FOR CLEAN VERSION SEE STORY NUMBER: 4038463

LEAD IN:

UK wine industry experts are eyeing the upcoming vote on whether to leave the European Union with mixed feelings.

With producers and suppliers heavily reliant on pan-European trade, many remain unsure how Brexit will impact upon business.

STORY-LINE:

Sparkling wine on a summer's day in the English capital.

Glistening flutes and bottles in abundance, and a crowd of happy lunchtime drinkers add to the atmosphere of excitement and discovery, along with an impromptu game of ping pong.

It must be London Wine Week.

This is the third year of the festival, and this year is the most popular to date.

Festival director Emma Murphy says "It's the largest self-guided wine tasting that there is across London. It's kind of the only event of its kind that we have over here. So we work with 125 bars, restaurants, independent merchants who all get involved" .

But although these flutes of fizz are English sparkling wine, much of the wine the festival goers here are tasting is from EU member states such as France, Spain, Portugal, Italy and Germany.

The June 23 referendum on whether to quit the European Union is fast approaching. So is this something the industry should fear?

"I wouldn't have said so," says Murphy.

"Wine trade has been going for long enough, even long before the euro, so I wouldn't have thought that would make much difference to be honest with you. Hopefully not anyway."

At the festival hub on London's Devonshire Square, there are pop-up bars featuring wines from across Europe.

These two young graduate trainees are enjoying wines from Portugal, and with their festival wristband, it costs them just five British Pounds for a flight of three.

Oscar Stenbom and Anna Rogers both agree that things may well be different if Britain leaves the union.

"If it's more expensive for them to send the wine here, if there's more tariffs, then yeah I guess it would be," says Anna, while Oscar is concerned about regulation and labelling:

"It would also be more difficult to know what you are drinking because there won't be as many restrictions on labelling the wine based on where it's actually from and the grape it's actually come from."

The New Street wine shop has been taken over by the wine festival. They sell wines from all over the world but today they are holding a tasting featuring wines from Ribera del Duero in northern Spain.

Most wine drinkers know about the region of Rioja, but Bettina Lemm is informing these festival goers about the region she represents.

"I think they (wines of Ribera del Duero) are still an emerging market, especially in the UK. The UK is an important market for Ribera del Duero, it's the seventh-largest export market for Ribera del Duero but I think that we're still establishing ourselves."

But if the UK is an important export market, is Brexit going to throw the proverbial spanner into the works? Lemm doesn't seem too worried "I think at the moment we're pretty confident as we've seen year to year that exports have grown. I think that's going to continue and I don't think it's a worry that we have at the moment," she says.

Wine used to have a rather old fashioned reputation and a comparatively elderly demographic, but this has changed enormously in recent years.

The prevalence of wine clubs popping up in the UK is an indicator of wine's increasing popularity.

Tom Harrow of Honest Grapes explains why this is "I think this is because people want to engage more with what's in the bottle. It's not just liquid, they want to know the stories behind it, they want to meet the people involved. And there's the sociable aspect, you know wine is fundamentally something which we do with other people," he says.

With 125 venues across the metropolis taking part in this festival, there's plenty of opportunity to enjoy it with friends.

But with such enthusiasm for wine spreading across the country, June 23 could bring disruption, according to Harrow "It's fair to say that we're a bit concerned about the possibilities of Brexit, I think the rising price of the euro against the pound will have a serious effect on quality wine. At the moment more than 60 percent of wine that comes into the UK is shipped in massive great tankers and bottled over here and that's not something we get involved with. But that becomes the only affordable way if the pound plummets against the euro. So I think that it won't be a good thing initially for the wine consumer because the prices of these small artisan wines will go up" .

However, the future might be bright in other, unexpected ways.

"All the English wine makers that I speak to say we are half a degree away from being a perfect climate for sparkling wines at least," says Harrow, and with apologies to climate change icon Al Gore, he adds that "global warming is a good thing for the UK sparkling wine trade."

Reports by the WSTA (Wine and Spirit Trade Association) suggest there is still some way to go as the UK comes in at number six on the list of sales of sparkling wine by origin - but it's rising year on year.

600 million bottles of wine are bottled in the UK.

This makes the UK wine market the sixth largest in the world, generating 173 billion British pounds of economic activity, according to the WSTA. 10 billion British pounds are made through sales.

Also being showcased here is one of the new kids on the alcohol block, Regal Rogue Vermouth.

According to brand founder Mark Ward, vermouth, by definition, is 75 percent wine. It must have wormwood and it must have an ABV (alcohol by volume) of 15 to 24 percent. These three things have to be in place for a producer to put vermouth on the bottle or it flouts recent EU regulations.

Ward, who was brought up in hospitality, began the project in Australia where he worked closely with top Australian chefs who introduced him to indigenous herbs and spices.

"It seemed like a really obvious thing to do, marrying the herbs and spices with this abundance of Australian wine to create a New World style of vermouth. And you know the tradition of vermouth is really led by the European markets. You know, Italian, French, now Spanish - but now there are vermouths coming out of America, the UK, Germany and obviously Australia. So pretty much anywhere where you find wine now, you will find a vermouth of some sort." he says.

Ward is attempting to educate the wine drinking market which, he believes, is mostly unaware of the fact that vermouth is fundamentally a wine.

This can only be helped by a new pop up for 2016, the Vermouth Bar.

The parent company of London Wine Week is the aptly named "Drink Up London", and they're already preparing for the 2017 event - Brexit or no Brexit.

FOR CLEAN VERSION SEE STORY NUMBER: 4038463

LEAD IN:

UK wine industry experts are eyeing the upcoming vote on whether to leave the European Union with mixed feelings.

With producers and suppliers heavily reliant on pan-European trade, many remain unsure how Brexit will impact upon business.

STORY-LINE:

Sparkling wine on a summer's day in the English capital.

Glistening flutes and bottles in abundance, and a crowd of happy lunchtime drinkers add to the atmosphere of excitement and discovery, along with an impromptu game of ping pong.

It must be London Wine Week.

This is the third year of the festival, and this year is the most popular to date.

Festival director Emma Murphy says "It's the largest self-guided wine tasting that there is across London. It's kind of the only event of its kind that we have over here. So we work with 125 bars, restaurants, independent merchants who all get involved" .

But although these flutes of fizz are English sparkling wine, much of the wine the festival goers here are tasting is from EU member states such as France, Spain, Portugal, Italy and Germany.

The June 23 referendum on whether to quit the European Union is fast approaching. So is this something the industry should fear?

"I wouldn't have said so," says Murphy.

"Wine trade has been going for long enough, even long before the euro, so I wouldn't have thought that would make much difference to be honest with you. Hopefully not anyway."

At the festival hub on London's Devonshire Square, there are pop-up bars featuring wines from across Europe.

These two young graduate trainees are enjoying wines from Portugal, and with their festival wristband, it costs them just five British Pounds for a flight of three.

Oscar Stenbom and Anna Rogers both agree that things may well be different if Britain leaves the union.

"If it's more expensive for them to send the wine here, if there's more tariffs, then yeah I guess it would be," says Anna, while Oscar is concerned about regulation and labelling:

"It would also be more difficult to know what you are drinking because there won't be as many restrictions on labelling the wine based on where it's actually from and the grape it's actually come from."

The New Street wine shop has been taken over by the wine festival. They sell wines from all over the world but today they are holding a tasting featuring wines from Ribera del Duero in northern Spain.

Most wine drinkers know about the region of Rioja, but Bettina Lemm is informing these festival goers about the region she represents.

"I think they (wines of Ribera del Duero) are still an emerging market, especially in the UK. The UK is an important market for Ribera del Duero, it's the seventh-largest export market for Ribera del Duero but I think that we're still establishing ourselves."

But if the UK is an important export market, is Brexit going to throw the proverbial spanner into the works? Lemm doesn't seem too worried "I think at the moment we're pretty confident as we've seen year to year that exports have grown. I think that's going to continue and I don't think it's a worry that we have at the moment," she says.

Wine used to have a rather old fashioned reputation and a comparatively elderly demographic, but this has changed enormously in recent years.

The prevalence of wine clubs popping up in the UK is an indicator of wine's increasing popularity.

Tom Harrow of Honest Grapes explains why this is "I think this is because people want to engage more with what's in the bottle. It's not just liquid, they want to know the stories behind it, they want to meet the people involved. And there's the sociable aspect, you know wine is fundamentally something which we do with other people," he says.

With 125 venues across the metropolis taking part in this festival, there's plenty of opportunity to enjoy it with friends.

But with such enthusiasm for wine spreading across the country, June 23 could bring disruption, according to Harrow "It's fair to say that we're a bit concerned about the possibilities of Brexit, I think the rising price of the euro against the pound will have a serious effect on quality wine. At the moment more than 60 percent of wine that comes into the UK is shipped in massive great tankers and bottled over here and that's not something we get involved with. But that becomes the only affordable way if the pound plummets against the euro. So I think that it won't be a good thing initially for the wine consumer because the prices of these small artisan wines will go up" .

However, the future might be bright in other, unexpected ways.

"All the English wine makers that I speak to say we are half a degree away from being a perfect climate for sparkling wines at least," says Harrow, and with apologies to climate change icon Al Gore, he adds that "global warming is a good thing for the UK sparkling wine trade."

Reports by the WSTA (Wine and Spirit Trade Association) suggest there is still some way to go as the UK comes in at number six on the list of sales of sparkling wine by origin - but it's rising year on year.

600 million bottles of wine are bottled in the UK.

This makes the UK wine market the sixth largest in the world, generating 173 billion British pounds of economic activity, according to the WSTA. 10 billion British pounds are made through sales.

Also being showcased here is one of the new kids on the alcohol block, Regal Rogue Vermouth.

According to brand founder Mark Ward, vermouth, by definition, is 75 percent wine. It must have wormwood and it must have an ABV (alcohol by volume) of 15 to 24 percent. These three things have to be in place for a producer to put vermouth on the bottle or it flouts recent EU regulations.

Ward, who was brought up in hospitality, began the project in Australia where he worked closely with top Australian chefs who introduced him to indigenous herbs and spices.

"It seemed like a really obvious thing to do, marrying the herbs and spices with this abundance of Australian wine to create a New World style of vermouth. And you know the tradition of vermouth is really led by the European markets. You know, Italian, French, now Spanish - but now there are vermouths coming out of America, the UK, Germany and obviously Australia. So pretty much anywhere where you find wine now, you will find a vermouth of some sort." he says.

Ward is attempting to educate the wine drinking market which, he believes, is mostly unaware of the fact that vermouth is fundamentally a wine.

This can only be helped by a new pop up for 2016, the Vermouth Bar.

The parent company of London Wine Week is the aptly named "Drink Up London", and they're already preparing for the 2017 event - Brexit or no Brexit.

AP Television

London - 27 May 2016

1. Close of wine glasses

2. Bartender pouring sparkling wine

3. Tilt down on central courtyard at Devonshire Square, the hub for London Wine Week

4. Group of friends enjoying English sparkling wine

5. Men playing table tennis

6. Sign reading (English) "London Wine Week"

7. Set up shot of Emma Murphy, director of London Wine Week

8. SOUNDBITE (English) Emma Murphy, director of London Wine Week

"What's unique about it? It's the largest self-guided wine tasting that there is across London. It's kind of the only event of its kind that we have over here. So we work with 125 bars, restaurants, independent merchants who all get involved whether that's with offers, special menus or ticketed events across the week."

9. Two women with wine flight selection

10. SOUNDBITE (English) Emma Murphy, director of London Wine Week

(Responding to the question Do you think a Brexit will affect the wine industry negatively?)

"I wouldn't have said so, because I mean, I think, you know, wine trade has been going for long enough, even long before the euro, so I wouldn't have thought that would make much difference to be honest with you. Hopefully not anyway."

11. Sign reading (English) "Pop into our pop up wine bars"

12. Various of Portuguese wine pop up

13. Mid of graduate trainees in insurance Oscar Stenpom and Anna Rogers

14. Flight of Portuguese wines

15. SOUNDBITE (English) Oscar Stenbom and Anna Rogers, Insurance Graduate Trainees:

(Responding to question Do you think a Brexit will mean it will be more difficult for people to access quality wine?)

Stenbom: "Yes,"

Rogers: "I guess so, I mean if it's more expensive for them to send the wine here, if there's more tariffs, then yeah I guess it would be."

Stenbom: "It would also be more difficult to know what you're drinking, because there won't be as many restrictions on labelling the wine based on where it's actually from and the grape it's actually come from."

16. Pull focus of Spanish wine labels

17. Vintage bottles of fortified wine

18. Side view of Spanish wine bottles

19. Set up shot of Bettina Lemm with wines from Ribera del Duero in northern Spain

20. SOUNDBITE (English) Bettina Lemm, Westbury Communications (which represents the Ribera del Duero region in the UK):

"I think they (wines of Ribera del Duero) are still an emerging market, especially in the UK. The UK is an important market for Ribera del Duero, it's the seventh-largest export market for Ribera del Duero, but I think that we're still establishing ourselves. A lot of people know some big names from the region, and we're just trying to bring attention to some other grape producers who might not yet have the same recognition."

21. Close of wine labels

22. SOUNDBITE (English) Bettina Lemm, Westbury Communications (who represent the Ribera del Duero region in the UK):

(Responding to the question are you worried about the possibility of a Brexit affecting your export market?)

"I think at the moment we're pretty confident, as we've seen year to year that exports have grown. I think that's going to continue and I don't think it's a worry that we have at the moment."

