to the Home Office, police recorded 1,546 racially or religiously aggravated offences in England and Wales in the two weeks before referendum day, and 2,241 in the two weeks after it. The total for July was up 41 percent from the same month a year earlier. August's level was lower, but still higher than before for Brexit vote.

Incidents reported around the country include offensive graffiti daubed on a Polish community centre; cards saying "no more Polish vermin" left on cars; a Polish man punched and kicked in Yeovil, southwest England; another Polish man beaten by a gang of teenagers in the northern city of Leeds; and a 21-year-old Polish student stabbed in the neck with a broken bottle in the English Midlands town of Telford.

On Aug. 27, a Saturday night, Hind's friend Arkadiusz Jozwik, known as Arek, was involved in an altercation with youths outside a pizza parlour in Harlow, about 20 miles (32 kilometres) north of London. The 40-year-old was felled by a single punch, hit his head and died in hospital two days later.

Police said they were investigating the death as a hate crime, and arrested six teens aged 15 and 16. Five have been released for lack of evidence, while one remains on bail.

Poland's ambassador to Britain, Arkady Rzegocki, said he was "shocked and deeply concerned" by the hostility toward a community whose presence in Britain goes back to World War II, when Polish pilots fought in the Battle of Britain and a Polish government-in-exile was based in London.

"The hospitality of British society was very famous, and we appreciate it," he said.

Rzegocki said he is confident that common sense and British decency will prevail. He said the embassy has received many supportive letters from Britons condemning the attacks.

And he points out that Britain is a country with low unemployment whose economy relies on migrants, including armies of Polish plumbers, nannies and fruit-pickers.

"I am sure that most of British society is very welcoming to immigrants - especially to the Poles which had, and still have, a huge contribution to the British economy and to the British culture," he said.

He notes that for Europe, the 20th century was the era of "borders and protectionism - and it wasn't a good century in European history."

No one is arguing that the referendum introduced prejudice to Britain - earlier groups of immigrants, from Jews 100 years ago to West Indians after World War II, also experienced hostility. In the 2014 British Social Attitudes survey, about a third of people admitted to being a little or very prejudiced against other races.

Dorothy Spriggs, an 85-year-old who has lived in Harlow for almost 50 years says she can here people making derogatory comments about 'foreigners coming in' when she's on the bus.

Harlow is a post-World War II "new town" whose first residents included bombed-out Londoners. Over the years they've been joined by others - Chinese, Indians and more recently eastern Europeans, whose shops and delis sit alongside the town's fish-and-chip shops, Indian restaurants and kebab takeaways.

Spriggs stopped recently beside a makeshift memorial near the spot where Jozwik died: bunches of flowers, a candle and three large stuffed animals lined up neatly on benches.

"Try to understand the opinion of the other people," she urges.

"Listen to them, listen to them about their culture, things like that. You know, learn more about their way of life and our way of life and sort of intermix in that way," she adds.

That appeal may be too late to keep Hind in Harlow, or in Britain.

He's stopped going into town after 6 p.m. He's planning to leave the U.K., so his 2-year-old British-born daughter can grow up somewhere she will feel safe.

Hind worries he won't be allowed to remain in Britain even if he wants to.

The government has refused to guarantee that the estimated 3 million EU nationals in Britain can stay unless U.K. citizens elsewhere in the EU get the same right. Europe's borders are firming up again.

"It's just not nice to live in a country where you don't know where you stand ... if you don't know what will happen tomorrow, if someone will come to your door and say, 'OK, time for you to pack your bags and go home,'" Hind said.

"Everyone wants to feel safe and I don't think this is the case now in the U.K."

++CLIENTS PLEASE USE THIS EDIT WHICH CONTAINS AN ADDITIONAL SOUNDBITE BY DOROTHY SPRIGGS AND UPDATED STORYLINE++

Harlow - 20 October 2016

1. Bench with flowers, lantern and picture of Arek Jozwik, a Polish national who was killed on 27 August

2. Photo of Arek, pan

3. Wide of benches

4. Mid of bench area, soft toys where Polish national Arkadiusz Jozwik, known as Arek, was killed

5. Various of Polish national Eric Hind, living in the UK since 2004 and friend of Arek smoking a cigarette

6. Mid of Hind seated

7. SOUNDBITE (English) Eric Hind, Polish IT consultant, living in the UK since 2004, friend of Arek:

"When I first moved to the U.K. I felt like it was a dream come true, it's the country where there are no differences, people just get on with each other, there are no questions asked about where you're from, the dialect you are talking with, and stuff like that. But now I just have to watch my back. People are worried to use their own language in the streets. It's not what it is supposed to be like, or what it was like before."

8. Close-up Hind's hands

9. SOUNDBITE (English) Eric Hind, Polish IT consultant, living in the UK since 2004, friend of Arek:

"It's just not nice to live in a country where you don't know where you stand. So that's worrying and not very assuring to anyone. If you don't know what will happen tomorrow, if someone will knock to your door and say, 'OK, time for you to pack your bags and go home. I mean everyone wants the same, everyone wants to feel safe and I don't believe this is the case now in the U.K. You don't know what will happen and that's not good."

10. Mid of Harlow shopping centre street

11. Close of Union Flag flying from window

12. Various of shop exteriors selling goods from Europe

13. Various exteriors of Polish food shop

14. SOUNDBITE (English) Dorothy Spriggs, an 85-year-old who has lived in Harlow for almost 50 years:

"You've only got to hear people's conversation - if you're on the bus or somewhere like that, you know, over the course of the years, they say 'oh, its all these foreigners coming in'."

15. Cutaway of candle for Arek

16. SOUNDBITE (English) Dorothy Spriggs, an 85-year-old who has lived in Harlow for almost 50 years:

"Well, try to understand that's the opinion of the other people. Listen to them, listen about their culture, things like that. You know, learn more about their way of life and our way of life and sort of intermix in that way. I think so anyway."

17. Various set up shots of Suresh Grover, Director of the Monitoring Group, a charity that works with victims of hate crime.

18. SOUNDBITE (English) Suresh Grover, Director of the Monitoring Group:

"That underbelly has been let out loose. People who have racist views have become emboldened and they now keep saying things that were seen to be unacceptable. The 'n' word is back on the agenda, the 'p' word and Polish, the word Polish has become as derogatory as a 'Paki'. That's absolutely senseless, degrading, dehumanising in the 21st century Britain. A modern Britain which won Olympics on the basis of multicultural dynamic society."

19. Pan down of photo of race protest

20. Close of books

21. Various set up shots of Poland's ambassador to Britain, Arkady Rzegocki

22. SOUNDBITE (English) Arkady Rzegocki, Poland's Ambassador to Britain:

"Poles are present in Britain for decades or even centuries. Permanent presence of Poland is going (back) to the Second World War and after that, so I was a little bit shocked when it appeared that after the referendum we noticed more xenophobic incidents in different parts of Great Britain. Unfortunately after the referendum, we noticed some increase of incidents."

23. Cutaway hands

24. SOUNDBITE (English) Arkady Rzegocki, Poland's ambassador to Britain:

"I am sure that most of British society is very welcoming to immigrants, especially to the Poles which had, and still have, a huge contribution to the British economy and to the British culture, so I hope it will remain."

25. Wide of Polish embassy

26. Pan up to Polish and EU Flag

27. Close of Polish flag

LEADIN

Food poverty has been rising in the UK, in the wake of years of economic austerity.

Now the Conservative government has called a snap-election on June 8, increasing uncertainty about future government policies.

Community activists in London are providing free meals and a food-sharing fridge to help low-income residents and reduce food waste.

STORYLINE

Cranberry and walnut cakes sell for a couple of pounds (2.5 USD) at the Ritzy Cinema cafe in Brixton, south London.

But many are often thrown away once they've reached their best before dates, contributing to food waste in the local community.

That's despite the fact that they are still perfectly good to eat and there are plenty of mouths that would want them.

