SHOTLIST:

1. Exterior of brothel "Artemis"

2. Sign "Artemis"

3. Pan interior of pool in "Artemis" brothel

4. Pan brothel lounge

5. Bar with champagne

6. Medium shot couch

7. SOUNDBITE: (German) Eike Wilmans, Artemis spokesman:

"We are looking forward to the World Cup and we are prepared and relaxed. We expect more guests to come and of course we will have more prostitutes working here during World Cup."

8. Pan picture to bed

9. SOUNDBITE (German) Coco, sex worker:

"We are looking forward to the World Cup and we hope that many more men will come here than they do right now. It will be a lot of stress, but that's what we like."

10. Brunhilde Raiser, head of National council of German women's organisation with colleagues

11. Campaign whistles

12. SOUNDBITE: (German) Brunhilde Raiser, head of National council of German women's organisation:

"We want to point out that forced prostitution exists and it is a heavy violation of human rights. We have to fight against it and to stop it if possible. That's why we have very clear demands to politicians and the people in charge, which we have to follow up in detail after the World Cup."

13. Zoom in banner of campaign "stop forced prostitution," pull focus

STORYLINE:

As soccer's best players prepare to square off this summer at the World Cup, businesses across Germany are anticipating a huge windfall with the arrival of an estimated 1 (m) million fans from around the world.

The sex industry is no exception, and just down the street from Berlin's Olympic Stadium, which hosts the final, stands the city's largest brothel.

Artemis, which cost 8.2 (m) million dollars to build was established in September with an eye on capitalising on the influx of World Cup visitors.

The four storey, 40-bedroom bordello is decorated with fake animal prints and velvet on beds, walls and furniture, as well as Greek and Roman statues under North African style arches.

The establishment has been averaging 130 visitors a day, many from the nearby convention centre, and was planning to blitz the Olympic Stadium and Berlin hotels with leaflets during the World Cup.

Eike Wilmans, PR Manager of the "Artemis," said he expected demand to increase during the World Cup.

Prostitution is legal in Germany, with about 400,000 people registered in the trade - the women who work in Artemis pay taxes and receive social benefits like people in any other job.

However, the anticipated World Cup sex-trade boom has raised fears of an increase in forced prostitution - an estimated 40,000 women from poorer Eastern European countries were expected to be heading to Germany for the World Cup, some against their will.

Already, the European Union estimates more than 100,000 women in Europe each year are forced into prostitution.

A Berlin women's group has started an information campaign against forced prostitution to coincide with the World Cup, endorsed by German Soccer Federation President Theo Zwanziger.

Brunhilde Raiser, head of National council of German women's organisation, said forced prostitution was a violation of human rights.

"We have to fight against it and to stop it if possible. That's why we have very clear demands to politicians and the people in charge, which we have to follow up in detail after the World Cup."

Police in Berlin have said they are planning raids to uncover illegal prostitution rings during the World Cup.

SHOTLIST:

1. Pan interior of pool in "Artemis" brothel

2. Pan of entrance hall

3. Pan brothel lounge

4. Bar with champagne

5. Medium shot couch

6. Bar

7. SOUNDBITE: (German) Eike Wilmans, Artemis spokesman:

"We are looking forward to the World Cup and we are prepared and relaxed. We expect more guests to come and of course we will have more prostitutes working here during World Cup. We want to fulfil the guests' wishes and therefore we also offer our guests to watch the play's live here."

8. Zoom out lamp to bed

9. Pan picture to bed

10. SOUNDBITE: (German) Coco, sex worker:

"We are looking forward to the World Cup and we hope that many more men will come here than they do right now. It will be a lot of stress, but that's what we like."

11. Sign: (English) "Artemis"

12. Exterior of brothel "Artemis"

13. Brunhilde Raiser, head of National council of German women's organisation with colleagues

14. Pan whistles

15. SOUNDBITE: (German) Brunhilde Raiser, head of National council of German women's organisation:

"We want to point out that forced prostitution exists and it is a heavy violation of human rights. We have to fight against it and to stop it if possible. That's why we have very clear demands to politicians and the people in charge, which we have to follow up in detail after the World Cup."