23. Pan from mediaeval knight sculpture to pop up courtyard

24. Mid of Provence wines pop up

25. Establisher shot of Tom Harrow, wine director of Honest Grapes Wine Club

26. Close of Harrow eyeing the wine

27. SOUNDBITE (English) Tom Harrow, wine director of Honest Grapes:

"There's been a real rise in wine clubs in London and the UK generally of late, and I think this is because people want to engage more with what's in the bottle. It's not just liquid, they want to know the stories behind it, they want to meet the people involved. And there's the sociable aspect, you know wine is fundamentally something which we do with other people."

28. Mid of woman laughing over a glass of wine

29. SOUNDBITE (English) Tom Harrow, wine director of Honest Grapes:

"It's fair to say that we're a bit concerned about the possibilities of Brexit, I think the rising price of the euro against the pound will have a serious effect on quality wine. At the moment more than 60 percent of wine that comes into the UK is shipped in massive great tankers and then bottled over here and that's not something we get involved with. But that becomes the only affordable way if the pound plummets against the euro. So I think that it won't be a good thing initially for the wine consumer because the prices of these small artisan wines will go up."

30. Woman at table with wine

31. SOUNDBITE (English) Tom Harrow, wine director of Honest Grapes:

"All the English wine makers that I speak to say we are half a degree away from being a perfect climate for sparkling wines at least - and even the whites, and to an extent the reds are really coming up. So I have to say it - sorry Al Gore - global warming is a good thing for the UK sparkling wine trade."

32. Various of English rose and white sparkling wines

33. Vermouth being poured into a glass

34. Various of "Regal Rogue" Vermouth bottle

35. Tilt up of Mark Ward, founder of Regal Rogue vermouth, and his produce

36. SOUNDBITE (English) Mark Ward, founder of Regal Rogue vermouth:

"It seemed like a really obvious thing to do, marrying the herbs and spices with this abundance of Australian wine to create a New World style of vermouth. And you know the tradition of vermouth is really led by the European markets. You know, Italian, French, now Spanish - but now there are vermouths coming out of America, the UK, Germany and obviously Australia. So pretty much anywhere where you find wine now, you will find a vermouth of some sort."

37. Crowd of London Wine Week attendees at the Vermouth Bar

38. Mid of vermouth cocktails being made

39. Focus pull of sign reading (English) "Drink Up"

LENGTH: 6:02

LEAD IN:

UK wine industry experts are eyeing the upcoming vote on whether to leave the European Union with mixed feelings.

With producers and suppliers heavily reliant on pan-European trade, many remain unsure how Brexit will impact upon business.

STORY-LINE:

Sparkling wine on a summer's day in the English capital.

Glistening flutes and bottles in abundance, and a crowd of happy lunchtime drinkers add to the atmosphere of excitement and discovery, along with an impromptu game of ping pong.

It must be London Wine Week.

This is the third year of the festival, and this year is the most popular to date.

Festival director Emma Murphy says "It's the largest self-guided wine tasting that there is across London. It's kind of the only event of its kind that we have over here. So we work with 125 bars, restaurants, independent merchants who all get involved" .

But although these flutes of fizz are English sparkling wine, much of the wine the festival goers here are tasting is from EU member states such as France, Spain, Portugal, Italy and Germany.

The June 23 referendum on whether to quit the European Union is fast approaching. So is this something the industry should fear?

"I wouldn't have said so," says Murphy.

"Wine trade has been going for long enough, even long before the euro, so I wouldn't have thought that would make much difference to be honest with you. Hopefully not anyway."

At the festival hub on London's Devonshire Square, there are pop-up bars featuring wines from across Europe.

These two young graduate trainees are enjoying wines from Portugal, and with their festival wristband, it costs them just five British Pounds for a flight of three.

Oscar Stenbom and Anna Rogers both agree that things may well be different if Britain leaves the union.

"If it's more expensive for them to send the wine here, if there's more tariffs, then yeah I guess it would be," says Anna, while Oscar is concerned about regulation and labelling:

"It would also be more difficult to know what you are drinking because there won't be as many restrictions on labelling the wine based on where it's actually from and the grape it's actually come from."

The New Street wine shop has been taken over by the wine festival. They sell wines from all over the world but today they are holding a tasting featuring wines from Ribera del Duero in northern Spain.

Most wine drinkers know about the region of Rioja, but Bettina Lemm is informing these festival goers about the region she represents.

"I think they (wines of Ribera del Duero) are still an emerging market, especially in the UK. The UK is an important market for Ribera del Duero, it's the seventh-largest export market for Ribera del Duero but I think that we're still establishing ourselves."

But if the UK is an important export market, is Brexit going to throw the proverbial spanner into the works? Lemm doesn't seem too worried "I think at the moment we're pretty confident as we've seen year to year that exports have grown. I think that's going to continue and I don't think it's a worry that we have at the moment," she says.

Wine used to have a rather old fashioned reputation and a comparatively elderly demographic, but this has changed enormously in recent years.

The prevalence of wine clubs popping up in the UK is an indicator of wine's increasing popularity.

Tom Harrow of Honest Grapes explains why this is "I think this is because people want to engage more with what's in the bottle. It's not just liquid, they want to know the stories behind it, they want to meet the people involved. And there's the sociable aspect, you know wine is fundamentally something which we do with other people," he says.

With 125 venues across the metropolis taking part in this festival, there's plenty of opportunity to enjoy it with friends.

But with such enthusiasm for wine spreading across the country, June 23 could bring disruption, according to Harrow "It's fair to say that we're a bit concerned about the possibilities of Brexit, I think the rising price of the euro against the pound will have a serious effect on quality wine. At the moment more than 60 percent of wine that comes into the UK is shipped in massive great tankers and bottled over here and that's not something we get involved with. But that becomes the only affordable way if the pound plummets against the euro. So I think that it won't be a good thing initially for the wine consumer because the prices of these small artisan wines will go up" .

However, the future might be bright in other, unexpected ways.

"All the English wine makers that I speak to say we are half a degree away from being a perfect climate for sparkling wines at least," says Harrow, and with apologies to climate change icon Al Gore, he adds that "global warming is a good thing for the UK sparkling wine trade."

Reports by the WSTA (Wine and Spirit Trade Association) suggest there is still some way to go as the UK comes in at number six on the list of sales of sparkling wine by origin - but it's rising year on year.

600 million bottles of wine are bottled in the UK.

This makes the UK wine market the sixth largest in the world, generating 173 billion British pounds of economic activity, according to the WSTA. 10 billion British pounds are made through sales.

Also being showcased here is one of the new kids on the alcohol block, Regal Rogue Vermouth.

According to brand founder Mark Ward, vermouth, by definition, is 75 percent wine. It must have wormwood and it must have an ABV (alcohol by volume) of 15 to 24 percent. These three things have to be in place for a producer to put vermouth on the bottle or it flouts recent EU regulations.

Ward, who was brought up in hospitality, began the project in Australia where he worked closely with top Australian chefs who introduced him to indigenous herbs and spices.

"It seemed like a really obvious thing to do, marrying the herbs and spices with this abundance of Australian wine to create a New World style of vermouth. And you know the tradition of vermouth is really led by the European markets. You know, Italian, French, now Spanish - but now there are vermouths coming out of America, the UK, Germany and obviously Australia. So pretty much anywhere where you find wine now, you will find a vermouth of some sort." he says.

Ward is attempting to educate the wine drinking market which, he believes, is mostly unaware of the fact that vermouth is fundamentally a wine.

This can only be helped by a new pop up for 2016, the Vermouth Bar.

The parent company of London Wine Week is the aptly named "Drink Up London", and they're already preparing for the 2017 event - Brexit or no Brexit.

LEAD IN:

UK wine industry experts are eyeing the upcoming vote on whether to leave the European Union with mixed feelings.

With producers and suppliers heavily reliant on pan-European trade, many remain unsure how Brexit will impact upon business.

STORY-LINE:

Sparkling wine on a summer's day in the English capital.

Glistening flutes and bottles in abundance, and a crowd of happy lunchtime drinkers add to the atmosphere of excitement and discovery, along with an impromptu game of ping pong.

It must be London Wine Week.

This is the third year of the festival, and this year is the most popular to date.

Festival director Emma Murphy says "It's the largest self-guided wine tasting that there is across London. It's kind of the only event of its kind that we have over here. So we work with 125 bars, restaurants, independent merchants who all get involved" .

But although these flutes of fizz are English sparkling wine, much of the wine the festival goers here are tasting is from EU member states such as France, Spain, Portugal, Italy and Germany.

The June 23 referendum on whether to quit the European Union is fast approaching. So is this something the industry should fear?

"I wouldn't have said so," says Murphy.

"Wine trade has been going for long enough, even long before the euro, so I wouldn't have thought that would make much difference to be honest with you. Hopefully not anyway."

At the festival hub on London's Devonshire Square, there are pop-up bars featuring wines from across Europe.

These two young graduate trainees are enjoying wines from Portugal, and with their festival wristband, it costs them just five British Pounds for a flight of three.

Oscar Stenbom and Anna Rogers both agree that things may well be different if Britain leaves the union.

"If it's more expensive for them to send the wine here, if there's more tariffs, then yeah I guess it would be," says Anna, while Oscar is concerned about regulation and labelling:

"It would also be more difficult to know what you are drinking because there won't be as many restrictions on labelling the wine based on where it's actually from and the grape it's actually come from."

The New Street wine shop has been taken over by the wine festival. They sell wines from all over the world but today they are holding a tasting featuring wines from Ribera del Duero in northern Spain.

Most wine drinkers know about the region of Rioja, but Bettina Lemm is informing these festival goers about the region she represents.

"I think they (wines of Ribera del Duero) are still an emerging market, especially in the UK. The UK is an important market for Ribera del Duero, it's the seventh-largest export market for Ribera del Duero but I think that we're still establishing ourselves."

But if the UK is an important export market, is Brexit going to throw the proverbial spanner into the works? Lemm doesn't seem too worried "I think at the moment we're pretty confident as we've seen year to year that exports have grown. I think that's going to continue and I don't think it's a worry that we have at the moment," she says.

Wine used to have a rather old fashioned reputation and a comparatively elderly demographic, but this has changed enormously in recent years.

The prevalence of wine clubs popping up in the UK is an indicator of wine's increasing popularity.

Tom Harrow of Honest Grapes explains why this is "I think this is because people want to engage more with what's in the bottle. It's not just liquid, they want to know the stories behind it, they want to meet the people involved. And there's the sociable aspect, you know wine is fundamentally something which we do with other people," he says.

With 125 venues across the metropolis taking part in this festival, there's plenty of opportunity to enjoy it with friends.

But with such enthusiasm for wine spreading across the country, June 23 could bring disruption, according to Harrow "It's fair to say that we're a bit concerned about the possibilities of Brexit, I think the rising price of the euro against the pound will have a serious effect on quality wine. At the moment more than 60 percent of wine that comes into the UK is shipped in massive great tankers and bottled over here and that's not something we get involved with. But that becomes the only affordable way if the pound plummets against the euro. So I think that it won't be a good thing initially for the wine consumer because the prices of these small artisan wines will go up" .

However, the future might be bright in other, unexpected ways.

"All the English wine makers that I speak to say we are half a degree away from being a perfect climate for sparkling wines at least," says Harrow, and with apologies to climate change icon Al Gore, he adds that "global warming is a good thing for the UK sparkling wine trade."

Reports by the WSTA (Wine and Spirit Trade Association) suggest there is still some way to go as the UK comes in at number six on the list of sales of sparkling wine by origin - but it's rising year on year.

600 million bottles of wine are bottled in the UK.

This makes the UK wine market the sixth largest in the world, generating 173 billion British pounds of economic activity, according to the WSTA. 10 billion British pounds are made through sales.

Also being showcased here is one of the new kids on the alcohol block, Regal Rogue Vermouth.

According to brand founder Mark Ward, vermouth, by definition, is 75 percent wine. It must have wormwood and it must have an ABV (alcohol by volume) of 15 to 24 percent. These three things have to be in place for a producer to put vermouth on the bottle or it flouts recent EU regulations.

Ward, who was brought up in hospitality, began the project in Australia where he worked closely with top Australian chefs who introduced him to indigenous herbs and spices.

"It seemed like a really obvious thing to do, marrying the herbs and spices with this abundance of Australian wine to create a New World style of vermouth. And you know the tradition of vermouth is really led by the European markets. You know, Italian, French, now Spanish - but now there are vermouths coming out of America, the UK, Germany and obviously Australia. So pretty much anywhere where you find wine now, you will find a vermouth of some sort." he says.

Ward is attempting to educate the wine drinking market which, he believes, is mostly unaware of the fact that vermouth is fundamentally a wine.

This can only be helped by a new pop up for 2016, the Vermouth Bar.

The parent company of London Wine Week is the aptly named "Drink Up London", and they're already preparing for the 2017 event - Brexit or no Brexit.

AP Television

London - 27 May 2016

1. Close of wine glasses

2. Bartender pouring sparkling wine

3. Tilt down on central courtyard at Devonshire Square, the hub for London Wine Week

4. Group of friends enjoying English sparkling wine

5. Men playing table tennis

6. Sign reading (English) "London Wine Week"

7. Set up shot of Emma Murphy, director of London Wine Week

8. SOUNDBITE (English) Emma Murphy, director of London Wine Week

"What's unique about it? It's the largest self-guided wine tasting that there is across London. It's kind of the only event of its kind that we have over here. So we work with 125 bars, restaurants, independent merchants who all get involved whether that's with offers, special menus or ticketed events across the week."

9. Two women with wine flight selection

10. SOUNDBITE (English) Emma Murphy, director of London Wine Week

(Responding to the question Do you think a Brexit will affect the wine industry negatively?)

"I wouldn't have said so, because I mean, I think, you know, wine trade has been going for long enough, even long before the euro, so I wouldn't have thought that would make much difference to be honest with you. Hopefully not anyway."