But there's a new community effort to hold back the tide of discarded processed and fresh goods.

A group of 25 food activists people came up with the idea of starting a People's Fridge, in a shared workspace for start-ups, small businesses and social entrepreneurs, called Impact Hub Brixton.

The People's Fridge is a public fridge where local businesses and residents can leave spare, edible food for others.

And so employees at the Ritzy Cinema now bring their cafe's surplus cakes for people in the community to have for free, rather than sending it to landfill.

"We heard about it, a staff member had come down and heard about the project and it just seemed like a great idea," says Sarah Cook, the Ritzy Cinema's Marketing Manager.

"Businesses like ours, we waste a lot of food off, to then donate it to people in need and help support the community in Brixton, which we are a big part of, is kind of important to us."

Organisers held a crowdfunding campaign to get the fridge project started, raising more than £2,000 (2,556 USD).

Volunteers run the fridge to cut food waste, encourage food sharing and help tackle food poverty.

One of the co-founders, Rebecca Trevalyan, says after a couple of months of the fridge being open there's brisk activity.

"We're seeing lots of donations coming into the fridge, it has been certainly full over the last couple of weeks," Trevalyan says.

According to the founders, food waste is a big issue in the UK valued at around £17 billion (21bn USD) each year, with restaurants throwing away 900,000 tonnes of food annually.

"In terms of demand for it, and need for food, we know that increasing numbers of people are turning to food banks, unfortunately, and we know that food banks don't currently offer fresh food," Trevalyan says.

"There is therefore a gap for the fridge in providing that fresh source of food, but also being a smart way to deal with food surplus."

Trevalyan adds that it is not only the very poor who are in need of help.

"There are lots of people who are in work who are receiving an income but who still can't afford the rising costs of food and who really benefit from such initiatives.

"Here, from my experience, it certainly feels like there is demand and the demand is rising."

The fridge appears to be mutually beneficial.

"Food we've put on the shelves, or had put on the shelves is generally leaving the shelves within 36 hours of it being there," Trevalyan says.

The founders were inspired by similar fridges in Spain, Germany, and India as well as Somerset and Derbyshire in the UK. But this is the first time the concept has been brought to London.

They know that the fridge will not end the issue of food poverty, but it is one of a number of methods which can be used to combat the problem.

This is as UK welfare benefits have been cut over recent years.

According to the Trussell Trust, that runs food banks across the UK, it distributed more than 519,000 three-day emergency food supplies to people in crisis from April to September 2016. That's up from about 113,000 such parcels for the same period in 2012.

It says the primary reasons for food bank referral are benefit changes and delays and low incomes, issues some say are at risk further from a potentially weakened UK economy post Brexit.

Now that a general election in the UK has been called for 8 June, uncertainty is rife.

One organisation offering free meals in 34 locations across the country, has already seen greater pressure on its services in recent years.

"About a year and a half ago, a local drop in centre for elderly people closed down. It used to serve a hot meal everyday for people over the age of 50," says Alex Cameron, a volunteer at the charity Food Cycle in London's Marylebone.

"And with the closure of that, lots of people were left without a central place to come and meet. It was really damaging to the community actually,"

Food Cycle aims to relieve food poverty and provide a community for people to be a part of. It takes food surplus donations, primarily from supermarkets, and cooks meals for people to attend.

Since the referendum on the UK's membership of the European Union in June 2016, the country has already seen price rises in imported food products, as the British sterling has fallen in value. Food prices are expected to grow by between 5 percent and 8 percent in 2017, according to the Food and Drink Federation.

Cameron says she has seen an impact already: "Well, I have to admit I've noticed that the price of the butter that we buy goes up.

"So as a charity we're going to have to start spending more on the extra food that we buy to compliment the food that's surplus.

"I also think that it will have a knock-on effect when basic ingredients and foods go up in price. These are the people that are most affected by that."

One analyst says further inflation and economic instability as the Brexit process completes could increase the already record number of people using free food sources.

"I think Brexit is going to have a negative impact on incomes across the whole spectrum, high-income earners and low-income earners. But the difference is that low-income earners have less room for manoeuvre," says Sarah Boumphrey, Director of Economies and Consumers at the market researchers Euromonitor.

The team behind the People's Fridge think that, if their project is successful, they can help others set up community fridges across the UK.

And, although they may not want it, conditions may be right for just that.

London, UK - 12 April 2017

1. Various two employees of the Ritzy Cinema in Brixton, delivering cakes to the People's Fridge

2. Can of soup and box of cranberry and walnut cakes in the People's Fridge

3. Tilt down fridge

4. Rack focus of sign on fridge reading (English) "I help cut food waste"

5. SOUNDBITE (English) Sarah Cook, Marketing Manager, Ritzy Cinema:

"We heard about it, a staff member had come down and heard about the project and it just seemed like a great idea. Businesses like ours, we waste a lot of food off, to then donate it to people who are in need and help support the community in Brixton, which we are a big part of, is kind of important to us."

6. Pan right of street in Brixton to exterior of Ritzy Cinema

7. Various of people in the Ritzy Cinema bar and cafe eating and drinking

8. Various of person taking food from the People's Fridge

9. Set up shot of Rebecca Trevalyan, co-founder of the People's Fridge

10. SOUNDBITE (English) Rebecca Trevalyan, co-founder of the People's Fridge:

"Food we've put on the shelves, or we've had put on the shelves is generally leaving the shelves within 36 hours of it being there."

11. Various of onions and greens in the fridge

12. SOUNDBITE (English) Rebecca Trevalyan, co-founder of the People's Fridge:

"We're seeing lots of donations coming into the fridge, it has been certainly full over the last couple of weeks. In terms of demand for it, and need for food, we know that increasing numbers of people are turning to food banks unfortunately and we know that food banks don't currently offer fresh food. There is therefore a gap for the fridge in providing that fresh source of food, but also being a smart way to deal with food surplus."

13. People walking past fridge

14. Food items in the fridge

15. SOUNDBITE (English) Rebecca Trevalyan, co-founder of the People's Fridge:

"There are lots of people who are in work who are receiving an income, but who still can't afford the rising costs of food and who really benefit from such initiatives. Here, from my experience, it certainly feels like there is demand and the demand is rising."

16. Various of people eating at a dinner held by Food Cycle in a church in Marylebone

17. Maggie at the table with other diners

18. Maggie in front of a bowl of food

19. SOUNDBITE (English) Maggie (No last name given), Marylebone resident

"Oh, it helps you a lot really. If you are only on your pension. But yes, very, very good. It's good all round and they're lovely people here."

20. Volunteers preparing food in the kitchen

21. Volunteer Alex Cameron serving diners

22. SOUNDBITE (English) Alex Cameron, volunteer:

"About a year and a half ago, a local drop in centre for elderly people closed down. It used to serve a hot meal everyday for people over the age of 50. And with the closure of that lots of people were left without a central place to come and meet. It was really damaging to the community actually."

23. Volunteer preparing food in the kitchen

24. SOUNDBITE (English) Alex Cameron, volunteer:

"Well, I have to admit I've noticed that the price of the butter that we buy goes up. So as a charity we're going to have to start spending more on the extra food that we buy to compliment the food that's surplus. I also think that it will have a knock-on effect when basic ingredients and foods go up in price, these are the people that are most affected by that."

25. Various of woman eating

26. Set up shot of Sarah Boumphrey, Director, Economies and Consumers for market researchers Euromonitor

27. SOUNDBITE (English) Sarah Boumphrey, Director, Economies and Consumers for Euromonitor:

"I think Brexit is going to have a negative impact on incomes across the whole spectrum, high-income earners and low-income earners. But the difference is that low-income earners have less room for manoeuvre. They can't direct their spending elsewhere. They can't save less to help with higher food prices. So they have less of a security net."

28. A diner at Food Cycle

29. An empty bowl

30. Diners at Food Cycle

31. Various of a man taking food from the People's Fridge

British Prime Minister Theresa May on Tuesday said that leaving the European Union would allow them to control the numbers of people coming into the country.