16. Zoom in banner of campaign "stop forced prostitution," pull focus

STORYLINE:

As soccer's best players prepare to square off this summer at the World Cup, businesses across Germany are anticipating a huge windfall with the arrival of an estimated 1 (m) million fans from around the world.

The sex industry is no exception, and just down the street from Berlin's Olympic Stadium, which hosts the final, stands the city's largest brothel.

Artemis, which cost 8.2 (m) million dollars to build was established in September with an eye on capitalising on the influx of World Cup visitors.

The four storey, 40-bedroom bordello is decorated with fake animal prints and velvet on beds, walls and furniture, as well as Greek and Roman statues under North African style arches.

The establishment has been averaging 130 visitors a day, many from the nearby convention centre, and was planning to blitz the Olympic Stadium and Berlin hotels with leaflets during the World Cup.

Eike Wilmans, PR Manager of the "Artemis," said he expected demand to increase during the World Cup.

Prostitution is legal in Germany, with about 400,000 people registered in the trade - the women who work in Artemis pay taxes and receive social benefits like people in any other job.

However, the anticipated World Cup sex-trade boom has raised fears of an increase in forced prostitution - an estimated 40,000 women from poorer Eastern European countries were expected to be heading to Germany for the World Cup, some against their will.

Already, the European Union estimates more than 100,000 women in Europe each year are forced into prostitution.

A Berlin women's group has started an information campaign against forced prostitution to coincide with the World Cup, endorsed by German Soccer Federation President Theo Zwanziger.

Brunhilde Raiser, head of National council of German women's organisation, said forced prostitution was a violation of human rights.

"We have to fight against it and to stop it if possible. That's why we have very clear demands to politicians and the people in charge, which we have to follow up in detail after the World Cup."

Police in Berlin have said they are planning raids to uncover illegal prostitution rings during the World Cup.

SHOTLIST:

1. Wide pan of coordination centre of Interior Ministry

2. Medium shot of military official

3. Screens on wall

4. Military officials looking at computer screen

5. Red light on ceiling, pull out to wide of room

6. SOUNDBITE (German) Christian Sachs, Interior Ministry spokesman:

"We Germans do not have to look as far as Warsaw or Basel, we have seen here in Berlin that there are problems, and that is very aggravating. For the World Cup though, we have to say that we expect to have a very secure situation in the stadiums through the personalisation (labelling with names of owners) of tickets."

7. Cutaway coordination centre

8. SOUNDBITE (German) Christian Sachs, Interior Ministry spokesman:

"Video surveillance, fencing, entry control are all segments that must be implemented there. Until now, the signs have been positive that the federal state police forces and communities plan to do so. We expect the fans to react in a certain way, namely to isolate potential violent people, and on the other hand, we have to make sure that there is a way to punish those who want to cause trouble."

9. Low shot of coordination centre

STORYLINE

The German Interior Ministry has expressed confidence that the security measures taken for the World Cup in Germany will prevent scenes of football violence similar to those seen in Warsaw, Basel and Berlin over the weekend.

Interior Ministry spokesman Christian Sachs spoke to AP Television News at the opening of the Interior Ministry's National Information and Coordination Centre (NICC) on Tuesday.

"We expect to have a very secure situation in the stadiums," Sachs said.

The NICC will be operational 24 hours a day, and is designed to facilitate the exchange of security-related information between various organisations and government bodies.

While Sachs showed concern about the escalation of violence in various cities, he said the personalisation, or printing of the rightful owner's name, on tickets would guarantee security.

Sachs appealed to the local authorities to implement security measures suggested by the federal government for the so called "Public Viewing" areas.

The police union has repeatedly expressed concern about some 300 such locations where safety measures are regulated by the local authorities.

Worry surrounding security at the World Cup has grown after scores of police and rioters were injured during clashes between police and violent football fans in Basel and Warsaw over the weekend, and a third league match had to be interrupted after clashes between fans broke out in Berlin.

Sachs also appealed to the football fans themselves: "We expect the fans to react in a certain way, namely to isolate potential violent people."