11. Sign reading (English) "Pop into our pop up wine bars"

12. Various of Portuguese wine pop up

13. Mid of graduate trainees in insurance Oscar Stenpom and Anna Rogers

14. Flight of Portuguese wines

15. SOUNDBITE (English) Oscar Stenbom and Anna Rogers, Insurance Graduate Trainees:

(Responding to question Do you think a Brexit will mean it will be more difficult for people to access quality wine?)

Stenbom: "Yes,"

Rogers: "I guess so, I mean if it's more expensive for them to send the wine here, if there's more tariffs, then yeah I guess it would be."

Stenbom: "It would also be more difficult to know what you're drinking, because there won't be as many restrictions on labelling the wine based on where it's actually from and the grape it's actually come from."

16. Pull focus of Spanish wine labels

17. Vintage bottles of fortified wine

18. Side view of Spanish wine bottles

19. Set up shot of Bettina Lemm with wines from Ribera del Duero in northern Spain

20. SOUNDBITE (English) Bettina Lemm, Westbury Communications (which represents the Ribera del Duero region in the UK):

"I think they (wines of Ribera del Duero) are still an emerging market, especially in the UK. The UK is an important market for Ribera del Duero, it's the seventh-largest export market for Ribera del Duero, but I think that we're still establishing ourselves. A lot of people know some big names from the region, and we're just trying to bring attention to some other grape producers who might not yet have the same recognition."

21. Close of wine labels

22. SOUNDBITE (English) Bettina Lemm, Westbury Communications (who represent the Ribera del Duero region in the UK):

(Responding to the question are you worried about the possibility of a Brexit affecting your export market?)

"I think at the moment we're pretty confident, as we've seen year to year that exports have grown. I think that's going to continue and I don't think it's a worry that we have at the moment."

23. Pan from mediaeval knight sculpture to pop up courtyard

24. Mid of Provence wines pop up

25. Establisher shot of Tom Harrow, wine director of Honest Grapes Wine Club

26. Close of Harrow eyeing the wine

27. SOUNDBITE (English) Tom Harrow, wine director of Honest Grapes:

"There's been a real rise in wine clubs in London and the UK generally of late, and I think this is because people want to engage more with what's in the bottle. It's not just liquid, they want to know the stories behind it, they want to meet the people involved. And there's the sociable aspect, you know wine is fundamentally something which we do with other people."

28. Mid of woman laughing over a glass of wine

29. SOUNDBITE (English) Tom Harrow, wine director of Honest Grapes:

"It's fair to say that we're a bit concerned about the possibilities of Brexit, I think the rising price of the euro against the pound will have a serious effect on quality wine. At the moment more than 60 percent of wine that comes into the UK is shipped in massive great tankers and then bottled over here and that's not something we get involved with. But that becomes the only affordable way if the pound plummets against the euro. So I think that it won't be a good thing initially for the wine consumer because the prices of these small artisan wines will go up."

30. Woman at table with wine

31. SOUNDBITE (English) Tom Harrow, wine director of Honest Grapes:

"All the English wine makers that I speak to say we are half a degree away from being a perfect climate for sparkling wines at least - and even the whites, and to an extent the reds are really coming up. So I have to say it - sorry Al Gore - global warming is a good thing for the UK sparkling wine trade."

32. Various of English rose and white sparkling wines

33. Vermouth being poured into a glass

34. Various of "Regal Rogue" Vermouth bottle

35. Tilt up of Mark Ward, founder of Regal Rogue vermouth, and his produce

36. SOUNDBITE (English) Mark Ward, founder of Regal Rogue vermouth:

"It seemed like a really obvious thing to do, marrying the herbs and spices with this abundance of Australian wine to create a New World style of vermouth. And you know the tradition of vermouth is really led by the European markets. You know, Italian, French, now Spanish - but now there are vermouths coming out of America, the UK, Germany and obviously Australia. So pretty much anywhere where you find wine now, you will find a vermouth of some sort."

37. Crowd of London Wine Week attendees at the Vermouth Bar

38. Mid of vermouth cocktails being made

39. Focus pull of sign reading (English) "Drink Up"

LENGTH: 6:02

LEAD IN:

Brexit has cast uncertainty over the future of thousands of British residents living in Spain's Costa del Sol.

EU leaders are due soon to begin unprecedented - and knotty - negotiations on how to extricate the UK from the bloc.

Some Britons living in Spain are considering changing nationality and brushing up on their Spanish language skills.

STORY-LINE:

A cloud of uncertainty hangs over British expats in Spain.

Nobody is saying what the rights of Britons living in the EU might be in a future outside the bloc. Many are worried about losing entitlements in Spain, which is part of the EU.

A dozen students, most of them British pensioners who have been living in the "Costa del Sol" for decades, have joined a new Spanish Nationality Course at the Parnell Academy in Mijas.

They're learning the basics of the language, as well as some local history and culture, to prepare for two exams that must be taken ahead of being granted Spanish Nationality.

"I really have no intention of going back to the UK", says Lesley Lawrence, one of the students, who has been living in Spain for around 20 years.

"It's possible that I will change my nationality because of the Brexit vote", she adds. "It depends how things go after they trigger article 50, because until then we don't know how it's going to affect us."

Another student Philip Hubner has owned a house in Spain for 17 years and moved to Mijas full time two years ago. He is now keen to mingle more with the local Spaniards.

"I'm going to make a determined effort to learn the language to integrate with the local people here in Spain. I know a few words, I know how to buy...get a beer, "cerveza", …, "la cuenta por favor", could I have the bill?"

The owner of the school, Richard Parnell, is familiar with both countries. He was born in Britain and has lived in Spain since he was 5 years old.

After the Brexit result he started the course to help his fellow Brits living in Spain to cope with the long term implications.

"I saw the fallout of the vote to leave and I knew that myself, as a foreigner living in Spain, I would have certain problems and I knew that there would be other people. I was thinking of opening an academy anyway, well, why not make a course that would make these people who need to learn Spanish and maybe help them get the Spanish nationality," he explains.

The value of the British currency is another major concern. Many retired expats, live on a U.K. pension that is sent in pounds and pensioners must exchange that income to the Euro, which is used in Spain.

The pound has lost almost a fifth of its value since June 23.

Shortly after the Brexit vote, Anne Hernandez, a decades-long British resident in Mijas, co-founded the 'Brexpats in Spain' association, to try to address those fears.

"Having met people come to us asking for help, we've identified a list of priorities and obviously everybody's individual, but there are general priorities, being for example: health care, pensions, finance and banking, education, and nationality," she says.

The association currently has 2,800 members and has expanded outside the borders of Mijas to other towns along the coast.

The local mayor's office estimates that there are 11,000 British residents in Mijas, out of a total population of 80,000, so the mayor takes a strong interest in their concerns.

"We in the town hall have offered the association that has been created, the Brexpat association which intends to unite all these British people who feel helpless, defenceless or disoriented, all the help that we can provide from Mijas, with the goal of extending (movement) along the "Costa del Sol". Around 65,000 British live in the province of Malaga, so it's a significant part of the population," explains Juan Carlos Maldonado, the mayor of Mijas.

"When the results of the Brexit (referendum) were known, a big uncertainty was created. We're talking about the (local) economy, because it's tourism, residential tourism, and in the local administration this uncertainty creates a concern, because we know how important tourism is for us," he adds.

An estimated 1.2 million Britons live in other EU countries, many of them in France, Spain and Portugal, according to Britain's House of Commons library.

But analysts believe the true number could be at least double that — and maybe a lot more, because many don't bother registering with their embassies or the local authorities.

Mijas, Malaga - October 6, 2016

1. Wide of coastal area of Mijas

2. Pan of typical apartments in the area and people walking by the sea side

3. Mid of people having drinks on a terrace

4. Various of British pensioners taking Spanish classes in the Parnell School

5. Set up Lesley Lawrence

6. SOUNDBITE (English) Lesley Lawrence, Student of Spanish Nationality Course:

"It's possible that I will change the nationality because of the Brexit vote. It depends how things go after they trigger article 50, because until then we don't know really how it's going to affect us. But if it does affect me and it's better for me to speak and live in Spain, then I shall stay in Spain, rather than go back to the UK. I really have no intention of going back to the UK."

7. Wide of teacher at whiteboard

8. Close up of Lawerence

9. SOUNDBITE (English) Lesley Lawrence, Student of Spanish Nationality Course:

"I was very disappointed with the vote, to put it mildly. I wasn't allowed to vote because I've been living in Spain too long and I felt that was very unjust. It is an European issue, it's not just an issue in Britain and the effects of Brexit are going to affect those of us who've lived in Spain for a long time. It's already affected me, I'm retired, it's affected my pension."

10. Teacher at the whiteboard

11. Mid of students

12. Close of hand writing

13. SOUNDBITE (English) Philip Hubner, Student of Spanish Nationality Course:

"I'm going to make a determined effort to learn the language to integrate with the local people here in Spain. I know a few words, I know how to buy...get a beer, "cerveza", …, "la cuenta por favor", could I have the bill?"

14. Richard Parnell talking to students

15. SOUNDBITE (English) Richard Parnell, Parnell Academy:

"I saw the fallout of the vote to leave and I knew that myself, as a foreigner living in Spain, I would have certain problems and I knew that there would be other people. I was thinking of opening an academy anyway, well, why not make a course that would help these people who need to learn Spanish and maybe help them get their Spanish nationality".

16. Various of Anne Hernandez sitting at a terrace drinking coffee

17. SOUNDBITE (English) Anne Hernandez, University lecturer and co-founder of 'Brexpats in Spain' association:

"Having met people come to us asking for help, we've identified a list of priorities and obviously everybody's individual, but there are general priorities, being for example: health care, pensions, finance and banking, education, and nationality."

18. Mid of Juan Carlos Maldonado, mayor of Mijas, working in his office

19. SOUNDBITE (Spanish) Juan Carlos Maldonado, Mayor of Mijas:

"We in the town hall have offered the association that has been created, the Brexpat association which intends to unite all these British people who feel helpless, defenceless or disoriented, all the help that we can provide from Mijas, with the goal of extending (movement) along the "Costa del Sol". Around 65,000 British live in the province of Malaga, so it's a significant part of the population".

20. Close of Maldonado

21. SOUNDBITE (Spanish) Juan Carlos Maldonado, Mayor of Mijas:

"When the results of the Brexit (referendum) were known, a big uncertainty was created. We're talking about the (local) economy, because it's tourism, residential tourism, and in the local administration this uncertainty creates a concern, because we know how important tourism is for us".

22. Various of woman on beach

23. Various of Royal Beach bar in a predominantly British residential area of Mijas called Calahonda

24. Pan of beach and the owner of Royal Beach talking

25. SOUNDBITE (Spanish) Sergio Morales, co-owner of Royal Beach bar in Mijas:

"Most of our clients here, around 80% of them, are British. And then a few of everything: Dutch, Germans, Norwegians, Spaniards… a bit of everything, but the most abundant in Calahonda is the British".

26. Various of people at the seaside

27. Wide of the beach

28. Wide of people on the beach

LEAD IN:

Science research and development in the UK may face an uncertain future following last week's Brexit decision, but that isn't stopping the UK's top robotics companies.

They've been showing off their latest flying, shape-shifting – and in some cases potentially life changing – inventions at Britain's first Robotics Week.

STORY-LINE:

From shape-changing robots to dexterous mechanical arms, the latest in robotics was on show at the UK's first ever Robotics Week.

The event, from the 25 June to the 1 July, aims to get the British public engaged with developments and debates around robotics.

This shape-shifting robot is designed to manoeuvre over a variety of terrains to access hard to reach places, making it useful in the aftermath of a natural disaster.

But, taking place just days after the seismic political shift caused by the Brexit referendum, the impact of leaving the European Union was also at the forefront of people's minds.

Around 18.3 per cent of the funds the UK receives from the EU goes towards funding scientific research and development, a House of Lords committee said recently.

But Paul Newman, BP Professor of Information Engineering at the University of Oxford, says the UK's scientific community will continue to cooperate with others around the world whatever happens.

"Science doesn't respect national borders, we're part of a global community" he says.

While fans of the Terminator films may fear the rise of the robots, exhibitors at the event were keen to show how robotics can protect people.

The Shadow Dextrous Hand, made by the Shadow Robot Company, can be used for situations such as bomb disposal.

Armando De La Rosa, head of dexterous manipulation at Shadow Robot Company, says: "If you think of in bomb disposal and nuclear commissioning, this is often where you need human dexterity but you don't want a human nearby. This can be attached to a robot arm, to a little rover, and send it on its way and you have the operator somewhere else, at a safe distance, being able to remotely operate the hand to do whatever needs doing and if something goes wrong the operator is at no risk."

De La Rosa thinks that robotics are not just science fiction, but increasingly part of daily life.

"Robots are just going everywhere, in our homes, into space, into industry so the dream is not just in space but just robots everywhere making everybody's life better," he says.

While the Shadow Dextrous Hand is currently too heavy to be used as a prosthetic, other artificial limbs were on show.

Basingstoke-based company Blatchford demonstrated its Linx Limb, which it claims is the most advanced prosthetic limb in the world.

It was the recent winner of the UK's leading prize for innovation in engineering, the MacRobert Award from the Royal Academy of Engineering.

Dr Saeed Zahedi, technical director at Blatchford, explains: "This is the first integrated limb where the ankle and knee, they talk to each other, and behave in a coordinated manner."

"So for example if the amputee is going down the slope it would provide a break at the ankle as well as a break at the knee. An array of sensors at the knee and the ankle, they provide the information to each other so it can coordinate and synchronise and predict what the person is going to do in the same manner as you and I will go down the slope or go up the slope or go down the stairs or stand. Therefore the effort an amputee has to put into walking a leg will reduce," he says.