UK POOL

London - 17 January 2017

1. SOUNDBITE (English) Theresa May, UK Prime Minister:

"The third principle is to build a fairer Britain. That means ensuring it is fair to everyone who works and lives in this country. And that is why we will ensure we can control immigration to Britain from Europe. We will continue to attract the brightest and the best to work or study in Britain. Indeed openness to international talent must remain one of this country's most distinctive assets. But that process must be managed properly so that our immigration system serves the national interest. So we will get control of the number of people coming to Britain from the EU. Because while controlled immigration can bring great benefits, filling skill shortages, delivering public services, making British businesses the world beaters they often are. When the numbers get too high, public support for the system falters."

++BLACK FRAMES++

2. SOUNDBITE (English) Theresa May, UK Prime Minister:

"Britain is an open and tolerant country. We will always want immigration, especially high-skilled immigration, we will always want immigration from Europe. And we will always welcome individual migrants as friends. But the message from the public before and during the referendum campaign was clear - Brexit must mean control of the number of people who come to Britain from Europe and that is what we will deliver."

++BLACK FRAMES++

3. SOUNDBITE (English) Theresa May, UK Prime Minister:

"We want to guarantee the rights of EU citizens who are already living in Britain and the rights of British nationals in other member states as early as we can. I've told other EU leaders that we could give people the certainty that they want straight away and reach such a deal now. Many of them favour such an agreement, one or two others do not. But I want everyone to know that it remains an important priority for Britain and for many other member states to resolve this challenge as soon as possible because it is the right and fair thing to do."

++ENDS ON SOUNDBITE++

There was uncertainty on Friday among Poles living in the United Kingdom after Britons voted in a referendum to leave the European Union..

Many are waiting to find out what the new immigration laws will be after the UK leaves the bloc to see how they will be affected.

Poland's foreign minister has said that Britain's deciding to leave the EU is "bad news" for Europe and for the many Poles - estimated at about 850,000 - who now live in Britain.

There was uncertainty on Friday among Poles living in the United Kingdom after Britons voted in a referendum to leave the European Union..

Many are waiting to find out what the new immigration laws will be after the UK leaves the bloc to see how they will be affected.

Poland's foreign minister has said that Britain's deciding to leave the EU is "bad news" for Europe and for the many Poles - estimated at about 850,000 - who now live in Britain.

London - 24 June 2016

1. Various of Polish restaurant in Hammersmith, West London; people inside

2. SOUNDBITE (English) Regina Wasiak-Taylor, vice chairman of the Union of Polish Writers Abroad:

"And I obviously a day after voting I am not only surprised but I am worrying what is going to happen. Not only about the Polish people who stay here but about the country, about the United Kingdom and what's going to happen in Scotland."

3. Cutaway of menu board

4. SOUNDBITE (Polish) Wojciech Klas, librarian:

"I think some Poles will come back home because not everyone has been here long enough to have the right to stay. You can get permanent residency here after five years but some people haven’t been here that long.”

5. Various of Krystna Kaplan reading flyer

6. SOUNDBITE (English) Krystna Kaplan, retiree:

"And I think common sense has won. I think that people who have not been elected by all the European citizens should not be running the continent. Who are they anyway?"

7. Various of office of Londynek.net the Polish online newspaper

8. Various of editor of Londynek.net Marcin Rychcik at work at his desk

9. SOUNDBITE (Polish) Marcin Rychcik editor of Londynek.net, Polish online newspaper:

"Most of them don’t know what to expect because we don’t know anything about the new immigration laws if they will come into place so don’t know what is happening and this is the most scary thing."

10. Various of Jedrzej Bielecki, journalist for Warsaw newspaper Rzeczpospolita

11. SOUNDBITE (English) Jedrzej Bielecki, journalist for Rzeczpospolita:

"This is first of all a surprise for everybody here in England, but as well a kind of disappointment as we had this vision of Britain as very much a mature political country with a very long democratic tradition with a way of thinking in a rational way and now we see this country is very much in the grip of populism."

12. Exterior of Polish store

The Lithuanian National Anthem resonated loudly in the square in front of Peterborough's majestic gothic cathedral. About 100 Lithuanians assembled to celebrate the Baltic country's national holiday.

For the third largest immigrant community in the town the joyous event was over shadowed by fears for their future living in a nation that recently voted to leave the European Union.

"They see this country like their home. For them, for their kids, for their future," said Judita Gru who volunteers in the community organizing events and publishing a Lithuanian-language magazine.

More than 30,000 migrants have moved to Peterborough since the turn of the century, and foreign influence is noticeable in multi-ethnic Millfield, where some supermarkets are stocked with Polish sausages, Indian spices, Chinese vegetables and other imported goods.

While the city has long been home to Pakistani, Afro-Caribbean and Italian minorities, it was the surge in migrants from EU members Poland, Lithuania and Slovakia and more recently Romania and Bulgaria that pushed many residents to vote "leave" in the 23 June referendum. Sixty-one percent of Peterborough's electorate wanted out, compared to 52 percent in all of Britain.

For many people who voted Britain out of the European Union, Peterborough is a warning: streets taken over by foreign languages, customs and religions; British identity eroded with each pub converted into a shawarma shop or ethnic food store.

'Bram' runs the last English pub in the area and he remembers of the names of each one that closed in the past decade. He laments that newcomers don't mix into the community.

Today, the landlord has put the building up for sale and he fears the new owners have no intention of keeping the business running.

'Leave' voters strongly rejected the idea that their concerns over immigration were racially motivated. Their resentment focused mainly on the number of new people moving into city, the apparent segregation of communities, and the lack of proper integration.

"Where I used to work, I was the only person who spoke English," said Mick Bullock, 53, who says he took early retirement to escape the loneliness of having no one to chat with a coffee or lunch break.

While immigration was a major factor pushing many to vote 'leave,' most people acknowledge the hard work done by Eastern European immigrants, often filling jobs British citizens shy away from.

"All the workers who work they are Latvian, Polish, Russian, Czech republic," said Antra Jansone, 43-year-old Lithuanian working as an interpreter for the British National Health Service.

One of the workers is Viktor Savicius who's lived in Peterborough for 10 years. His day started at 5 a.m. with a 45 minute drive to a factory where he spray-paints trailers 10-hours a day, four or five days a week. Right now he's also working Saturdays spray painting a bridge to earn some extra money for his family of six.

"They were shouting on every corner 'You come to us, we need you, you'll get plenty of work," Savicius remembers. "Now it's very different."

Attitudes toward migrants have hardened since, but he said he understands why.

"If you look at a map of Great Britain, it's not that big a country," he said. "It may be a great country, but not a big country."

Savicius himself is no fan of the European Union and originally voted against Lithuania joining.

A former lumberjack in Lithuania, he says his company collapsed when Lithuania joined the European Union and new regulations capped his production, so he understands Britain's desire for independence.

British tabloids a few years ago sent alarming dispatches from the city about hordes of migrants queuing at the city's welfare offices to claim benefits.

Yet even the coordinator of the local "vote leave" campaign, said reports of welfare abuse were exaggerated and noted that some British people abuse the system, too.

"The actual reality is people do come here and they work hard. That's never been the issue," said Jay Beecher, the deputy leader of the nationalist UK Independence Party's branch in Peterborough.

"The problem we are seeing now is not anything to do with the quality of the people, it's the quantity of people coming here."

The Lithuanian National Anthem resonated loudly in the square in front of Peterborough's majestic gothic cathedral. About 100 Lithuanians assembled to celebrate the Baltic country's national holiday.

For the third largest immigrant community in the town the joyous event was over shadowed by fears for their future living in a nation that recently voted to leave the European Union.

"They see this country like their home. For them, for their kids, for their future," said Judita Gru who volunteers in the community organizing events and publishing a Lithuanian-language magazine.