No time code on tape

Universal Newsreel 1964

02:30 US Tests The Giant Saturn Rocket

The United States launched the rocket whose one-and-a-half million pounds of thrust is designed to carry aloft the Apollo capsule bearing a man to the moon within the next few years. The mighty Saturn, 16 stories in heighk is launched from Cape Kennedy and for the first time in the space race the United States has surpassed Russia. The rocket and payload total 562 tons and the 20.000 pound that is put into orbit is, by far, the heaviest space vehicle ever launched successfully.

04:26 First Wheat Shipment To Russia

The first grain to be shipped to the Soviet Union under the $250.000.000 deal negotiated last Fall is loaded in Norfork, Va. Russia has contracted to buy 148.000.000 bushels and her satellites more millions of bushels.

05:00 Hat Styles Bring A Breath Of Spring

Models display the newest fashions in readiness for the Easter Parade.

06:05 Cyprus Crisis: Allies Seek To End Turkish-Greek Feud

The tinderbox that is Cyprus threatens to erupt into a full-scale war. Greek students demonstrate against British and United States proposals that a force of NATO troops help maintain a truce between Greeks and Turks. They demand that the UN take control. The Western powers are leery of a UN force that would give the Russians a voice. Bombings and murders are rife as the island verges on international conflict.

07:23 The Beatles Invade The United States

The quartet of Liverpudlians that has revolutionized the music scene in Britain arrives for their first American tour - and teen-age fans arrive in hordes to greet their idols.

08:26 The Winter Olympics

The Innsbruck games see many of the favorites upset. Canada's 4-man bobsled team gets a surprise win over the Austrians. In the Men's slalom, Austria captures the Gold - but Billy Kidd and Jimmy Heuga take the Silver and Bronze for the U.S. France's champion bows to a "dark horse" from Germany in figure-skating - and 14-year-old Scott Allen from the U.S. wins the hearts of the spectators and takes a Bronze.

10:44 Academy Award Night In Hollywood

Sidney Poitier becomes the fist black to win Best Actor Award. Other Oscars go to Patricia Neal for Best Actress and "Tom Jones" for Best Picture.

12:20 New York City Gets New Sports Stadium

A new stadium, named for William A. Shea, the man who was instrumental in its construction, is dedicated in Flushing Meadow, N.Y. Shea Stadium will be the home of the New York Mets during the baseball season, and its modern design will swing moveable seats into place for the football season when it will house the New York jets.

13:07 Bicycle Races Challenge Europeans

In France and Spain dedicated cyclists compete in gruelling courses - by pedal in France and by motor power in Spain.

14:08 President Forecasts Booming Prosperity

President Lyndon Johnson is predicting a 30 billion dollar profit for American business this year.

14:46 Championship Teams Keeps On Winning

The Boston Celtics prove their dominance in basketball by winning the NBA title for the sixth time in a row. And the Toronto Maple Leafs skate off with ice hockey's Stanley Cup for the third consecutive year.

17:06 NATO Nations Meet In Holland

The 15 nations of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization meet for their Spring session, with Secretary of State Dean Rusk representing the U.S. Problems on the agenda for them to tackle are the stormy situation in Cyprus and President De Gaulle's insistence that French troopsbe placed under French command.

17:58 The Super-Plane Of Tomorrow

The B-70, a 2,000-mile-an-hour bomber that is expected to speed up the production of a new supersonic airliner, is unveiled for the first time. The 6-engine-plane has such a radical design that 1,000 patents have been issued to its builders. It will have a range of 6,000 miles and is scheduled for its test flight this summer.

18:43 Two Movie Greats Together Again

There's a gala party for two favorite stars - Barbara Stanwyck and Robert Taylor - who are being reunited in a new chiller, "The Night Walker".

19:26 New Invention

Aviation pioneer, Major Alexander P. de Seversky, reveals his new invention, the "ionocraft", a flying platform designed to perform many functions sixty miles above the earth.

20:14 Around The World In 56 Days

Miss Joan Merriam lands in California, completing a solo flight around the world which retraced the route taken by Amelia Earhart when she was lost over the Pacific.