This exhibit shows how drones, dexterous digits and smart prosthetics are changing our future and bringing hi tech into our every day lives.

LEAD IN:

Science research and development in the UK may face an uncertain future following last week's Brexit decision, but that isn't stopping the UK's top robotics companies.

They've been showing off their latest flying, shape-shifting – and in some cases potentially life changing – inventions at Britain's first Robotics Week.

STORY-LINE:

From shape-changing robots to dexterous mechanical arms, the latest in robotics was on show at the UK's first ever Robotics Week.

The event, from the 25 June to the 1 July, aims to get the British public engaged with developments and debates around robotics.

This shape-shifting robot is designed to manoeuvre over a variety of terrains to access hard to reach places, making it useful in the aftermath of a natural disaster.

But, taking place just days after the seismic political shift caused by the Brexit referendum, the impact of leaving the European Union was also at the forefront of people's minds.

Around 18.3 per cent of the funds the UK receives from the EU goes towards funding scientific research and development, a House of Lords committee said recently.

But Paul Newman, BP Professor of Information Engineering at the University of Oxford, says the UK's scientific community will continue to cooperate with others around the world whatever happens.

"Science doesn't respect national borders, we're part of a global community" he says.

While fans of the Terminator films may fear the rise of the robots, exhibitors at the event were keen to show how robotics can protect people.

The Shadow Dextrous Hand, made by the Shadow Robot Company, can be used for situations such as bomb disposal.

Armando De La Rosa, head of dexterous manipulation at Shadow Robot Company, says: "If you think of in bomb disposal and nuclear commissioning, this is often where you need human dexterity but you don't want a human nearby. This can be attached to a robot arm, to a little rover, and send it on its way and you have the operator somewhere else, at a safe distance, being able to remotely operate the hand to do whatever needs doing and if something goes wrong the operator is at no risk."

De La Rosa thinks that robotics are not just science fiction, but increasingly part of daily life.

"Robots are just going everywhere, in our homes, into space, into industry so the dream is not just in space but just robots everywhere making everybody's life better," he says.

While the Shadow Dextrous Hand is currently too heavy to be used as a prosthetic, other artificial limbs were on show.

Basingstoke-based company Blatchford demonstrated its Linx Limb, which it claims is the most advanced prosthetic limb in the world.

It was the recent winner of the UK's leading prize for innovation in engineering, the MacRobert Award from the Royal Academy of Engineering.

Dr Saeed Zahedi, technical director at Blatchford, explains: "This is the first integrated limb where the ankle and knee, they talk to each other, and behave in a coordinated manner."

"So for example if the amputee is going down the slope it would provide a break at the ankle as well as a break at the knee. An array of sensors at the knee and the ankle, they provide the information to each other so it can coordinate and synchronise and predict what the person is going to do in the same manner as you and I will go down the slope or go up the slope or go down the stairs or stand. Therefore the effort an amputee has to put into walking a leg will reduce," he says.

This exhibit shows how drones, dexterous digits and smart prosthetics are changing our future and bringing hi tech into our every day lives.

London - 1 July 2016

1. Various of shape changing robot walking and waving.

2. Various of Paul Newman, BP Professor of Information Engineering at the University of Oxford, looking at a display in the IET.

3. SOUNDBITE (English): Paul Newman, BP Professor of Information Engineering at the University of Oxford:

"Science doesn't respect national borders. So, we're part of a global community"

4. Various of Shadow Dextrous Hand being operated by Armando De La Rosa, head of dexterous manipulation at the Shadow Robot Company.

5. SOUNDBITE (English) Armando De La Rosa, head of dexterous manipulation at the Shadow Robot Company:

"Especially for dangerous environments where often you need - if you think of in bomb disposal and nuclear commissioning, this is often where you need human dexterity but you don't want a human nearby. This can be attached to a robot arm, to a little rover, and send it on its way and you have the operator somewhere else, at a safe distance, being able to remotely operate the hand to do whatever needs doing and if something goes wrong the operator is at no risk."

6. Various of Shadow Dextrous Hand being operated by Armando De La Rosa, head of dexterous manipulation at the Shadow Robot Company.

7. SOUNDBITE (English) Armando De La Rosa, head of dexterous manipulation at the Shadow Robot Company:

"Robots are just going everywhere, in our homes, into space, into industry so the dream is not just in space but just robots everywhere making everybody's life better."

8. Various of visitors looking at exhibits at the UK Robotics Week event

9. Various of Dr Saeed Zahedi, technical director at Blatchford, with the Linx Limb.

10. SOUNDBITE (English): Dr Saeed Zahedi, technical director at Blatchford.

"This is the first integrated limb where the ankle and knee, they talk to each other, and behave in a coordinated manner. So for example if the amputee is going down the slope it would provide a break at the ankle as well as a break at the knee. An array of sensors at the knee and the ankle, they provide the information to each other so it can coordinate and synchronise and predict what the person is going to do in the same manner as you and I will go down the slope or go up the slope or go down the stairs or stand. Therefore the effort an amputee has to put into walking a leg will reduce."

11. Various of robotics on display at the UK Robotics Week event.

British Labour Party leader Jeremy Corbyn spoke at length on his country's EU refendum on Thursday, reinforcing his party's call to remain in the European Union.

He stressed the threat to Britain is the Conservative government, not the European Union.

Speaking at a Remain campaign event in central London, Corbyn stated that his party was "overwhelmingly for staying in because we believe the EU has brought investment, jobs and protection for workers and consumers and the environment".

He also lauded the Union's ability to face international challenges like climate change, international tax evasion and avoidance, and the power of multinational corporations.

Corbyn also touched on the Translatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP), pledging that he would oppose it if in power.

The left-wing leader of the Labour party has blamed the media for ignoring him during the campaign ahead of the referendum on 23 June, after he faced accusations of being "silent" on some of the key issues.

British Labour Party leader Jeremy Corbyn spoke at length on his country's EU refendum on Thursday, reinforcing his party's call to remain in the European Union.

He stressed the threat to Britain is the Conservative government, not the European Union.

Speaking at a Remain campaign event in central London, Corbyn stated that his party was "overwhelmingly for staying in because we believe the EU has brought investment, jobs and protection for workers and consumers and the environment".

He also lauded the Union's ability to face international challenges like climate change, international tax evasion and avoidance, and the power of multinational corporations.

Corbyn also touched on the Translatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP), pledging that he would oppose it if in power.

The left-wing leader of the Labour party has blamed the media for ignoring him during the campaign ahead of the referendum on 23 June, after he faced accusations of being "silent" on some of the key issues.

++THIS EDIT CONTAINS NO CUTAWAYS. SOUNDBITES ARE SEPARATED BY SEVERAL SECONDS OF BLACK++

UK POOL

London - 2 June 2016

1. SOUNDBITE (English) Jeremy Corbyn, British opposition Labour party leader:

"The threat to the British people is not the European Union - it is a Conservative government here in Britain, seeking to undermine many of the good things the unions and other people have achieved in Europe and resisting changes that would benefit the ordinary people in this country". (applauses)

++BLACK FRAMES++

2. SOUNDBITE (English) Jeremy Corbyn, British opposition Labour party leader:

"A vote to leave means a Conservative government would then be in charge of negotiating Britain's exit. Everything they have done as a government so far means we could not rely on them to protect the workplace rights that millions of people rely on. A Tory Brexit negotiation would be a disaster for the majority of people in Britain who rely on many of these regulations to protect their rights."

++BLACK FRAMES++

3. SOUNDBITE (English) Jeremy Corbyn, British opposition Labour party leader:

"We can reform to get a better deal for consumers; to strengthen workers' rights across Europe and prevent the undercutting of wages; to meet the challenges posed by migration and the refugee crisis. There has to be a humanitarian approach to the refugee crisis, not blame the victims."

++BLACK FRAMES++

4. SOUNDBITE (English) Jeremy Corbyn, British opposition Labour party leader:

"Today we give this pledge, as it stands, we too would reject TTIP – and veto it in government. And there is a challenge to the prime minister, if it's not good enough for France; or good enough for other people, it's not good enough for us either, let's be clear about that. David Cameron makes clear now that if Britain votes to remain this month, I ask him will you block any TTIP trade treaty that threatens our public services, our consumer rights and employment rights and that hands power over to giant corporations to override democratically elected governments. "

++BLACK FRAMES++

5. SOUNDBITE (English) Jeremy Corbyn, British opposition Labour party leader:

"The EU's state aid rules, which limit the scope for governments to intervene to support our vital industries, also need to change. But so does how British governments interpret them. The steel crisis highlighted how Germany, Italy, France and Spain all did much better at protecting their steel industries. They acted within EU state aid rules to support their industries, whether through taking a public stake, investing in research and development, providing loan guarantees or compensating for energy costs."

++BLACK FRAMES++

6. SOUNDBITE (English) Jeremy Corbyn, British opposition Labour party leader:

"We, the Labour party, are overwhelmingly for staying in because we believe the EU has brought investment, jobs and protection for workers and consumers and the environment. But also because we recognise that our membership offers a crucial route to meeting the challenges we face in the 21st century, on climate change, on restraining the power of global corporations and ensuring they pay fair taxes, both in Europe and chase down the tax havens all around the world."

++BLACK FRAMES++

7. SOUNDBITE (English) Jeremy Corbyn, British opposition Labour party leader:

"Europe absolutely needs to change. I've outlined some area of progressive reform, but these changes can only be achieved by working with our allies. There is an overwhelming case to remain and reform so we build on the best Europe has achieved."

++ENDS ON SOUNDBITE++

In the sunny seaside resort city of Benidorm, which has a vibrant British community of around 3,500 people, British expats expressed their concerns about what a Brexit can mean for them, with work permits, health care and pensions among the top worries.

Their situation will be one of the things to be negotiated between the UK and the European Union in the coming months and years after Britain voted Thursday to leave the bloc.

The British expat community in Spain was split between those who could vote and those, like bar owner Chuck Daulson, who have lived away from Britain for longer than 15 years, disqualifying them from voting in the referendum.

He was concerned he would have to go back to Britain and lose all he's worked for in the 23 years he's lived and worked in Spain.

While being one of the largest communities of British people living abroad with around 300,000 officially registered as residents, Spain is a key holiday destination for British tourists.

The outcome of the vote was also a concern for Spaniards making a living off the tourism industry, which, in places like Benidorm, depends heavily on British travellers.

In the sunny seaside resort city of Benidorm, which has a vibrant British community of around 3,500 people, British expats expressed their concerns about what a Brexit can mean for them, with work permits, health care and pensions among the top worries.

Their situation will be one of the things to be negotiated between the UK and the European Union in the coming months and years after Britain voted Thursday to leave the bloc.

The British expat community in Spain was split between those who could vote and those, like bar owner Chuck Daulson, who have lived away from Britain for longer than 15 years, disqualifying them from voting in the referendum.

He was concerned he would have to go back to Britain and lose all he's worked for in the 23 years he's lived and worked in Spain.

While being one of the largest communities of British people living abroad with around 300,000 officially registered as residents, Spain is a key holiday destination for British tourists.

The outcome of the vote was also a concern for Spaniards making a living off the tourism industry, which, in places like Benidorm, depends heavily on British travellers.

Benidorm - June 24 2016

1. Various of beach in Benidorm

2. Various of tourists watching British Prime Minister David Cameron's resignation on TV in a bar

3. SOUNDBITE (English) Chuck Daulson, Englishman living in Spain for 23 years, 51-year-old bar owner:

"We're very scared because I've been here 23 years, I've got my house, my kids were born here, they've been to Spanish school, I've got a bar, I've got a lot to lose. If I go back to England, I've got nothing. No house. Nothing."

4. England flags hanging in the bar

5. SOUNDBITE (English) Chuck Daulson, Englishman living in Spain for 23 years, 51-year-old bar owner:

"We don't know how we're going to be now, we might have no pension, we might have no medical, we may have to sell our properties, we've lived here for a lot of years, we don't know how it's going to affect us anymore."

6. Various of Sarah, no last name given, serving customers in bar

7. SOUNDBITE (English) Sarah, 28-year-old Londoner living in Benidorm for 3 years, waitress:

"I've got my mum to vote on my behalf for me, I voted 'in' obviously. If we leave the EU, then it's bad on us expats who live here, obviously we'll lose our medical care, we'll lose our right to work without a work permit. Me and my boyfriend, we've lived here for 3 years, we won't get a chance to get a mortgage or anything like that now."

8. Various of people watching the news on TV at a terrace bar

9. SOUNDBITE (English) Julianne, (no last name given), 75-year-old English tourist in Benidorm, retired:

"We want to control our borders and make our own decisions, and for my grandchildren I think it would be better that we're on our own."

10. Various of newspaper stand

11. SOUNDBITE (Spanish) Gemma, (no last name given), Benidorm native working in the tourism industry:

"We make a living out of foreign people, I think 80 percent of tourists coming here to Benidorm and all the coast around are English."

12. Shot of tourist post at the beach

13. SOUNDBITE (Spanish) Gemma, (no last name given), Benidorm native working in the tourism industry:

"We think it can affect us a lot in our business, in the work that we do, so we're concerned about what can happen, and yes we're a little bit scared."

14. Various of Sterling vs Euro currency exchange sign being changed in the street

British residents in Spain were among those watching the EU referendum result closely on Thursday as the UK voted on whether to remain within or leave the European Union.

Spain has one of the largest communities of British people living abroad, with around 300-thousand Brits officially registered as residents.

It is also a key holiday destination for British tourists.

In the seaside resort city of Benidorn, which has a vibrant British community of around 3,500 people, Brits expressed their concerns on Thursday about what a 'Leave' vote would mean for local British residents and tourists, with a possible weaker pound being a key worry for some.