More than 30,000 migrants have moved to Peterborough since the turn of the century, and foreign influence is noticeable in multi-ethnic Millfield, where some supermarkets are stocked with Polish sausages, Indian spices, Chinese vegetables and other imported goods.

While the city has long been home to Pakistani, Afro-Caribbean and Italian minorities, it was the surge in migrants from EU members Poland, Lithuania and Slovakia and more recently Romania and Bulgaria that pushed many residents to vote "leave" in the 23 June referendum. Sixty-one percent of Peterborough's electorate wanted out, compared to 52 percent in all of Britain.

For many people who voted Britain out of the European Union, Peterborough is a warning: streets taken over by foreign languages, customs and religions; British identity eroded with each pub converted into a shawarma shop or ethnic food store.

'Bram' runs the last English pub in the area and he remembers of the names of each one that closed in the past decade. He laments that newcomers don't mix into the community.

Today, the landlord has put the building up for sale and he fears the new owners have no intention of keeping the business running.

'Leave' voters strongly rejected the idea that their concerns over immigration were racially motivated. Their resentment focused mainly on the number of new people moving into city, the apparent segregation of communities, and the lack of proper integration.

"Where I used to work, I was the only person who spoke English," said Mick Bullock, 53, who says he took early retirement to escape the loneliness of having no one to chat with a coffee or lunch break.

While immigration was a major factor pushing many to vote 'leave,' most people acknowledge the hard work done by Eastern European immigrants, often filling jobs British citizens shy away from.

"All the workers who work they are Latvian, Polish, Russian, Czech republic," said Antra Jansone, 43-year-old Lithuanian working as an interpreter for the British National Health Service.

One of the workers is Viktor Savicius who's lived in Peterborough for 10 years. His day started at 5 a.m. with a 45 minute drive to a factory where he spray-paints trailers 10-hours a day, four or five days a week. Right now he's also working Saturdays spray painting a bridge to earn some extra money for his family of six.

"They were shouting on every corner 'You come to us, we need you, you'll get plenty of work," Savicius remembers. "Now it's very different."

Attitudes toward migrants have hardened since, but he said he understands why.

"If you look at a map of Great Britain, it's not that big a country," he said. "It may be a great country, but not a big country."

Savicius himself is no fan of the European Union and originally voted against Lithuania joining.

A former lumberjack in Lithuania, he says his company collapsed when Lithuania joined the European Union and new regulations capped his production, so he understands Britain's desire for independence.

British tabloids a few years ago sent alarming dispatches from the city about hordes of migrants queuing at the city's welfare offices to claim benefits.

Yet even the coordinator of the local "vote leave" campaign, said reports of welfare abuse were exaggerated and noted that some British people abuse the system, too.

"The actual reality is people do come here and they work hard. That's never been the issue," said Jay Beecher, the deputy leader of the nationalist UK Independence Party's branch in Peterborough.

"The problem we are seeing now is not anything to do with the quality of the people, it's the quantity of people coming here."

Peterborough - 6 July 2016

1. Various of the Peterborough Lithuanian community singing national anthem

2. SOUNDBITE (English) Judita Gru, Lithuanian community leader:

"They see this country like their home. For them, for their kids, for their future, so there are worries about this (means: outcome of the referendum): how it will be in the future because for now there is big uncertainty."

3. Various of Lincoln Road

Peterborough - 5 July 2016

4. Exterior of 'The Hand & Heart' pub

5. Interiors of 'The Hand & Heart' pub

6. Pub manager pouring pint of beer

7. SOUNDBITE (English) Brammer, no first name given and known as 'Bram', pub manager:

"To have a multicultural organisation or a multicultural society, it's a gentle trickle, isn't it, surely? A gentle trickle, people coming in, getting to know each other and learning to work with each other and fine. But to 'whoom' all of a sudden to swamp a particular area with a lot of people from a particular culture that is alien to the people who already live there, it causes friction."

8. Cutaway of patrons

9. Bram drinking

10. SOUNDBITE (English) Brammer, no first name given and known as 'Bram', pub manager:

"Virtually everybody on the street got on. There was never any trouble. There was predominantly a lot of English people, a lot of them elderly, there was a West Indian doctor across the road who was very friendly, there was a Pakistani family who lived next to me who were very, very friendly. One or two Polish people in the street, but it was a very good mix and it was very, very very, very friendly. And everybody drank in the pub."

11. Exterior pub

12. 'For Sale' sign on the pub

13. Various of the Peterborough market

14. SOUNDBITE (English) Bruce Johnson, 67-year-old market seller:

"I don't think it has anything to do with racism. The people that are here now, I'm quite happy with them stopping (means: staying) but as long as they mix in and work, and don't come here for just the benefits of living in England, which I think a lot of them have done."

15. Various cutaways of market

16. SOUNDBITE (English) Mick Bullock, 67-year-old retiree:

"Where I used to work, I was the only person around me who spoke any English. All the rest of them spoke either Lithuanian or Polish. So I had no one to talk to at work."

17. Various cutaways of market

18. SOUNDBITE (English) Antra Jansone, 43-year-old National Health Service interpreter from Lithuania:

"All the factories around Peterborough, all the workers who work they are Latvian, Polish, Russian, Czech Republic, all those people they are foreign people who does all the hard jobs in factories and the fields, and also in those conditions where I don't think English people would work."

Peterborough - 6 July 2016

19. Various of Viktor Savicius leaving his house for work at 5:00 am

20. Various of Viktor driving

21. SOUNDBITE (English) Viktor Savicius, 44-year-old industrial painter:

"England and all the United Kingdom and Northern Ireland they said 'Oh, you can come straight away and work for us' but they needed (us) then. They were shouting on every corner 'You come to us, we need you, you'll get plenty of work.' Yes, it was like that at that time, now it's very different."

22. Cutaway

23. SOUNDBITE (English) Viktor Savicius, 44-year-old industrial painter:

"And now it's so many of Eastern Europeans in here. If you look at a map of Great Britain, it's not that big a country. It may be a great country, but not a big country. So they simply run out of where (means: space). They can't take everybody, there are limits and they are just about to exceed them."

24. Various of Viktor walking into his workplace

Peterborough - 5 July 2016

25. Various of central square in Peterborough

26. Close-up British flag

27. SOUNDBITE (English) Jay Beecher, 'Vote Leave' campaign coordinator for Peterborough and deputy chairman of the nationalist UK Independence Party's branch in Peterborough:

"The actual reality is people do come here and they work hard. That's never been the issue. The problem is a lack of integration that we are starting to see. In Peterborough, you originally had the Italians that moved here because they went over and moved (worked) in the brick pits - we were short on labour. They came in smaller numbers, they integrated, and as a result of that, we have Italian communities but they are English-speaking and they have introduced bits of their culture to us as well. So we absorbed that really nicely. The same with the Pakistani community who came to Peterborough and established here. They did exactly the same: came in smaller numbers and integrated really well into our society and have made massive contributions. The problem that we are seeing at the moment is not anything to do with the quality of people coming here, it's the quantity of people coming here."

28. Cutaway

29. SOUNDBITE (English) Jay Beecher, 'Vote Leave' campaign coordinator for Peterborough and deputy chairman of the nationalist UK Independence Party's branch in Peterborough

"We normally see areas in Peterborough where for instance Polish people will live on a few streets in a certain area, Romanians in another because it's familiar to them. They know they can come to England and they can move to an area that is Polish speaking. It's similar to when the Brits (means: British) move over to Spain. Stereotypically, English people tend to move to an English speaking resort or area. So you cannot blame the immigrant for coming here and for not integrating - we need to promote better integration. But the only way we are ever going to do that is by controlling immigration and reducing the volume."

30. Various of the Peterborough Lithuanian community singing traditional song

Two nighbours in London who supported opposite sides of the British referendum on the European Union commented on the results on Friday.

Tony Barnett, who had a huge 'Leave' sign on his balcony, said the vote had brought him and his neighbour "closer together".