21:00 Civil Rights Act Of 1964

Congress passes the most sweeping Civil Rights Bill ever to be written into law. Five hours after the House votes on the measure, President Johnson signs in into law before an audience of legislators and Civil Rights leaders at the White House. He calls it "a turning point in history" and uses a hundred pens to affix his signature. Following tradition the pens are distributed by the President to government leaders and other notables present including the Reverend Martin Luther King, Attorney General Robert Kennedy, Hubert Humphrey and Everett Dirksen.

23:59 Wimbledon Tennis Finals

Roy Emerson of Australia defeats his countryman Fred Stole in the men's singles, winning the crown he has sought for nine years. In the women's singles, Brazil's Maria Bueno, 1959 and 1960 champion, defeats defending title holder Margaret Smith of Australia in a stunning comeback.

25:10 Sports Highlights of 1964

Exciting performances mark the year in sports...At the Olympic Games in Japan, swimmer Don Schollander and sprinter Bob Hayes gain Gold Metals for the U.S....The St.Louis Cardinals shut out the N.Y.Yankees in the final game of the World Series to win their first championship

since 1946...Crack driver A.J. Foyt captures another record in the Indianapolis 500, a race marred by the death of two drivers in an early pile-up...Rated as one of the greatest horses of all time, 7-year-old Kelso winds up his career in style by winning the Washington, D.C. International... The U.S. yacht Constellation defeats the British Sovereign in 4 straight races to retain the America's Cup.

31:00 United States Bolsters Forces In Vietnam

A crisis develops as two American ships, the Maddox and the C. Turner Joy, are attacked without provocation by Communist PT-Boats while patrolling international waters in the Gulf of Tonkin off North Vietnam. The U.S. declares it an unwarranted act of aggression and retaliates by sending war planes from two carriers on 64 sorties against North Vietnamese PT bases, damaging 25 of their boats as well as their oil reserves. U.S. military advisers in South Vietnam already number 21.000; now the forces will be increased still further, along with air support. President Johnson speaks to the nation to announce U.S. action. he reaffirms commitment to the people of South Vietnam while stating "we seek no wider war". Ambassador Adlai Stevenson reports the North Vietnamese attacks to the United Nations and reiterates the U.S. position expressed by the President.

36:37 President Inspects Damage Wrought By Hurricane "Dora"

As one of the worst hurricanes ever to hit southern U.S. blows itself out, the people of Florida and Georgia tally more than $200.000.000 in damages. President Johnson flies down from Washington to make a personal inspection of the devastation from Jacksonville Beach, Florida to San Simon Island, Georgia. He has promised government aid by declaring the affected sections disaster areas.

38:07 Miss America 1965

The annual Atlantic City contest of American beauties picks Miss Arizona, Vonda Kay Van Dyke, as the queen who will reign in the coming year.

39:26 First Legalised United States Sweepstakes

The small town of Salem, New Hampshire goes down in history as the scene of the first legalized sweepstakes in the United States, which raised two-and-a-half million dollars for the New Hampshire educational system.

40:35 November Election Results: Johnson Landslide

President Lyndon Baines Johnson swamps Senator Barry Goldwater to be elected 36th President of the United States. Sixty-eight million people go to the polls to choose the man who will lead them during the next four year. Mr. Johnson receives more than 61 % of the popular vote and 486 electoral votes versus Senator Goldwater's 52. It is an election that has political scientists wondering. Party lines were crossed, some local candidates ran ahead of the national ticket, split tickets were common. For the first time since 1800, Washington, D.C. citizens are permitted to participate in the voting. The Kennedys apparently still have great appeal for the public. Despite being labeled a "carpetbagger" by the opposition, Robert F. Kennedy, who resigned as Attorney General to run in New York, is elected Senator defeating the popular incumbent Kenneth Keating. His brother, Edward "Ted" Kennedy, is re-elected Senator from Massachusetts, retaining the seat once held by John F. Kennedy. But Pierre Salinger, former White House Press Secretary, goes down to defeat at the hand of GOP candidate George Murphy in california.

45:40 Princeton Blanks Howard

Princeton's unbeaten eleven takes on Harvard at the Tiger home ground and wins. 16 to 0, to remain undefeated.