Most people were going out as usual and most clubs didn't broadcast the TV specials on the referendum, although early after polls closed in Britain some people were seen watching the results in at least a couple of bars in the area of Levante Beach.

The British expat community in Spain is split between those who can vote and those who have lived away from Britain for longer than fifteen years, disqualifying them from a say on whether the UK remains in union with their adopted country.

Many of them are afraid of the consequences of a potential Brexit for their status in Spain, which would depend on negotiations between the EU and the UK should the 'Leave' side triumph.

British residents in Spain were among those watching the EU referendum result closely on Thursday as the UK voted on whether to remain within or leave the European Union.

Spain has one of the largest communities of British people living abroad, with around 300-thousand Brits officially registered as residents.

It is also a key holiday destination for British tourists.

In the seaside resort city of Benidorn, which has a vibrant British community of around 3,500 people, Brits expressed their concerns on Thursday about what a 'Leave' vote would mean for local British residents and tourists, with a possible weaker pound being a key worry for some.

Most people were going out as usual and most clubs didn't broadcast the TV specials on the referendum, although early after polls closed in Britain some people were seen watching the results in at least a couple of bars in the area of Levante Beach.

The British expat community in Spain is split between those who can vote and those who have lived away from Britain for longer than fifteen years, disqualifying them from a say on whether the UK remains in union with their adopted country.

Many of them are afraid of the consequences of a potential Brexit for their status in Spain, which would depend on negotiations between the EU and the UK should the 'Leave' side triumph.

Benidorm - 23 June 2016

++NIGHT SHOTS++

1. Various of coast promenade in Benidorm

2. Close of Union Jack bunting

3. Various of nightclubs

4. Television screen showing news programme on EU Referendum

5. Louise Bell, 42-years-old, UK-born but has been living in Spain for 19 years, watching television programme on EU referendum

6. SOUNDBITE (English) Louise Bell, born in Nottingham but has been living in Spain for 19 years:

"I believe that it's not going to make much difference if we come out of the Euro (sic.). I think everything will stay more or less the same as it was 19 years ago; it's just that you would have to have a work permit to come over to Spain, which I think is more safer for the people travelling around, people with no papers will be more controlled. And my vote is out, because I'm English and I think I deserve, for my country, for my family, that they get the best from their own country."

7. Jim Lions and his wife, UK tourists, watching television coverage

8. SOUNDBITE (English) Jim Lions, 58-years-old, UK tourist in Benidorm:

"I have not voted because I've been here in Benidorm on holiday."

9. Close of Jim Lions

10. SOUNDBITE (English) Jim Lions, 58-years-old, UK tourist in Benidorm:

"I vote we stay in because it's good for a lot of British, could be a lot of problems if we go alone, it's good for companies, the company I work for we deal all over Europe, so it's very good for us."

11. Close of sign reading "Titanic Bar"

12. Bar customers having a drink and watching television coverage

13. SOUNDBITE (English) Denise Wood, 60-years-old, UK tourist:

"I voted by proxy before I came away, I voted to come out of the EU and I don't think that our country benefits from the EU, and I don't think that the politicians know what to do with the country."

14. Various of bars in Benidorm

British residents in Spain were among those watching the EU referendum result closely on Thursday as the UK voted whether to reamain a part of, or leave the European Union.

While one of the largest communities of British people living abroad with around 300,000 Brits officially registered as resident, Spain is also a key holiday destination for British tourists.

In the sunny seaside resort city of Benidorn, which has a vibrant British community of around 3,500 people, beachgoers expressed their concerns on Thursday about what a 'Leave' vote would mean for local British residents and tourists, with a possible weaker pound being a key worry for some.

The British expat community in Spain is split between those who can vote and those who have lived away from Britain for longer than fifteen years, disqualifying them from a say on whether the UK remains in union with their adopted country.

Many of them are afraid of the consequences of a potential Brexit for their status in Spain, which would depend on negotiations between the EU and the UK should the 'Leave' side triumph.

Some of the British people holidaying in Spain expressed their oppinion about the referendum.

British residents in Spain were among those watching the EU referendum result closely on Thursday as the UK voted whether to reamain a part of, or leave the European Union.

While one of the largest communities of British people living abroad with around 300,000 Brits officially registered as resident, Spain is also a key holiday destination for British tourists.

In the sunny seaside resort city of Benidorn, which has a vibrant British community of around 3,500 people, beachgoers expressed their concerns on Thursday about what a 'Leave' vote would mean for local British residents and tourists, with a possible weaker pound being a key worry for some.

The British expat community in Spain is split between those who can vote and those who have lived away from Britain for longer than fifteen years, disqualifying them from a say on whether the UK remains in union with their adopted country.

Many of them are afraid of the consequences of a potential Brexit for their status in Spain, which would depend on negotiations between the EU and the UK should the 'Leave' side triumph.

Some of the British people holidaying in Spain expressed their oppinion about the referendum.

Benidorm - 23 June 2016

1. Various of beach in Benidorm

2. SOUNDBITE (English) Karen Maining, 50-years-old, UK-born but has been living in Benidorm for 23 years, translator and teacher, cannot vote in the referendum:

"I'm unable to vote because I've lived here over the 10 year period, which makes me a permanent resident of Spain, but I'm obviously British born"

3. Beach

4. SOUNDBITE (English) Karen Maining, 50-years-old, UK-born but has been living in Benidorm for 23 years, translator and teacher, cannot vote in the referendum:

"I think a lot of people are very scared to leave; they'd like to leave but they're scared for the one reason that they live in Spain. I think the majority here that can vote would vote for in, because they're scared that they would have to leave. Again, that's a shame, because that's lack of information. You know, I don't think ... Spain does very well out of tourism, and I don't think in any instance would Spain want to lose the tourism that it has."

5. British tourists seated on a bar terrace

6. SOUNDBITE (English) Donald George, 71-years-old, Englishman traveling as tourist in Benidorm, voted 'Remain' via postal vote:

"If we leave the EU, I'm sure that the rate of Sterling against the Euro would … "Whooosh" (gesturing upwards with hands)…. It would explode, we couldn't afford to take our holidays in Europe anymore".

7. Various of Becky and her daughter playing on the beach

8. SOUNDBITE (English) Becky (no surname given), 25-years-old, from Leeds, housewife, voted 'Remain' via postal vote:

"I've postal-voted in for the sake of our country to be united and safe and welcoming to all".

9. Various of beach

10. Crowds drinking at bar

Rob Warnock is a proud British farmer and the son of a proud British farmer. One day, he hopes to be the father of a proud British farmer, too.

He's also a European Union farmer, but that is not a legacy Warnock wants to pass on to his 6-year-old son.

The 44-year-old plans to vote this week for Britain to leave the EU, even though he knows it will cost his struggling dairy business dear.

Many British farmers feel the same emotional tug. But while their hearts tell them to leave, their heads urge caution. The EU is helping farmers stay afloat at a time when many are struggling.

The benefits of membership in the 28-nation EU may seem intangible to many Britons, who view it as a distant body of Byzantine bureaucracy and obscure regulations.

But farmers know exactly how much they get from the bloc. In Warnock's case it's about 40-thousand pounds (60-thousand US dollars) a year - his share of the subsidy millions of farmers across the continent receive under the EU's Common Agricultural Policy.

"Well I think the EU really holds us back as a nation. Our milk prices, which have been documented, are very low in the UK," he says.

"And I just feel that we can make our own trade deals outside the EU with other countries around the world which I think long term will benefit all the farmers in the country."

He desperately needs things to improve. The price of milk has been plunging for more than two years, hit by what Warnock calls a "perfect storm" of factors, including Russia's ban on EU imports, Chinese stockpiling of powdered milk and production increases in other EU countries.

That is disastrous for Warnock, who tends 450 dairy cows and grows barley and wheat on 650 acres (263 hectares) perched above the English Channel on Britain's south coast.

Warnock's father Jim is not so sure. He intends to vote "remain," worried the subsidies will disappear.

"I know they are saying at the moment if there is a change then we will still get it," he said. "But knowing politicians and knowing the pressure they are going to be under..."

"Leave" campaigners have vowed that the British government will step in to support farmers if the country leaves the EU. The "remain" camp says the pledge is unrealistic: the "leave" side has also promised to boost funding for the health service, maintain defence spending and much more, at a time when the government is committed to cutting public-sector spending.

Farmers have a long list of complaints about the EU, from its complex paperwork to its environmental regulations, which limit which fertilizers and pesticides they can use.

British governments in recent decades have taken a comparatively laissez-faire attitude to agriculture, reluctant to shield domestic producers from international competition.

It's a different story across the Channel in France, where agriculture accounts for a bigger slice of the economy and looms larger in the national consciousness. Militant French farmers regularly stage protests - blocking roads, dumping manure and even herding sheep in the Louvre museum to demand more support from the government.

The National Farmers Union has come out broadly pro-remain, but understands that the community is split.

"Our council met in April, discussed at great length the issues, very good debate, and they came up with the line that basically, on the balance of probabilities as we know it, at the moment farmers are best served to remain within the EU. However individual businesses may differ from that line," says Matt Ware, Head of Government and Parliamentary affairs of the National Farmers Union.

Back on the farm Warnock believes the years of ups and downs have made British farmers resilient. He describes himself as a "passionate dairy farmer" - but worries that if something doesn't change soon, passion may not be enough.

Two decades ago there were more than 35-thousand dairy farmers in Britain.

Today there are only about 10-thousand, and the NFU has estimated that 10 to 20 per cent could go out of business by the end of 2016.

Rob Warnock is a proud British farmer and the son of a proud British farmer. One day, he hopes to be the father of a proud British farmer, too.

He's also a European Union farmer, but that is not a legacy Warnock wants to pass on to his 6-year-old son.

The 44-year-old plans to vote this week for Britain to leave the EU, even though he knows it will cost his struggling dairy business dear.

Many British farmers feel the same emotional tug. But while their hearts tell them to leave, their heads urge caution. The EU is helping farmers stay afloat at a time when many are struggling.

The benefits of membership in the 28-nation EU may seem intangible to many Britons, who view it as a distant body of Byzantine bureaucracy and obscure regulations.

But farmers know exactly how much they get from the bloc. In Warnock's case it's about 40-thousand pounds (60-thousand US dollars) a year - his share of the subsidy millions of farmers across the continent receive under the EU's Common Agricultural Policy.

"Well I think the EU really holds us back as a nation. Our milk prices, which have been documented, are very low in the UK," he says.

"And I just feel that we can make our own trade deals outside the EU with other countries around the world which I think long term will benefit all the farmers in the country."

He desperately needs things to improve. The price of milk has been plunging for more than two years, hit by what Warnock calls a "perfect storm" of factors, including Russia's ban on EU imports, Chinese stockpiling of powdered milk and production increases in other EU countries.

That is disastrous for Warnock, who tends 450 dairy cows and grows barley and wheat on 650 acres (263 hectares) perched above the English Channel on Britain's south coast.

Warnock's father Jim is not so sure. He intends to vote "remain," worried the subsidies will disappear.

"I know they are saying at the moment if there is a change then we will still get it," he said. "But knowing politicians and knowing the pressure they are going to be under..."

"Leave" campaigners have vowed that the British government will step in to support farmers if the country leaves the EU. The "remain" camp says the pledge is unrealistic: the "leave" side has also promised to boost funding for the health service, maintain defence spending and much more, at a time when the government is committed to cutting public-sector spending.

Farmers have a long list of complaints about the EU, from its complex paperwork to its environmental regulations, which limit which fertilizers and pesticides they can use.

British governments in recent decades have taken a comparatively laissez-faire attitude to agriculture, reluctant to shield domestic producers from international competition.

It's a different story across the Channel in France, where agriculture accounts for a bigger slice of the economy and looms larger in the national consciousness. Militant French farmers regularly stage protests - blocking roads, dumping manure and even herding sheep in the Louvre museum to demand more support from the government.

The National Farmers Union has come out broadly pro-remain, but understands that the community is split.

"Our council met in April, discussed at great length the issues, very good debate, and they came up with the line that basically, on the balance of probabilities as we know it, at the moment farmers are best served to remain within the EU. However individual businesses may differ from that line," says Matt Ware, Head of Government and Parliamentary affairs of the National Farmers Union.

Back on the farm Warnock believes the years of ups and downs have made British farmers resilient. He describes himself as a "passionate dairy farmer" - but worries that if something doesn't change soon, passion may not be enough.

Two decades ago there were more than 35-thousand dairy farmers in Britain.

Today there are only about 10-thousand, and the NFU has estimated that 10 to 20 per cent could go out of business by the end of 2016.

Folkestone, UK - 16 June, 2016

1. Various of cows being milked

2. Farmer Rob Warnock milking cow

3. Milk bottle being filled

4. Various of farmer Rob Warnock milking cow

5. Will Warnock, brother of Rob, by cows

6. Various of farmer Rob Warnock walking with cows in field

7. SOUNDBITE (English): Rob Warnock, farmer

"Well I think the EU really holds us back as a nation. Our milk prices, which have been documented, are very low in the UK. And I just feel that we can make our own trade deals outside the EU with other countries around the world which I think long term will benefit all the farmers in the country."

8. Cows

9. SOUNDBITE (English): Rob Warnock, farmer

"That subsidy currently to our own business is not going to mean the difference to whether we survive or go out of business. It's equivalent to a couple of pence a metre on our milk cheque."

10. Farmhouse and sheep

11. Farmer Rob Warnock and his father Jim Warnock, also a farmer

12. Sheep in field

13. SOUNDBITE (English): Jim Warnock, farmer, father of Rob

"From a farming point of view the pot of money that we get each year, you know, to keep the whole farming system going could very well go. I know they are saying at the moment if there is a change then we will still get it. But knowing politicians and knowing the pressure they are going to be under."