"We may argue about politics but as neighbours as human beings living next door to each other this has actually been a good thing," he said.

Frank Chalmers, who had a huge sign in support of the 'Remain' campaign on the next door balcony, said that the result means that politicians who made pledges in their 'Leave' campaign would have to deliver on their promises, such as give "350 million pounds a week" to the National Health Service, secure workers' rights outside the European Union and allocate "lots of resources for lots of parts of the UK economy".

Two nighbours in London who supported opposite sides of the British referendum on the European Union commented on the results on Friday.

Tony Barnett, who had a huge 'Leave' sign on his balcony, said the vote had brought him and his neighbour "closer together".

"We may argue about politics but as neighbours as human beings living next door to each other this has actually been a good thing," he said.

Frank Chalmers, who had a huge sign in support of the 'Remain' campaign on the next door balcony, said that the result means that politicians who made pledges in their 'Leave' campaign would have to deliver on their promises, such as give "350 million pounds a week" to the National Health Service, secure workers' rights outside the European Union and allocate "lots of resources for lots of parts of the UK economy".

London - 24 June, 2016

1. Neighbours on their various balconies with signs

2. Vote 'Leave' sign

3. Sign reading (English) "...if you want to cut workers' rights."

4. Neighbours shaking hands

5. View of Hampstead Heath

6. Neighbours on balcony, taken from the flat

7. Neighbour Frank Chalmers bringing in tray of coffee

8. Cutaway

9. Various of neighbours talking about the referendum

10. SOUNDBITE (English) Tony Barnett, neighbour who voted 'Leave':

"Well it's brought us closer together actually, I would say. We may argue about politics but as neighbours as human beings living next door to each other this has actually been a good thing."

11. Cutaway of tray

12. SOUNDBITE (English) Tony Barnett, neighbour who voted 'Leave':

"But I don't think it's been good for the working class of this country. They've lost out and they voted, 72 per cent of them have got up and done something, which is very unusual. We've never had such a high turnout in any kind of election that I can remember."

13. Cutaway of hands

14. SOUNDBITE (English) Tony Barnett, neighbour who voted 'Leave':

"I have worries. Although I'm pleased we've left, I will not sit here hand on heart and say I have no worries. I do. We are moving into an area of unknown an therefore you must have worries."

15. Cutaway

16. SOUNDBITE (English) Frank Chalmers, neighbour who voted 'Remain':

"It gives us a chance now to take things forward and I think that so many promises were made by the politicians who wanted the UK to leave Europe that we must now hold these politicians to account and my view is that it can be positive for everyone. The politicians who said we should leave Europe have promised 350 million pounds a week more will be given to the National Health Service. They've promised that workers' rights will be secured outside the European Union. They've promised lots of resources for lots of different parts of the UK economy and we heard them saying it on television, on broadcast, on radio and we should hold them to account so today is the start of a new campaign."

17. Various of signs being taken down

FOR CLEAN VERSION SEE STORY NUMBER: 4045259

David Cameron left 10 Downing St. on Wednesday for the last time as Britain's prime minister, making the short trip to Buckingham Palace to tender his resignation to Queen Elizabeth II after declaring that leading the country was "the greatest honor of my life."

Cameron made a brief statement outside the prime minister's residence, his home for more than six years, accompanied by his wife Samantha and children Nancy, Elwen and Florence.

He said he was leaving the country stronger and better off than he had found it and wished his successor, Theresa May, luck in her negotiations for Britain leave the European Union _ the issue that caused his demise.

At the palace, he will recommend that the queen invite May to form a new government; May will then visit the monarch before taking up the top job.

Earlier, Cameron made his final appearance as prime minister in Parliament, turning the usually raucous prime minister's questions session into a time for praise, thanks, gentle ribbing, cheers _ and a sprinkle of criticism.

FOR CLEAN VERSION SEE STORY NUMBER: 4045259

David Cameron left 10 Downing St. on Wednesday for the last time as Britain's prime minister, making the short trip to Buckingham Palace to tender his resignation to Queen Elizabeth II after declaring that leading the country was "the greatest honor of my life."

Cameron made a brief statement outside the prime minister's residence, his home for more than six years, accompanied by his wife Samantha and children Nancy, Elwen and Florence.

He said he was leaving the country stronger and better off than he had found it and wished his successor, Theresa May, luck in her negotiations for Britain leave the European Union _ the issue that caused his demise.

At the palace, he will recommend that the queen invite May to form a new government; May will then visit the monarch before taking up the top job.

Earlier, Cameron made his final appearance as prime minister in Parliament, turning the usually raucous prime minister's questions session into a time for praise, thanks, gentle ribbing, cheers _ and a sprinkle of criticism.

UK POOL

London - 13 July 2016

1. SOUNDBITE (English) David Cameron, Former UK Prime Minister:

"I want to thank everyone who has given so much support to me personally over these years, the incredible team at Number 10, the civil servants who's professionalism and impartiality is one of our country's greatest strengths and my political advisors, some of whom have been with me since the day I stood for my party's leadership 11 years ago."

2. SOUNDBITE (English) David Cameron, Former UK Prime Minister:

"We will shortly be heading to Buckingham Palace to see her Majesty the Queen, where I'll tender my resignation as Prime Minister and I would advise Her Majesty to invite Theresa May to form a new administration. I am delighted that for the second time in British history the new Prime Minister will be a woman and once again a Conservative. I believe Theresa will provide strong and stable leadership in fulfilling the Conservative manifesto on which we were elected and I wish her well in negotiating the best possible terms for Britain's exit from the European Union."

3. SOUNDBITE (English) David Cameron, Former UK Prime Minister:

"It has been the greatest honor of my life to serve our country as Prime Minister over these last six years and to serve as leader of my party for almost 11 years, and as we leave for the last time, my only wish is to continued success for this great country that I love so very much, thank you." (Applauds)

4. Various of Cameron posing for photos in front of 10 Downing St., family departs for Buckingham Palace

Prime Minister Theresa May is warning lawmakers that if they reject her Brexit divorce deal next week, Britain may never leave the European Union.

British legislators are due to vote Tuesday on the agreement, which they have already rejected once.

May is seeking last-minute changes to the deal, but the EU is unwilling to reopen the agreement with Britain.

In a speech on Friday, May urged the bloc to help her by making changes, saying there needs to be "one more push" to get the agreement approved.

If Parliament rejects the deal, lawmakers will get to vote on whether to seek a delay to Brexit.

UK POOL

Grimsby - 8 March 2019

1. British Prime Minister Theresa May walking in to news conference

2. SOUNDBITE: (English) Theresa May, British Prime Minister:

"Next week, members of Parliament in Westminster face a crucial choice: whether to back the Brexit deal or to reject it. Back it and the UK will leave the European Union. Reject it and no one knows what will happen. We may not leave the EU for many months. We may leave without the protections that the deal provides. We may never leave at all. The only certainty would be ongoing uncertainty. Months more spent arguing about Brexit when we could be focusing on improving our NHS, our schools and our communities."

++BLACK FRAMES++

3. SOUNDBITE: (English) Theresa May, British Prime Minister:

"Now, I've made a lot of speeches about that deal over the last few months, most of them have been in the House of Commons. On Tuesday I will be making another one when I open the debate ahead of the vote. But Brexit does not belong to MPs in Parliament. It belongs to the whole country. It belongs to the people who voted for it and want to see it implemented so we can all move on to a prosperous future, and that more prosperous future also belongs to those who voted against Brexit and to expect politicians to make reasonable compromises to bring our country back together."

++BLACK FRAMES++

4. SOUNDBITE: (English) Theresa May, British Prime Minister:

"Everyone now wants to get it done, move beyond the arguments, past the bitterness of the debate and out of the EU as a united country ready to make a success of the future."