46:40 Japanese Students Riot Over Visit Of U.S.Submarines

Japanese students and leftist organizations turn out 8.000 strong for one of their favorite outdoor sports - a demonstration. This time, on the eve of a new Premier taking office, they clash with the police as they protest the visits of U.lS. nuclear submarines to Japanese bases, fearing it foreshadows nuclear bases in Japan.

47:54 Berlin Wall Opens

Frog-shrouded Berlin is a bright place as the Wall of Shame is opened for visits from both the East and the West. Thousends wait at the barrier in West Berlin, the vanguarad of 120.000 who visit East Berlin in four days reuniting many families who have been separated since the Soviets divided the city in 1961. Meanwhile, the East German Communists have allowed the elderly and the ill into West Germany, but significantly, no able-bodied workers are allowed to enter.

49:52 Holiday Magic

It's December 1964 - time for a holiday special. So "The Look-Again Look" presents next year's fashion trends as predicted by McCall's magazine - and makes the pages spring to life. In full color!

Universal Newsreel 1964

02:30 US Tests The Giant Saturn Rocket

The United States launched the rocket whose one-and-a-half million pounds of thrust is designed to carry aloft the Apollo capsule bearing a man to the moon within the next few years. The mighty Saturn, 16 stories in heighk is launched from Cape Kennedy and for the first time in the space race the United States has surpassed Russia. The rocket and payload total 562 tons and the 20.000 pound that is put into orbit is, by far, the heaviest space vehicle ever launched successfully.

04:26 First Wheat Shipment To Russia

The first grain to be shipped to the Soviet Union under the $250.000.000 deal negotiated last Fall is loaded in Norfork, Va. Russia has contracted to buy 148.000.000 bushels and her satellites more millions of bushels.

05:00 Hat Styles Bring A Breath Of Spring

Models display the newest fashions in readiness for the Easter Parade.

06:05 Cyprus Crisis: Allies Seek To End Turkish-Greek Feud

The tinderbox that is Cyprus threatens to erupt into a full-scale war. Greek students demonstrate against British and United States proposals that a force of NATO troops help maintain a truce between Greeks and Turks. They demand that the UN take control. The Western powers are leery of a UN force that would give the Russians a voice. Bombings and murders are rife as the island verges on international conflict.

07:23 The Beatles Invade The United States

The quartet of Liverpudlians that has revolutionized the music scene in Britain arrives for their first American tour - and teen-age fans arrive in hordes to greet their idols.

08:26 The Winter Olympics

The Innsbruck games see many of the favorites upset. Canada's 4-man bobsled team gets a surprise win over the Austrians. In the Men's slalom, Austria captures the Gold - but Billy Kidd and Jimmy Heuga take the Silver and Bronze for the U.S. France's champion bows to a "dark horse" from Germany in figure-skating - and 14-year-old Scott Allen from the U.S. wins the hearts of the spectators and takes a Bronze.

10:44 Academy Award Night In Hollywood

Sidney Poitier becomes the fist black to win Best Actor Award. Other Oscars go to Patricia Neal for Best Actress and "Tom Jones" for Best Picture.

12:20 New York City Gets New Sports Stadium

A new stadium, named for William A. Shea, the man who was instrumental in its construction, is dedicated in Flushing Meadow, N.Y. Shea Stadium will be the home of the New York Mets during the baseball season, and its modern design will swing moveable seats into place for the football season when it will house the New York jets.

13:07 Bicycle Races Challenge Europeans

In France and Spain dedicated cyclists compete in gruelling courses - by pedal in France and by motor power in Spain.

14:08 President Forecasts Booming Prosperity

President Lyndon Johnson is predicting a 30 billion dollar profit for American business this year.

14:46 Championship Teams Keeps On Winning

The Boston Celtics prove their dominance in basketball by winning the NBA title for the sixth time in a row. And the Toronto Maple Leafs skate off with ice hockey's Stanley Cup for the third consecutive year.

17:06 NATO Nations Meet In Holland

The 15 nations of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization meet for their Spring session, with Secretary of State Dean Rusk representing the U.S. Problems on the agenda for them to tackle are the stormy situation in Cyprus and President De Gaulle's insistence that French troopsbe placed under French command.