14. Various of tractor being driven in field

London, UK - 16 June, 2016

15. Set up of Matt Ware, Head of Government and Parliamentary affairs, National Farmers Union (NFU)

16. SOUNDBITE (English): Matt Ware, Head of Government and Parliamentary affairs, National Farmers Union

"The NFU represents farmers and growers from across the country and we represent a huge range of growers, and huge range of views and businesses so we reflect that in our view. Our council met in April, discussed at great length the issues, very good debate and they came up with the line that basically, on the balance of probabilities as we know it, at the moment farmers are best served to remain within the EU. However individual businesses may differ from that line."

17. Cutaway

18. SOUNDBITE (English): Matt Ware, Head of Government and Parliamentary affairs, National Farmers Union

"The agriculture community reflects the wider community, people have there own personal views, but our job is to inform them on how it will impact on agricultural issues, and to be there to look after their best interests."

19. Cutaway

With marching bands and all groups of society out in strength, Norway celebrates Constitution Day, taking pride in its sovereignty.

The small Scandinavian country's independence was hard won, having been ruled by Denmark for more than 400 years, and then by Sweden for nearly another century.

For some people, the experience of having been ruled from afar can explain Norway's reluctance to embrace the European Union project.

"We are on the edge of Europe and we know what it means to be governed from abroad," says Hans Petter Bergseth who is marching with friends from his skiing club. "I think it's deep in our soul that we want to be independent."

But whilst Norway has twice rejected EU membership in referendums in 1972 and 1994, the nation relies on a close relationship with Brussels. Seventy to 80 percent of all Norwegian exports go to the EU markets and cooperation is viewed as essential in the areas of education, research and many more.

Access to the EU's single market comes at a price.

Norway has signed up the European Economic Area (EEA) agreement, and therefore had to implement more than three quarters of all EU laws with no formal influence on how they are drafted.

More importantly, Norway has had to agree to four EU-style freedoms: free movement of goods, services, people and capital.

Today, Norway has more EU migrants per person than Britain. More than 300,000 EU nationals live here, mostly people from Poland and Sweden attracted by the prospects of high-paid jobs and a generous welfare state.

For many companies, this influx of foreign workers has been beneficial. In the small fishing village of Skjervoy several hours north of Tromso, a salmon processing plant has become dependent on foreign workers.

"We don't have enough Norwegian workers who want to work in the fish industry," explains plant manager Tore Pedersen.

Many of these foreign workers are from Romania, like Christian, who arrived nearly four years ago after growing tired of poorly paid jobs in Italy.

"I'm travelling with a Romanian passport, I've had no problem," he explains.

This factory processes 365 tons of fish per day: salmon fillets and whole fish destined for restaurants and dining tables across Europe. It's the main employer in the village, and managers say the business would not be able to grow without foreign workers willing to work the assembly lines.

Here, most workers are unionised and Pedersen says foreign workers are paid the same as Norwegians. Something the unions dispute.

Across the fishing industry, construction industry, hotel and restaurants, they report cases of employers using foreign workers that are not unionized and therefore don't benefit from the collective bargaining agreements that guarantee a minimum wage and regulated working conditions.

"If they don't know the system, they work up to 12 hours," complains union leader Gunn Paulsen, who was picketing a hotel during a four-week long strike across the Norwegian hotel industry calling for better pay. "They ruin it for the next (person) who's coming in, the Norwegians coming in who know the regulations."

Whilst many large hotel groups are unionized, smaller or independent ones without a protection are free to pay their staff whatever they wish. "However low they get in Norway they get higher than in other countries," said Paulsen.

For Professor Bjorn Hersoug from the Arctic University of Tromso, companies that seek to get around ordinary labour conditions by outsourcing the hiring for foreign workers represent a threat to the Norwegian model that balances free markets with a strong social welfare state.

"There is a fear of labour dumping," says Hersoug. "In some instances, it looks like they have working conditions that are considerably worse than agreed through the ordinary agreements for minimum wages for example."

But despite the challenges brought by the EEA agreement, cooperation with the EU and access to the single market remains essential for Norway.

"The EEA agreement is something I would call a corner stone in the Norwegian economy," says Elisabeth Aspaker, the Norwegian Minister of the EEA and EU Affairs.

"We have to face the reality that the EU is our most important market," she says. "We do need cooperation when it comes to research, education, and in many other aspects."

With marching bands and all groups of society out in strength, Norway celebrates Constitution Day, taking pride in its sovereignty.

The small Scandinavian country's independence was hard won, having been ruled by Denmark for more than 400 years, and then by Sweden for nearly another century.

For some people, the experience of having been ruled from afar can explain Norway's reluctance to embrace the European Union project.

"We are on the edge of Europe and we know what it means to be governed from abroad," says Hans Petter Bergseth who is marching with friends from his skiing club. "I think it's deep in our soul that we want to be independent."

But whilst Norway has twice rejected EU membership in referendums in 1972 and 1994, the nation relies on a close relationship with Brussels. Seventy to 80 percent of all Norwegian exports go to the EU markets and cooperation is viewed as essential in the areas of education, research and many more.

Access to the EU's single market comes at a price.

Norway has signed up the European Economic Area (EEA) agreement, and therefore had to implement more than three quarters of all EU laws with no formal influence on how they are drafted.

More importantly, Norway has had to agree to four EU-style freedoms: free movement of goods, services, people and capital.

Today, Norway has more EU migrants per person than Britain. More than 300,000 EU nationals live here, mostly people from Poland and Sweden attracted by the prospects of high-paid jobs and a generous welfare state.

For many companies, this influx of foreign workers has been beneficial. In the small fishing village of Skjervoy several hours north of Tromso, a salmon processing plant has become dependent on foreign workers.

"We don't have enough Norwegian workers who want to work in the fish industry," explains plant manager Tore Pedersen.

Many of these foreign workers are from Romania, like Christian, who arrived nearly four years ago after growing tired of poorly paid jobs in Italy.

"I'm travelling with a Romanian passport, I've had no problem," he explains.

This factory processes 365 tons of fish per day: salmon fillets and whole fish destined for restaurants and dining tables across Europe. It's the main employer in the village, and managers say the business would not be able to grow without foreign workers willing to work the assembly lines.

Here, most workers are unionised and Pedersen says foreign workers are paid the same as Norwegians. Something the unions dispute.

Across the fishing industry, construction industry, hotel and restaurants, they report cases of employers using foreign workers that are not unionized and therefore don't benefit from the collective bargaining agreements that guarantee a minimum wage and regulated working conditions.

"If they don't know the system, they work up to 12 hours," complains union leader Gunn Paulsen, who was picketing a hotel during a four-week long strike across the Norwegian hotel industry calling for better pay. "They ruin it for the next (person) who's coming in, the Norwegians coming in who know the regulations."

Whilst many large hotel groups are unionized, smaller or independent ones without a protection are free to pay their staff whatever they wish. "However low they get in Norway they get higher than in other countries," said Paulsen.

For Professor Bjorn Hersoug from the Arctic University of Tromso, companies that seek to get around ordinary labour conditions by outsourcing the hiring for foreign workers represent a threat to the Norwegian model that balances free markets with a strong social welfare state.

"There is a fear of labour dumping," says Hersoug. "In some instances, it looks like they have working conditions that are considerably worse than agreed through the ordinary agreements for minimum wages for example."

But despite the challenges brought by the EEA agreement, cooperation with the EU and access to the single market remains essential for Norway.

"The EEA agreement is something I would call a corner stone in the Norwegian economy," says Elisabeth Aspaker, the Norwegian Minister of the EEA and EU Affairs.

"We have to face the reality that the EU is our most important market," she says. "We do need cooperation when it comes to research, education, and in many other aspects."

AP TELEVISION

Tromso - 17 May 2016

1. Various of Constitution Day parade

2. SOUNDBITE (English) Hans Petter Bergseth, 53-year-old medical adviser:

"Well, it's a young nation. Quite a proud nation. We are on the edge of Europe and we know what it means to be governed from abroad or we know what it means to be governed by larger countries. So I think it's deep in our soul that we want to be independent pretty much yes."

3. Various of Constitution Day parade

AP TELEVISION

Skjervoy - 18 May 2016

4. Various of Skjervoy harbour

5. Various exteriors of salmon processing plant

6. SOUNDBITE (English) Tore Pedersen, Fish processing plant manager:

"We have 180 people working here at Skjervoy and 60 percent of the workers are from other countries. It's a fact that we don't have enough Norwegian workers who want to work in the fish industry, so we need people from other countries to come and work at Skjervoy."

7. Christian in front of the processing plant

8. SOUNDBITE (English) Christian, No last Name given, factory worker from Romania:

"My name is Christian and I come from Romania. I've been here for four years - almost four years. I'm travelling with a Romanian passport, I've don't have any problems with travel. We don't need a visa or something like that - it's very easy to come here from Romania. It's a nice country to come to."

9. Various of filleting assembly line

10. Various of salmon packaging line

11. Various of salmon slaughter room

AP TELEVISION

Tromso - 17 May, 2016

12. Various of Tromso seen from onboard a boat in the fjord

AP TELEVISION

Tromso - 20 May, 2016

13. Various of local hotel staff on strike

14. SOUNDBITE (English) Gunn Paulsen, Union Leader:

"Before the oil strikes (meaning the fall in oil prices) it has been good for Norway because you had to have people working here, but then it started what we call in Norway the 'Monkey business' - that they started to pay lower to the people from other places, because they accept it, because however low they get in Norway they get higher than in other countries. So this is the bad thing."

15. Cutaway

16. SOUNDBITE (English) Gunn Paulsen, Union Leader:

"If they don't know the system, they work up to 12 hours. It's not nice because they ruin it for the next (person) who's coming in, the Norwegians coming in who know the regulations - but you can't say anything to the others working like this, because it's okay, they've always been doing this."

AP TELEVISION

Tromso - 19 May, 2016

17. Various of Tromso harbour

18. Professor Bjorn Hersoug walking along harbour seafront

19. SOUNDBITE (English) Prof. Bjorn Hersoug, Arctic University of Tromso:

"You know, seen from the Norwegian point of view, if you can get around the ordinary salary conditions, the labour conditions by hiring a company from, for example, from Poland, and you make a deal with this Polish company where they provide you with the labour which is unorganised (non-unionized) then you are getting around the rules. You can legally pay them less, but that kind of undermines the whole Norwegian model in the longer run."

20. Cutaway

21. SOUNDBITE (English) Prof. Bjorn Hersoug, Arctic University of Tromso

"We see that we have a number of people coming from the European Union countries and in some instances it looks like they have working conditions that are considerably worse than agreed through the ordinary Norwegian agreements for minimum wages for example. So there is kind of a fear of labour dumping."

AP TELEVISION

Tromso, Norway - 17 MAY 2016

22. Various of Tromso seen from onboard a boat in the fjord

AP TELEVISION

Brussels, Belgium - 25 MAY 2016

23. Various of EU flags

24. SOUNDBITE (English) Elisabeth Aspaker, Minister of the EEA and EU Affairs:

"I think Norway is in a very special situation. We have this huge fortune in our oil, we have developed a solid welfare state and people think 'we can do by ourselves' or 'we can go on alone.' But in another way, we have to face the reality that the EU is our most important market, up to 70 or 80 percent of all the exported goods from Norway go to the EU market, and we do need cooperation when it comes to research, education, and in many other aspects. These days it's about migration, it's about security policy. So the EEA agreement is something I would call a corner stone in the Norwegian economy and if you go to the Parliament today, they will be a solid majority for the agreement although we are not a member of the EU."

32. Various of Norway House in Brussels

Former British Prime Minister Gordon Brown on Monday urged voters to back Britain's continued membership of the European Union in a referendum on 23 June.

The former prime minister, who is leading a renewed push by "Remain" campaigners, was speaking at an event at De Montfort University in the English city of Leicester.

He argued close co-operation amongst European neighbours was vital in solving the global challenges of extremism and climate change.

Former British Prime Minister Gordon Brown on Monday urged voters to back Britain's continued membership of the European Union in a referendum on 23 June.

The former prime minister, who is leading a renewed push by "Remain" campaigners, was speaking at an event at De Montfort University in the English city of Leicester.

He argued close co-operation amongst European neighbours was vital in solving the global challenges of extremism and climate change.

UK POOL

Leceister - 13 June 2016

1. Former British Prime Minister Gordon Brown arriving and taking his seat

2. Audience member wearing T-shirt with writing reading (English) "Vote Remain 23 June"

3. SOUNDBITE (English) Gordon Brown, former British Prime Minister:

"And it's undoubtedly true, terrorism is now a cross-border operation. And if you are going to deal with that cross-border operation, you need cross-border co-ordinatiion. And you cannot solve the problem of tackling both terrorism and and the causes of terrorism unless you are prepared to act with your neighbours."

4. Cutaway of audience

5. SOUNDBITE (English) Gordon Brown, former British Prime Minister:

"What we need to do is show that we can manage globalisation and global change in the public interest, but at the same time we've got to respect people's love of national identity and we've got to show how we can balance the autonomy that people want with the cooperation that we need and that's what the European Union is about. It's not some giant project for a federal superstate but it's not a return, which is impossible to 19th century views of sovereignty which even America the biggest superpower in the world has left behind."

6. Audience member listening

7. SOUNDBITE (English) Gordon Brown, former British Prime Minister:

"There is one area where you need European co-operation, where we can't do anything without European co-operation and that is dealing with the scandal of tax havens across the world which we now got to deal with." (applause)

8. Cutaway

9. SOUNDBITE (English) Gordon Brown, former British Prime Minister:

"If Britain acted, we could not get the result that will close down the tax havens in other countries. But if Europe acts, 28 countries - the might of Europe can do it."