++BLACK FRAMES++

5. SOUNDBITE: (English) Theresa May, British Prime Minister:

"We need an economy that works for everyone, a country where everyone can be proud of their community and every community offers people the opportunity to get on in life. That is the opportunity that awaits our country if we agree the Brexit deal. We can build the stronger communities that must be the real legacy of the vote to leave."

6. SOUNDBITE: (English) Theresa May, British Prime Minister:

"The deal also safeguards the protections that EU membership currently gives us and which people rightly value. That starts with the rights of all those from the EU who have moved here, contributed to our country and built their lives in the UK. We've also committed to protecting the rights and standards currently set at the EU level from workers rights to environmental protection. Brexit will not be a race to the bottom. In fact in most of these areas the UK has led the way ahead of the EU and this week we have said that if the EU expands workers rights we will debate those measures in Parliament and decided if we want to follow suit."

++BLACK FRAMES++

7. SOUNDBITE: (English) Theresa May, British Prime Minister:

"The government is in discussions with the EU right now, focused on getting the legal changes MP's have asked for. As I've said before, this will not in any way alter our enduring commitment to the Belfast Good Friday Agreement and to avoiding a hard border in all circumstances. The Belfast Good Friday Agreement was a landmark achievement for the UK government, the Irish government and the political parties in Northern Ireland. It brought peace to our country after many years of tragedy. The people of Northern Ireland are our people and their security and well-being is our security and well-being. But just as MP's will face a big choice next week, the EU has to make a choice too. We're both participants in this process. It is in the European interest for the UK to leave with a deal. We're working with them but the decisions the European Union makes over he next few days will have big impact on the outcome of the vote. European leaders tell me they worry that time is running out and that we only have one chance to get it right. My message to them is now is the moment for us to act. We've worked hard together over two years on the deal. It's a comprehensive deal that provides for an orderly exit from the EU and that sets a platform for an ambitious future relationship. It needs just one more push to address the final specific concerns of our parliament. So let's not hold back. Let's do what is necessary for MPs to back the deal on Tuesday, because if MPs reject the deal, nothing is certain. It would be at a moment of crisis. MP's would immediately be faced with another choice. Either we leave the EU with no deal on the 29th of March - I don't believe that would be the best outcome for the UK or the EU _ or we delay Brexit and carry on arguing about it, both amongst ourselves and with the EU. And that's not in our interest either."

++ENDS ON SOUNDBITE++

Anti-Brexit protesters gathered outside parliament in London erupted into cheers late on Tuesday as it became clear that rebellious lawmakers had secured a majority in a vote to seize control of the Brexit agenda.

The demonstrators celebrated by waving European Union flags and erupting into song.

The 328 to 301 vote cleared the way for Prime Minister Boris Johnson's opponents to introduce a bill on Wednesday that would prevent Britain from leaving the EU without a deal.

Anti-Brexit protester Anna Pili said “It’s a slight relief, the battle is not over yet, I’m just really pleased that the vote went our way this evening but we have a long way to go yet, it’s not over.”

Valerie Peay, human rights advocate said “one of the big things that's important tonight is, this is Parliament standing up for the whole democracy in the UK, so it’s not just people who voted for leaving, for Brexit, it’s people voting for everyone in the UK."

Jeffrey Donaldson, a Democratic Unionist Party lawmaker said he believed MPs who wish to take "no deal" off the table ultimately wish to stop Brexit.

But if there were to be a general election, Donaldson said he thought British voters would back parties who support Brexit.

London - 3 September 2019

++NIGHT SHOTS++

1. Various of anti-Brexit protesters outside Parliament

2. SOUNDBITE (English) Anna Pili, anti-Brexit protester:

“It’s a slight relief, the battle is not over yet, I’m just really pleased that the vote went our way this evening but we have a long way to go yet, it’s not over.”

3. Various of anti-Brexit protesters

4. SOUNDBITE (English) Anna Pili, anti-Brexit protester:

“My hope, really, at the end of the day is that sense prevails and now all this madness will stop and we will stay in Europe. Brexit is to be stopped.”

5. Various of anti-Brexit protesters

6. SOUNDBITE (English) Valerie Peay, human rights advocate:

“As a pride European and a proud Scot and a proud Brit, I think it’s really important for us to focus on what’s important here. So this is the ability for people to give their voice, people have said ‘wait a minute, we want to have the choice, what’s happening, what’s happening with Brexit? What does it mean for us?' And one of the big things that's important tonight is, this is Parliament standing up for the whole democracy in the UK, so it’s not just people who voted for leaving, for Brexit, it’s people voting for everyone in the UK, so I think it’s a really important night and that’s why we came down.”

7. Establishing shots of DUP (Democratic Unionist Party) MP Jeffrey Donaldson

8. SOUNDBITE (English) Jeffrey Donaldson, DUP MP:

“Well I think the real agenda of those who are pushing to take no deal off the table and hand control of the negotiations to the European Union, is to stop Brexit. I think we’re pretty clear about that. I wish people would be honest. I give the Liberal Democrats credit, at least they are honest, they want to stop Brexit, but I think the others who put their hand to this really want to stop Brexit and thwart the will of the British people.”

9. Various of Donaldson being interviewed

10. SOUNDBITE (English) Jeffrey Donaldson, DUP (Democratic Unionist Party) MP:

“Well, I think if we have a general election the people of this country have a clear choice to make. Do they want to support those who want to stop Brexit? Or do they want to support those who want to uphold the democratic will of the British people? I think that’s a pretty clear choice and I’m confident of the result being one that gives a clear mandate to those who want to deliver the will of the people."

11. Tilt-down on protester holding sign reading “Tories (another name for ruling Conservative Party) out, General Election now”

12. SOUNDBITE (English) Jeffrey Donaldson, DUP (Democratic Unionist Party) MP:

“I think the clear choice for the British people is who speaks for them and who is going to negotiate for them in terms of the discussions with the European Union. Is it Jeremy Corbyn (opposition Labour Party leader) or is it the current government? Jeremy Corbyn is all over the place on this. One minute he is for Brexit, the next minute he is trying to undermine it. One minute he wants a general election, now he is running away from a general election. Is that really the kind of leader we want for this country?”

13. Anti-Brexit protesters

14. European flags being waved

Former Prime Minister Tony Blair launched a new campaign on Friday to persuade Britons to change their minds about leaving the European Union.

Blair urged voters to speak out against the government's drive to exit the EU at any cost, saying it could damage future generations.

He argued that leaving the 28-nation bloc was not inevitable and that the people favouring Brexit took advantage of a mood of revolt stemming in part from changes in the global economy and fears over immigration, particularly from non-European countries.

"We have moved in a few months, from a debate about what sort of Brexit involving a balanced consideration of all the policies to the primacy of one consideration, namely, controlling immigration," he said during the launch in London.

The former leader said leaving the EU was not "a mere matter of mechanics to implement. It is a decision which begets other decisions."

He plans to start an institute and build an alliance across party lines to create a movement with weight and reach to fight the notion of Brexit at any cost.

"This is not the time for retreat, indifference or despair," he said. "But the time to rise up in defence for what we believe."

It is not immediately clear how much support Blair may have in creating a new wave of sentiment against Prime Minister Theresa May's plans.

The once-popular Labour leader suffered a fall from grace in supporting the United States in its intervention in Iraq that led to the ouster of Saddam Hussein.

++CLIENTS NOTE - SOUNDBITES SEPARATED BY BLACK FRAMES++

POOL - MUST ONSCREEN COURTESY BLOOMBERG

London - 17 February 2017

1. SOUNDBITE (English) Tony Blair, Former UK Prime Minister:

"So the practical impact of Brexit on immigration is on analysis less than 12 percent of the immigration total. And for many people, the core immigration question, and one which I fully accept is a substantial issue, is immigration from non-European countries, especially when from different cultures in which assimilation and even potential security threats can be an issue. Yet this immigration impacted the Brexit decision. It was Donald Trump, no less, who said that 'without the refugees from Syria', I quote, 'you probably wouldn't have a Brexit'. It is no coincidence that the infamous immigration poster of 'Leave' was a picture of Mr. Farage in front of a line of Syrian refugees. Thus we have moved in a few months, from a debate about what sort of Brexit involving a balanced consideration of all the policies to the primacy of one consideration, namely, controlling immigration."