10. "Vote Remain" poster

11. SOUNDBITE (English) Gordon Brown, former British Prime Minister:

"Instead of having the national sourcing of goods and services, we now have the global sourcing and what it means is you cannot succeed in securing financial stability or dealing with pollution or dealing with growth and trade or inequality, any of the big problems now as a result of these global changes taking place without cooperation with your neighbours and that is going to be the lesson that we have got to learn from this debate in this referendum that the European Union is not the cause of the problem, but if you can get cooperation working the European Union can be part of the solution to the problem" (applause).

12. Audience

'BFG' STARS DISCUSS BRITAIN'S EU REFERENDUM

The intense debate over Britain's future in or out of the European Union came to Hollywood Tuesday (21 June 2016) as the stars of Steven Spielberg's "The BFG" weighed in on the high-stakes issue at their film's Los Angeles premiere.

Academy Award winner Mark Rylance expressed his concerns about the EU referendum while remembering slain British lawmaker Jo Cox.

"It's a very big week and it's been really tragic to see the death of that wonderful woman, you know who such a compassionate campaigner. And just to see there are things about Europe that worry me. There are trade agreements. This horrible TTIP agreement is a terrible thing. I don't know why Obama is backing it. It gives corporations the right to sue us if we change our minds as a people. It's not democratic. But on the other hand, all the guys who are backing separation are so awful about refugees. They're all rather nasty businessman, like Rupert Murdoch. So it's a very complicated issue. But I think like here in America there is a real anger and a loss of identity. People don't know who they are and they feel betrayed by the government so have really sold out to business too often, too long. And so you're seeing some rather nasty characters, like Mr. Trump in my opinion. And in England also, some nasty characters being promoted just because people are angry. They don't know who they are and what's going on. But these big businessman, they ain't the answer. You know we've got to get together, I think, more. Or the refugees. The refugees are climate change refugees. You can't be making wars like England and America are and then drop your arms saying 'we're not going to accept your refugees' when you've bombed their countries and depleted uranium. You asked me a question that's not the right one to ask me tonight. But anyway, there's my answer. It's a personal question for people," said Rylance.

Cox, a Labour lawmaker who had championed the cause of Syrian refugees, was stabbed and shot to death outside a library in her constituency Thursday. The suspect gave his name in court as "death to traitors, freedom for Britain."

"Downton Abbey" actress Penelope Wilton said leaving would be a "disaster."

"I want to stay in Europe with all my heart. I want to stay in Europe. I think it would be a disaster. We've had peace in Europe for seventy years and there's a lot of right-wing factions building up all over and it's very important that we stick together. And we are a global economy now and we're a global world and can't afford to go back to being little England anymore. We've got to join in and learn to join in," Wilton said.

For actress Rebecca Hall the issue is a matter of identity.

"I don't want us to leave the EU. I feel very strongly about it and I don't think we should and I think it's … That is my belief. I think it's been a really important thing. I identify as European as much as English and always have and I think that's very important," she said.

Hall added that she has shied away from discussing politics in the past, but is moved to speak up about the referendum.

"I'm really torn about this because I've always thought my job is to do my job. I'm not a politician. I'm not a spokesperson. But on the other hand, I do appreciate that the things I say may get to people or might influence people. And I think when things get really confusing like they do now and you have a lot of people who are frightened and confused and not seeing things clearly and things are not communicating well then yeah, I suppose you do start wanting to speak up," she said.

British voters head to the polls on Thursday to decide if the country should stay in the European Union or leave it.

'BFG' STARS DISCUSS BRITAIN'S EU REFERENDUM

The intense debate over Britain's future in or out of the European Union came to Hollywood Tuesday (21 June 2016) as the stars of Steven Spielberg's "The BFG" weighed in on the high-stakes issue at their film's Los Angeles premiere.

Academy Award winner Mark Rylance expressed his concerns about the EU referendum while remembering slain British lawmaker Jo Cox.

"It's a very big week and it's been really tragic to see the death of that wonderful woman, you know who such a compassionate campaigner. And just to see there are things about Europe that worry me. There are trade agreements. This horrible TTIP agreement is a terrible thing. I don't know why Obama is backing it. It gives corporations the right to sue us if we change our minds as a people. It's not democratic. But on the other hand, all the guys who are backing separation are so awful about refugees. They're all rather nasty businessman, like Rupert Murdoch. So it's a very complicated issue. But I think like here in America there is a real anger and a loss of identity. People don't know who they are and they feel betrayed by the government so have really sold out to business too often, too long. And so you're seeing some rather nasty characters, like Mr. Trump in my opinion. And in England also, some nasty characters being promoted just because people are angry. They don't know who they are and what's going on. But these big businessman, they ain't the answer. You know we've got to get together, I think, more. Or the refugees. The refugees are climate change refugees. You can't be making wars like England and America are and then drop your arms saying 'we're not going to accept your refugees' when you've bombed their countries and depleted uranium. You asked me a question that's not the right one to ask me tonight. But anyway, there's my answer. It's a personal question for people," said Rylance.

Cox, a Labour lawmaker who had championed the cause of Syrian refugees, was stabbed and shot to death outside a library in her constituency Thursday. The suspect gave his name in court as "death to traitors, freedom for Britain."

"Downton Abbey" actress Penelope Wilton said leaving would be a "disaster."

"I want to stay in Europe with all my heart. I want to stay in Europe. I think it would be a disaster. We've had peace in Europe for seventy years and there's a lot of right-wing factions building up all over and it's very important that we stick together. And we are a global economy now and we're a global world and can't afford to go back to being little England anymore. We've got to join in and learn to join in," Wilton said.

For actress Rebecca Hall the issue is a matter of identity.

"I don't want us to leave the EU. I feel very strongly about it and I don't think we should and I think it's … That is my belief. I think it's been a really important thing. I identify as European as much as English and always have and I think that's very important," she said.

Hall added that she has shied away from discussing politics in the past, but is moved to speak up about the referendum.

"I'm really torn about this because I've always thought my job is to do my job. I'm not a politician. I'm not a spokesperson. But on the other hand, I do appreciate that the things I say may get to people or might influence people. And I think when things get really confusing like they do now and you have a lot of people who are frightened and confused and not seeing things clearly and things are not communicating well then yeah, I suppose you do start wanting to speak up," she said.

British voters head to the polls on Thursday to decide if the country should stay in the European Union or leave it.

Los Angeles, 21 June 2016

1. Wide of "The BFG" cast posing for photos

2. Medium of Mark Rylance speaking to reporters

3. SOUNDBITE (English) Mark Rylance, actor:

"It's a very big week and it's been really tragic to see the death of that wonderful woman, you know who such a compassionate campaigner. And just to see there are things about Europe that worry me. There are trade agreements. This horrible TTIP agreement is a terrible thing. I don't know why Obama is backing it. It gives corporations the right to sue us if we change our minds as a people. It's not democratic. But on the other hand, all the guys who are backing separation are so awful about refugees. They're all rather nasty businessman, like Rupert Murdoch. So it's a very complicated issue. But I think like here in America there is a real anger and a loss of identity. People don't know who they are and they feel betrayed by the government so have really sold out to business too often, too long. And so you're seeing some rather nasty characters, like Mr. Trump in my opinion. And in England also, some nasty characters being promoted just because people are angry. They don't know who they are and what's going on. But these big businessman, they ain't the answer. You know we've got to get together, I think, more. Or the refugees. The refugees are climate change refugees. You can't be making wars like England and America are and then throw up your arms saying 'we're not going to accept your refugees' when you've bombed their countries and depleted uranium. You asked me a question that's not the right one to ask me tonight. But anyway, there's my answer. It's a personal question for people."

4. Medium of Penelope Wilton speaking to reporters

5. SOUNDBITE (English) Penelope Wilton, actress:

"I want to stay in Europe with all my heart. I want to stay in Europe. I think it would be a disaster. We've had peace in Europe for seventy years and there's a lot of right-wing factions building up all over and it's very important that we stick together. And we are a global economy now and we're a global world and can't afford to go back to being little England anymore. We've got to join in and learn to join in."

6. Wide of Rebecca Hall speaking to reporters

7. SOUNDBITE (English) Rebecca Hall, actress:

"Yeah, I don't want us to leave the EU. I feel very strongly about it and I don't think we should and I think it's … That is my belief. I think it's been a really important thing. I identify as European as much as English and always have and I think that's very important."

8. Medium of Rebecca Hall speaking to reporters

9. SOUNDBITE (English) Rebecca Hall, actress – on the role of celebrities in politics:

"I mean, I'm really torn about this because I've always thought my job is to do my job. I'm not a politician. I'm not a spokesperson. But on the other hand, I do appreciate that the things I say may get to people or might influence people. And I think when things get really confusing like they do now and you have a lot of people who are frightened and confused and not seeing things clearly and things are not communicating well then yeah, I suppose you do start wanting to speak up."

10. Wide of "The BFG" cast posing for photos

FOR CLEAN VERSION SEE STORY NUMBER: 4060423

LEAD IN:

Brexit has cast uncertainty over the future of thousands of British residents living in Spain's Costa del Sol.

EU leaders are due soon to begin unprecedented - and knotty - negotiations on how to extricate the UK from the bloc.

Some Britons living in Spain are considering changing nationality and brushing up on their Spanish language skills.

STORY-LINE:

A cloud of uncertainty hangs over British expats in Spain.

Nobody is saying what the rights of Britons living in the EU might be in a future outside the bloc. Many are worried about losing entitlements in Spain, which is part of the EU.

A dozen students, most of them British pensioners who have been living in the "Costa del Sol" for decades, have joined a new Spanish Nationality Course at the Parnell Academy in Mijas.

They're learning the basics of the language, as well as some local history and culture, to prepare for two exams that must be taken ahead of being granted Spanish Nationality.

"I really have no intention of going back to the UK", says Lesley Lawrence, one of the students, who has been living in Spain for around 20 years.

"It's possible that I will change my nationality because of the Brexit vote", she adds. "It depends how things go after they trigger article 50, because until then we don't know how it's going to affect us."

Another student Philip Hubner has owned a house in Spain for 17 years and moved to Mijas full time two years ago. He is now keen to mingle more with the local Spaniards.

"I'm going to make a determined effort to learn the language to integrate with the local people here in Spain. I know a few words, I know how to buy...get a beer, "cerveza", …, "la cuenta por favor", could I have the bill?"

The owner of the school, Richard Parnell, is familiar with both countries. He was born in Britain and has lived in Spain since he was 5 years old.

After the Brexit result he started the course to help his fellow Brits living in Spain to cope with the long term implications.

"I saw the fallout of the vote to leave and I knew that myself, as a foreigner living in Spain, I would have certain problems and I knew that there would be other people. I was thinking of opening an academy anyway, well, why not make a course that would make these people who need to learn Spanish and maybe help them get the Spanish nationality," he explains.

The value of the British currency is another major concern. Many retired expats, live on a U.K. pension that is sent in pounds and pensioners must exchange that income to the Euro, which is used in Spain.

The pound has lost almost a fifth of its value since June 23.

Shortly after the Brexit vote, Anne Hernandez, a decades-long British resident in Mijas, co-founded the 'Brexpats in Spain' association, to try to address those fears.

"Having met people come to us asking for help, we've identified a list of priorities and obviously everybody's individual, but there are general priorities, being for example: health care, pensions, finance and banking, education, and nationality," she says.

The association currently has 2,800 members and has expanded outside the borders of Mijas to other towns along the coast.

The local mayor's office estimates that there are 11,000 British residents in Mijas, out of a total population of 80,000, so the mayor takes a strong interest in their concerns.

"We in the town hall have offered the association that has been created, the Brexpat association which intends to unite all these British people who feel helpless, defenceless or disoriented, all the help that we can provide from Mijas, with the goal of extending (movement) along the "Costa del Sol". Around 65,000 British live in the province of Malaga, so it's a significant part of the population," explains Juan Carlos Maldonado, the mayor of Mijas.

"When the results of the Brexit (referendum) were known, a big uncertainty was created. We're talking about the (local) economy, because it's tourism, residential tourism, and in the local administration this uncertainty creates a concern, because we know how important tourism is for us," he adds.

An estimated 1.2 million Britons live in other EU countries, many of them in France, Spain and Portugal, according to Britain's House of Commons library.

But analysts believe the true number could be at least double that — and maybe a lot more, because many don't bother registering with their embassies or the local authorities.

Mijas, Malaga - October 6, 2016

1. Wide of coastal area of Mijas

2. Pan of typical apartments in the area and people walking by the sea side

3. Mid of people having drinks on a terrace

4. Various of British pensioners taking Spanish classes in the Parnell School

5. Set up Lesley Lawrence

6. SOUNDBITE (English) Lesley Lawrence, Student of Spanish Nationality Course:

"It's possible that I will change the nationality because of the Brexit vote. It depends how things go after they trigger article 50, because until then we don't know really how it's going to affect us. But if it does affect me and it's better for me to speak and live in Spain, then I shall stay in Spain, rather than go back to the UK. I really have no intention of going back to the UK."

7. Wide of teacher at whiteboard

8. Close up of Lawerence

9. SOUNDBITE (English) Lesley Lawrence, Student of Spanish Nationality Course:

"I was very disappointed with the vote, to put it mildly. I wasn't allowed to vote because I've been living in Spain too long and I felt that was very unjust. It is an European issue, it's not just an issue in Britain and the effects of Brexit are going to affect those of us who've lived in Spain for a long time. It's already affected me, I'm retired, it's affected my pension."

10. Teacher at the whiteboard

11. Mid of students

12. Close of hand writing

13. SOUNDBITE (English) Philip Hubner, Student of Spanish Nationality Course:

"I'm going to make a determined effort to learn the language to integrate with the local people here in Spain. I know a few words, I know how to buy...get a beer, "cerveza", …, "la cuenta por favor", could I have the bill?"

14. Richard Parnell talking to students

15. SOUNDBITE (English) Richard Parnell, Parnell Academy:

"I saw the fallout of the vote to leave and I knew that myself, as a foreigner living in Spain, I would have certain problems and I knew that there would be other people. I was thinking of opening an academy anyway, well, why not make a course that would help these people who need to learn Spanish and maybe help them get their Spanish nationality".

16. Various of Anne Hernandez sitting at a terrace drinking coffee

17. SOUNDBITE (English) Anne Hernandez, University lecturer and co-founder of 'Brexpats in Spain' association:

"Having met people come to us asking for help, we've identified a list of priorities and obviously everybody's individual, but there are general priorities, being for example: health care, pensions, finance and banking, education, and nationality."

18. Mid of Juan Carlos Maldonado, mayor of Mijas, working in his office

19. SOUNDBITE (Spanish) Juan Carlos Maldonado, Mayor of Mijas:

"We in the town hall have offered the association that has been created, the Brexpat association which intends to unite all these British people who feel helpless, defenceless or disoriented, all the help that we can provide from Mijas, with the goal of extending (movement) along the "Costa del Sol". Around 65,000 British live in the province of Malaga, so it's a significant part of the population".

20. Close of Maldonado

21. SOUNDBITE (Spanish) Juan Carlos Maldonado, Mayor of Mijas:

"When the results of the Brexit (referendum) were known, a big uncertainty was created. We're talking about the (local) economy, because it's tourism, residential tourism, and in the local administration this uncertainty creates a concern, because we know how important tourism is for us".

22. Various of woman on beach

23. Various of Royal Beach bar in a predominantly British residential area of Mijas called Calahonda

24. Pan of beach and the owner of Royal Beach talking

25. SOUNDBITE (Spanish) Sergio Morales, co-owner of Royal Beach bar in Mijas:

"Most of our clients here, around 80% of them, are British. And then a few of everything: Dutch, Germans, Norwegians, Spaniards… a bit of everything, but the most abundant in Calahonda is the British".

26. Various of people at the seaside

27. Wide of the beach

28. Wide of people on the beach

The leader of Britain's opposition Labour Party on Sunday said that "Parliament has the authority" when it comes to the terms of Brexit.

Following Thursday's High Court ruling, the British government must now debate the terms of Britain's departure from the European Union with Parliament.

POOL

London - 6 November 2016

1. SOUNDBITE (English) Jeremy Corbyn, UK Labour party leader:

"No, we're not going to block it (Brexit), what we are saying is the government must tell us what its negotiating strategy is. We'll present to parliament, as we do to the public, our general view which is firstly that Britain must have trade access to Europe in the future. Well over half of our trade is with Europe so we have to maintain that trade access in the future. We also have to protect, crucially, the rights that workers have obtained in Britain to longer holidays and working time directive as this negotiation goes on. We also have to protect the environmental and consumer rights protections that have been obtained through the European Union. So we're quite clear about these issues we're going to raise to parliament."

++BLACK FRAMES++

2. SOUNDBITE (English) Jeremy Corbyn, UK Labour party leader:

"We respect the result of the (Brexit) referendum. There was a referendum, there was a campaign fought and the people as a whole voted that we should leave the European Union, so therefore Article 50 will be invoked and there will be negotiations but we are part of the negotiations and, we're very tough on this, we want to see Britain having a trading relationship with Europe and protections maintained for British workers."

++BLACK FRAMES++

3. SOUNDBITE (English) Jeremy Corbyn, UK Labour party leader:

"We're going to put our case to parliament as the government will also be putting its case to parliament. I hope that the debate will force the prime minister to tell us exactly what it is she wants to take to those negotiations, because up to now she's said it's a matter for the governement to conduct the negotiations and the best we've got out of her so far is 'Brexit means Brexit'. Well that's not good enough. There's a lot of jobs at stake, there's a lot of people's lives at stake, there's future relationships with Europe at stake. We can't have a prime minister obfuscating and hiding behind the idea that she has some executive authority, which she clearly does not have. Parliament has the authority."

++BLACK FRAMES++

4. SOUNDBITE (English) Jeremy Corbyn, UK Labour party leader:

"We're not looking to delay unduly anything. What we're looking to do is put the case, now the prime minister has indicated that Article 50 would be triggered later in 2017 so there is a time, a short time, in which we can get these things in line."

++BLACK FRAMES++

5. SOUNDBITE (English) Jeremy Corbyn, UK Labour party leader:

"Article 50 is a very important step for this country. We respect the result of the referendum, we recognise the decision is to leave the European Union. In the leaving of the European Union, we're not leaving the continent. We have to have an effective, fair, trading relationship with that continent. We also have to protect the rights that we've gained through European Union membership as far as workers are concerned, consumers are concerned and crucially environmental protections. We're setting those out as the basis on which the negotiations could take place. We are already in daily contact with Socialist parties and others all across Europe, so we also have built an alliance of people that understand what we want, understand what the decision of Britain is and understand that we live on the same continent and are going to have to work together in the future."

++BLACK FRAMES++

6. SOUNDBITE (English) Jeremy Corbyn, UK Labour party leader:

"There are those on the Tory (Conservative) benches who see Brexit as an opportunty to tear up many of our environmental protections, workers' rights and consumers' rights. No, we're not having that."

++BLACK FRAMES++

7. SOUNDBITE (English) Jeremy Corbyn, UK Labour party leader:

"We've never been in favour of a bombing strategy (in Syria). We've always been in favour of a political strategy that unites all forces in Syria as a way of bringing about a long term peace within Syria."

++ENDS ON SOUNDBITE++

FOR CLEAN VERSION SEE STORY NUMBER: 4043378

LEAD IN:

Science research and development in the UK may face an uncertain future following last week's Brexit decision, but that isn't stopping the UK's top robotics companies.

They've been showing off their latest flying, shape-shifting – and in some cases potentially life changing – inventions at Britain's first Robotics Week.

STORY-LINE:

From shape-changing robots to dexterous mechanical arms, the latest in robotics was on show at the UK's first ever Robotics Week.

The event, from the 25 June to the 1 July, aims to get the British public engaged with developments and debates around robotics.

This shape-shifting robot is designed to manoeuvre over a variety of terrains to access hard to reach places, making it useful in the aftermath of a natural disaster.

But, taking place just days after the seismic political shift caused by the Brexit referendum, the impact of leaving the European Union was also at the forefront of people's minds.

Around 18.3 per cent of the funds the UK receives from the EU goes towards funding scientific research and development, a House of Lords committee said recently.

But Paul Newman, BP Professor of Information Engineering at the University of Oxford, says the UK's scientific community will continue to cooperate with others around the world whatever happens.

"Science doesn't respect national borders, we're part of a global community" he says.

While fans of the Terminator films may fear the rise of the robots, exhibitors at the event were keen to show how robotics can protect people.

The Shadow Dextrous Hand, made by the Shadow Robot Company, can be used for situations such as bomb disposal.

Armando De La Rosa, head of dexterous manipulation at Shadow Robot Company, says: "If you think of in bomb disposal and nuclear commissioning, this is often where you need human dexterity but you don't want a human nearby. This can be attached to a robot arm, to a little rover, and send it on its way and you have the operator somewhere else, at a safe distance, being able to remotely operate the hand to do whatever needs doing and if something goes wrong the operator is at no risk."

De La Rosa thinks that robotics are not just science fiction, but increasingly part of daily life.

"Robots are just going everywhere, in our homes, into space, into industry so the dream is not just in space but just robots everywhere making everybody's life better," he says.

While the Shadow Dextrous Hand is currently too heavy to be used as a prosthetic, other artificial limbs were on show.

Basingstoke-based company Blatchford demonstrated its Linx Limb, which it claims is the most advanced prosthetic limb in the world.

It was the recent winner of the UK's leading prize for innovation in engineering, the MacRobert Award from the Royal Academy of Engineering.

Dr Saeed Zahedi, technical director at Blatchford, explains: "This is the first integrated limb where the ankle and knee, they talk to each other, and behave in a coordinated manner."

"So for example if the amputee is going down the slope it would provide a break at the ankle as well as a break at the knee. An array of sensors at the knee and the ankle, they provide the information to each other so it can coordinate and synchronise and predict what the person is going to do in the same manner as you and I will go down the slope or go up the slope or go down the stairs or stand. Therefore the effort an amputee has to put into walking a leg will reduce," he says.

This exhibit shows how drones, dexterous digits and smart prosthetics are changing our future and bringing hi tech into our every day lives.

FOR CLEAN VERSION SEE STORY NUMBER: 4043378

LEAD IN:

Science research and development in the UK may face an uncertain future following last week's Brexit decision, but that isn't stopping the UK's top robotics companies.

They've been showing off their latest flying, shape-shifting – and in some cases potentially life changing – inventions at Britain's first Robotics Week.

STORY-LINE:

From shape-changing robots to dexterous mechanical arms, the latest in robotics was on show at the UK's first ever Robotics Week.

The event, from the 25 June to the 1 July, aims to get the British public engaged with developments and debates around robotics.

This shape-shifting robot is designed to manoeuvre over a variety of terrains to access hard to reach places, making it useful in the aftermath of a natural disaster.

But, taking place just days after the seismic political shift caused by the Brexit referendum, the impact of leaving the European Union was also at the forefront of people's minds.

Around 18.3 per cent of the funds the UK receives from the EU goes towards funding scientific research and development, a House of Lords committee said recently.

But Paul Newman, BP Professor of Information Engineering at the University of Oxford, says the UK's scientific community will continue to cooperate with others around the world whatever happens.

"Science doesn't respect national borders, we're part of a global community" he says.

While fans of the Terminator films may fear the rise of the robots, exhibitors at the event were keen to show how robotics can protect people.

The Shadow Dextrous Hand, made by the Shadow Robot Company, can be used for situations such as bomb disposal.

Armando De La Rosa, head of dexterous manipulation at Shadow Robot Company, says: "If you think of in bomb disposal and nuclear commissioning, this is often where you need human dexterity but you don't want a human nearby. This can be attached to a robot arm, to a little rover, and send it on its way and you have the operator somewhere else, at a safe distance, being able to remotely operate the hand to do whatever needs doing and if something goes wrong the operator is at no risk."

De La Rosa thinks that robotics are not just science fiction, but increasingly part of daily life.

"Robots are just going everywhere, in our homes, into space, into industry so the dream is not just in space but just robots everywhere making everybody's life better," he says.

While the Shadow Dextrous Hand is currently too heavy to be used as a prosthetic, other artificial limbs were on show.

Basingstoke-based company Blatchford demonstrated its Linx Limb, which it claims is the most advanced prosthetic limb in the world.

It was the recent winner of the UK's leading prize for innovation in engineering, the MacRobert Award from the Royal Academy of Engineering.

Dr Saeed Zahedi, technical director at Blatchford, explains: "This is the first integrated limb where the ankle and knee, they talk to each other, and behave in a coordinated manner."

"So for example if the amputee is going down the slope it would provide a break at the ankle as well as a break at the knee. An array of sensors at the knee and the ankle, they provide the information to each other so it can coordinate and synchronise and predict what the person is going to do in the same manner as you and I will go down the slope or go up the slope or go down the stairs or stand. Therefore the effort an amputee has to put into walking a leg will reduce," he says.

This exhibit shows how drones, dexterous digits and smart prosthetics are changing our future and bringing hi tech into our every day lives.

London - 1 July 2016

1. Various of shape changing robot walking and waving.

2. Various of Paul Newman, BP Professor of Information Engineering at the University of Oxford, looking at a display in the IET.

3. SOUNDBITE (English): Paul Newman, BP Professor of Information Engineering at the University of Oxford:

"Science doesn't respect national borders. So, we're part of a global community"

4. Various of Shadow Dextrous Hand being operated by Armando De La Rosa, head of dexterous manipulation at the Shadow Robot Company.

5. SOUNDBITE (English) Armando De La Rosa, head of dexterous manipulation at the Shadow Robot Company:

"Especially for dangerous environments where often you need - if you think of in bomb disposal and nuclear commissioning, this is often where you need human dexterity but you don't want a human nearby. This can be attached to a robot arm, to a little rover, and send it on its way and you have the operator somewhere else, at a safe distance, being able to remotely operate the hand to do whatever needs doing and if something goes wrong the operator is at no risk."

6. Various of Shadow Dextrous Hand being operated by Armando De La Rosa, head of dexterous manipulation at the Shadow Robot Company.

7. SOUNDBITE (English) Armando De La Rosa, head of dexterous manipulation at the Shadow Robot Company:

"Robots are just going everywhere, in our homes, into space, into industry so the dream is not just in space but just robots everywhere making everybody's life better."

8. Various of visitors looking at exhibits at the UK Robotics Week event

9. Various of Dr Saeed Zahedi, technical director at Blatchford, with the Linx Limb.

10. SOUNDBITE (English): Dr Saeed Zahedi, technical director at Blatchford.

"This is the first integrated limb where the ankle and knee, they talk to each other, and behave in a coordinated manner. So for example if the amputee is going down the slope it would provide a break at the ankle as well as a break at the knee. An array of sensors at the knee and the ankle, they provide the information to each other so it can coordinate and synchronise and predict what the person is going to do in the same manner as you and I will go down the slope or go up the slope or go down the stairs or stand. Therefore the effort an amputee has to put into walking a leg will reduce."

11. Various of robotics on display at the UK Robotics Week event.