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2. SOUNDBITE (English) Tony Blair, Former UK Prime Minister:

"This is not a decision that once made is a mere matter of mechanics to implement. It is a decision which begets other decisions. Every part of this negotiation from money, to access, to post-Brexit arrangements is itself an immense decision with consequences. If we were in a rational world, we would all the time, as we approach these decisions, be asking 'why are we doing this?' And as we know more of the costs, is the pain worth the gain?"

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3. SOUNDBITE (English) Tony Blair, Former UK Prime Minister:

"There are lots of different groups doing great work, Open Britain naturally being one. These groups have got to find ways of concerting strategy and tactics effectively. We should begin to create informal links immediately, and then build them into a movement with weight and reach. We need to strengthen the hands of the MPs who are with us and let those against know they have serious opposition to Brexit at any cost. The institute which I am setting up will play our part. We're creating a policy platform, wider than the Europe question. There is an urgent need to reposition the whole debate around globalization and how we make it work for people."

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4. SOUNDBITE (English) Tony Blair, Former UK Prime Minister:

"The one incontrovertible characteristic of politics today is its propensity for revolt. The Brexiteers were the beneficiaries of this wave. But now they want to freeze it to a day in June 2016. They will say the will of the people can't alter. It can. They will say leaving is inevitable. It isn't. They will say we don't represent the people. We do. Many millions of them, and with determination, many millions more. They will claim we are dividing the country by making the claim and the case. It is they who divide our country. Generation from generation, north from south, Scotland from England, those born here from those who came to our country precisely because of what they thought it stood for and what they admired. So this is not the time for retreat, indifference or despair, but the time to rise up and defend what we believe. Calmly, patiently, winning the argument by the force of argument, but without fear, and with the conviction that we act in the true interest of Britain."

5. People applauding

Britain's main opposition Labour Party said Tuesday it will reject Prime Minister Theresa May's proposed Brexit deal with the European Union when it comes to a vote in Parliament.

If Britain and the EU agree on a deal, it must be approved by individual nations before Britain leaves.

In the UK that means a vote by lawmakers, and the math looks ominous for May's government, which lacks an overall majority.

Labour Brexit spokesman Keir Starmer said that if Parliament rejected the deal there should be a new election, though it's unclear where that would leave the Brexit negotiations.

He said Labour would then not rule out campaigning for another public vote on Brexit, "and nobody is ruling out remain as an option".

He said the party would reject a deal along the lines May is proposing because it does not meet "six tests" it has set, including protecting workers' rights and retaining access to European markets.

Starmer said May's negotiations with the bloc were "chaotic and failing".

With Britain due to leave the EU in six months, on March 29, and negotiations at an impasse, Labour leaders are under pressure from members to back a new referendum on Britain's EU membership.

Delegates at Labour's annual conference are expected to back a motion Tuesday leaving that option open, but not calling for it directly.

EU leaders rejected the Conservative government's blueprint for future trade ties at a fractious summit in the Austrian city of Salzburg last week.

UK POOL

Liverpool - 25 September 2018

1. SOUNDBITE (English) Keir Starmer, British Shadow Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union:

"Just when we need strong government, strong leadership, what have we got? Division, chaos, failure. The government has no credible plan for Brexit weeks out from the deadline. No credible solution for Northern Ireland, weeks out from the deadline. And it's blindingly obvious that there's no majority for Chequers. The prime minster must be the only person surprised last week that Chequers was not going to be accepted either in Europe or by our own party. But conference, what has happened is that the Tory civil war on Europe that's been going on for years now risks our prosperity."

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2. SOUNDBITE (English) Keir Starmer, British Shadow Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union:

"The party, do you remember, that promise to fix the roof whilst the sun was shining is now intent on burning the house down. So conference I've got a message for the prime minister. If your party wants to tear itself apart that's fine but you're not taking our country with you."

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3. SOUNDBITE (English) Keir Starmer, British Shadow Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union:

"If the Prime Minister returns with a deal that does not meet our tests, and that looks increasingly likely, we will vote against her deal. And conference, if the Prime Minister thinks that she can come back with a vague deal asking us to leap blindfold into the unknown we will vote that down. Conference, we didn't set tests that could be met by refusing to answer the question, a vagal, blind Brexit is a leap to nowhere and we'll have no part of it."

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4. SOUNDBITE (English) Keir Starmer, British Shadow Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union:

"Let's be clear this is not about frustrating the process. It is about stopping a destructive Tory Brexit. It is about fighting for our values and it is about fighting for our country."

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5. SOUNDBITE (English) Keir Starmer, British Shadow Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union:

"And conference when it comes to that vote in Parliament, we do not accept, we do not accept that the choice is between whatever the prime minister manages to cobble together or no deal. That is not a meaningful vote, between really bad and even worse? No deal will be a catastrophe and no government has the right to plunge our country into chaos because of their own failures."

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6. SOUNDBITE (English) Keir Starmer, British Shadow Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union:

"It is right that Parliament has the first say, it's right that parliament has the first say, but if we need to break the impasse our options must include campaigning for a public vote and nobody is ruling out Remain as an option."

7. Starmer returning to his seat

Britain should make a clean break with European Union laws and regulations after it leaves the bloc, Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson said Wednesday, arguing that the UK will prosper after Brexit by "going global."

Johnson, who was a leader of the "leave" campaign during Britain's 2016 EU membership referendum, used a speech in London to argue for "an outward-facing, liberal and global Britain" after the UK leaves the bloc.

"We would be mad to go through this process of extrication from the EU and not to take advantage of the economic freedoms it will bring," he said.

It was the first in a series of speeches by senior ministers that the British government hopes will show unity and energy around Brexit after months of prevarication and mixed messages.

But Johnson's speech highlighted divisions within the Conservative government over what kind of relationship Britain wants with the EU after it leaves the bloc in March 2019.

Some ministers, including Treasury chief Philip Hammond, want to stay as close as possible to the bloc's borderless single market and tariff-free customs union. Others, including Johnson, want a definitive break so Britain can pursue a distinct economic policy and new trade deals.

With just over a year until Britain leaves the EU, the two factions are still fighting for supremacy in the UK government.

Johnson said Britain should not agree to accept EU rules in return for access to its markets, saying it would be "absurd if we had to obey laws over which we had no say and no vote."

He said "it's only by taking back control of our regulatory framework and our tariff schedules" that Britain can strike new trade deals with the United States and other countries.

Johnson is among the favourites to replace Prime Minister Theresa May as Conservative leader. But his prominent role in the anti-EU campaign - and an earlier role as a Brussels-based journalist writing sometimes fanciful stories about the bloc's bureaucracy - has made him unpopular with pro-EU politicians and voters.

In his speech, Johnson sought to reassure voters who wanted to remain in the EU that Brexit can be grounds for much more hope than fear.

Opponents of Brexit were unimpressed, and European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker said Johnson's claim that the EU aimed to build a European super-state was "total nonsense."

UK POOL

London - 14 February 2018

1. SOUNDBITE (English): Boris Johnson, UK Foreign Secretary

"If we are going to accept laws, then we need to know who is making them, and with what motives, and we need to be able to interrogate them in our own language, and we must know how they came in authority over us and how we can remove them. And the trouble with the EU is that for all its idealism, which I acknowledge, and for all the good intentions of those who run the EU institutions, there is no demos – or at least we in the UK I don't think have ever really felt part of such a demos – however others in the EU may feel. The British people have plenty of common sympathies with the people of France, of course we do, but it is hard to deny that we also share common sympathies with plenty of non-EU people – the Americans, the Swiss, the Canadians, the Pakistanis, Thais, and that is one of the reasons why we in the UK have had such difficulty in adapting to the whole concept of EU integration. To understand why EU regulation is not always suited to the economic needs of the UK, it is vital to understand that EU law is a special type of law, unlike anything else on earth. It is not just about business convenience. It is expressly teleological. It is there to achieve a political goal. The aim is to create an overarching European state as the basis for a new sense of European political identity. British politicians, Labour and Tory, have always found that ambition very difficult. It is hard to make it cohere with our particular traditions of independent parliamentary and legal systems that go back centuries, and in spite of many sheep-like coughs of protest from the UK, the process of integration has deepened, and the corpus of EU law has grown ever vaster and more intricate, and ever more powers and competences have been handed to EU institutions, culminating in the Treaty of Lisbon."

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2. SOUNDBITE (English): Boris Johnson, UK Foreign Secretary

"We would be mad to go through this process of extrication from the EU, and not to take advantage of the economic freedoms it will bring. We will stop paying ever more colossal sums to the EU every year and as the Prime Minister herself has said, that will leave us with more to spend on our domestic priorities, including, yes, the NHS. We will be able to take back control of our borders – not because I am hostile to immigrants or immigration. Far from it. We need talented people to come and make their lives in this country – doctors, scientists, the coders and programmers who are so crucial to Britain's booming tech economy. It was my proudest boast as Mayor of London that we had 400-thousand French men and women living in the British capital – high-earning and high-spending types – while only about 20-thousand UK nationals went the other way, lived in Paris. We've got to stay that way, we must remain a magnet for ambition and drive. But we also need to ask ourselves some hard questions about the impact of 20 years of uncontrolled immigration by low-skilled, low-wage workers – and what many see as the consequent suppression of wages and failure to invest properly in the skills of indigenous young people. We do not want to haul up the drawbridge; and we certainly don't want to minimise the wonderful contribution they made and certainly we don't want to deter the international students who make such a vital contribution to our Higher Education economy, 155-thousand Chinese students alone, but we want to exercise control; and if we are going to move from a low-wage, low-productivity economy to a high-wage, high productivity economy – as we must – then Brexit gives us back at least one of the levers that we need."

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3. SOUNDBITE (English): Boris Johnson, UK Foreign Secretary

"It would be absurd if we were obliged to obey laws over which we have no say and no vote. As the Prime Minister said at Lancaster House remaining within the single market 'would to all intents and purposes mean not leaving the EU at all.' The British people should not have new laws affecting their everyday lives imposed from abroad, when they have no power to elect or remove those who make those laws."

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4. SOUNDBITE (English): Boris Johnson, UK Foreign Secretary

"We will decide on laws, not according whether they help to build the United States of Europe, noble goal though that may be, but because we want to create the best platform for the economy to grow and to help people live their lives. And the crucial thing is that when we're running ourselves and when all these freedom are open before us, we'll no longer bbe able to blame Brussels for our woes because our problems will be our responsibility and no one else's and indeed no one should think that Brexit is some sort of economic panacea any more than it is right to treat it as an economic pandemic. On the contrary, the success of Brexit will depend on what we make of it."

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5. SOUNDBITE: (English) Boris Johnson, UK Foreign Secretary:

"It's only by taking back control of our laws that UK firms and entrepreneurs will have the freedom to innovate without the risk of having to comply with some directive devised by Brussels at the urgings of some lobby group with the specific aim of holding back a UK competitor. That would be intolerable, it would be undemocratic and it would make it impossible for us to do serious free trade deals. It's only by taking back control of our regulatory framework and our tariff schedules that we can do these deals and exploit the changes in the world economy."

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Britain must leave the EU customs union to strike new trade deals after Brexit, the country's trade minister said in a speech in London on Tuesday, widening a major fissure within British politics over future trade relations with the bloc.

UK International Trade Secretary Liam Fox said 90 percent of global growth in the next 10 to 15 years will be outside Europe, and remaining inside the tariff-free EU trade zone would limit Britain's opportunities to strike new trade deals with the world's fastest-growing economies.

"We cannot afford to be bound by the practices and the patterns of the past. We have to take the opportunities available unfettered by those who would make the rules on our behalf," he said.

But Fox was contradicted by the trade department's former top civil servant, Sir Martin Donnelly, who left his job last year, who said quitting the customs union was like "giving up a three-course meal ... for the promise of a packet of crisps."

He told BBC Radio 4's Today programme that 60 percent of Britain's trade is with the EU or with countries that have EU trade deals.

"The particular choice that I heard Sir Martin Donnelly outline - that was a choice between the European Union and trade opportunities elsewhere and the continuation of EU trade agreements - I don't believe that is the choice that we face," Fox said, when asked to respond to Donnelly's comments.

And commenting on Sir Martin's claim that Britain would need a Fairy Godmother to get a good EU deal Fox said that Britain needed to look "beyond where we are today."

"I understand as I say that those who have been professionally committed to those for many years would want to adhere to them. I want to think beyond where we are today, to the opportunities available to (in) the future," he told reporters.

Fox spoke a day after opposition leader Jeremy Corbyn said his Labour Party would "seek to negotiate a new, comprehensive UK-EU customs union to ensure there are no tariffs with Europe."

The issue is a major fault line in UK Brexit plans. While pro-Brexit politicians such as Fox argue for leaving the customs union and the EU's single market in goods and services, others want Britain to retain close ties with the EU to soften the economic shock of leaving.

UK POOL

London, 27 February 2018

1. Wide of Britain's International Trade Secretary, Liam Fox at lectern UPSOUND (English) Reporter: "Former Permanent Sir Martin Donnelly has likened the plan that you just outlined to swapping a three course meal for a packet of crisps. What's your response to that and are you concerned there are some in the British establishment who still don't accept Brexit and want to stop it?"

2. SOUNDBITE (English) Liam Fox, Britain's International Trade Secretary:

"First of all it's unsurprising that those who spent a lifetime working within the European Union would see moving away from the European Union as being threatening. The particular choice that I heard Sir Martin Donnelly outline - that was a choice between the European Union and trade opportunities elsewhere and the continuation of EU trade agreements - I don't believe that is the choice that we face. We are already trying to seek a full and liberal partnership with the European Union. We are already having discussions about expanding our trade agreements beyond the EU and we're also talking about rolling over the EU agreements into UK law so that we get no disruption in terms of market access at the point of exit. So it's not a choice of one or the other, and in any case I think the UK Brexit process is as we've all discovered a little more complex than a packet of Walkers. When it comes to the other issues is I hope that we'll be able to persuade our colleagues as the prime minister sets out the case that the cabinet decided at Chequers last week that they will find that persuasive and they will understand that the benefits of the approach that the prime minister will set out will actually be to the greater prosperity and security of the people of this country and I hope they will understand that the drawbacks of the customs union that I've set out today would remarkably hinder this country in terms of the future economic opportunities that might otherwise be available.

3. Wide of Fox at lectern

4. SOUNDBITE (English) Liam Fox, Britain's International Trade Secretary UPSOUND (English) Reporter: "Dr Fox, given that your former head of department has said you'd need a Fairy Godmother to get the kind of "have cake and eat it" deal that he says you want with the European Union (reporter appears in shot) and you yourself have said that British business needs to raise its game to take advantage of Brexit. Is the greatest danger that Brexit could lead to national self harm or that there simply aren't enough true believers like you?"

5. SOUNDBITE (English) Liam Fox, Britain's International Trade Secretary:

"I think that we need to set out an ambitious programme for the United Kingdom. It's not about sticking to the patterns of the past. And I understand as I say that those who have been professionally committed to those for many years would want to adhere to them. I want to think beyond where we are today, to the opportunities available to (in) the future. The fact, as I said at the beginning, that the IMF has pointed out that 90 percent of global growth will be outside the European continent in the next 10 to 15 years. We cannot afford to be bound by the practices and the patterns of the past. We have to take the opportunities available unfettered by those who would make the rules on our behalf."

6. Wide of Fox at lectern