17:58 The Super-Plane Of Tomorrow

The B-70, a 2,000-mile-an-hour bomber that is expected to speed up the production of a new supersonic airliner, is unveiled for the first time. The 6-engine-plane has such a radical design that 1,000 patents have been issued to its builders. It will have a range of 6,000 miles and is scheduled for its test flight this summer.

18:43 Two Movie Greats Together Again

There's a gala party for two favorite stars - Barbara Stanwyck and Robert Taylor - who are being reunited in a new chiller, "The Night Walker".

19:26 New Invention

Aviation pioneer, Major Alexander P. de Seversky, reveals his new invention, the "ionocraft", a flying platform designed to perform many functions sixty miles above the earth.

20:14 Around The World In 56 Days

Miss Joan Merriam lands in California, completing a solo flight around the world which retraced the route taken by Amelia Earhart when she was lost over the Pacific.

21:00 Civil Rights Act Of 1964

Congress passes the most sweeping Civil Rights Bill ever to be written into law. Five hours after the House votes on the measure, President Johnson signs in into law before an audience of legislators and Civil Rights leaders at the White House. He calls it "a turning point in history" and uses a hundred pens to affix his signature. Following tradition the pens are distributed by the President to government leaders and other notables present including the Reverend Martin Luther King, Attorney General Robert Kennedy, Hubert Humphrey and Everett Dirksen.

23:59 Wimbledon Tennis Finals

Roy Emerson of Australia defeats his countryman Fred Stole in the men's singles, winning the crown he has sought for nine years. In the women's singles, Brazil's Maria Bueno, 1959 and 1960 champion, defeats defending title holder Margaret Smith of Australia in a stunning comeback.

25:10 Sports Highlights of 1964

Exciting performances mark the year in sports...At the Olympic Games in Japan, swimmer Don Schollander and sprinter Bob Hayes gain Gold Metals for the U.S....The St.Louis Cardinals shut out the N.Y.Yankees in the final game of the World Series to win their first championship

since 1946...Crack driver A.J. Foyt captures another record in the Indianapolis 500, a race marred by the death of two drivers in an early pile-up...Rated as one of the greatest horses of all time, 7-year-old Kelso winds up his career in style by winning the Washington, D.C. International... The U.S. yacht Constellation defeats the British Sovereign in 4 straight races to retain the America's Cup.

31:00 United States Bolsters Forces In Vietnam

A crisis develops as two American ships, the Maddox and the C. Turner Joy, are attacked without provocation by Communist PT-Boats while patrolling international waters in the Gulf of Tonkin off North Vietnam. The U.S. declares it an unwarranted act of aggression and retaliates by sending war planes from two carriers on 64 sorties against North Vietnamese PT bases, damaging 25 of their boats as well as their oil reserves. U.S. military advisers in South Vietnam already number 21.000; now the forces will be increased still further, along with air support. President Johnson speaks to the nation to announce U.S. action. he reaffirms commitment to the people of South Vietnam while stating "we seek no wider war". Ambassador Adlai Stevenson reports the North Vietnamese attacks to the United Nations and reiterates the U.S. position expressed by the President.

36:37 President Inspects Damage Wrought By Hurricane "Dora"

As one of the worst hurricanes ever to hit southern U.S. blows itself out, the people of Florida and Georgia tally more than $200.000.000 in damages. President Johnson flies down from Washington to make a personal inspection of the devastation from Jacksonville Beach, Florida to San Simon Island, Georgia. He has promised government aid by declaring the affected sections disaster areas.

38:07 Miss America 1965

The annual Atlantic City contest of American beauties picks Miss Arizona, Vonda Kay Van Dyke, as the queen who will reign in the coming year.

39:26 First Legalised United States Sweepstakes

The small town of Salem, New Hampshire goes down in history as the scene of the first legalized sweepstakes in the United States, which raised two-and-a-half million dollars for the New Hampshire educational system.

40:35 November Election Results: Johnson Landslide

President Lyndon Baines Johnson swamps Senator Barry Goldwater to be elected 36th President of the United States. Sixty-eight million people go to the polls to choose the man who will lead them during the next four year. Mr. Johnson receives more than 61 % of the popular vote and 486 electoral votes versus Senator Goldwater's 52. It is an election that has political scientists wondering. Party lines were crossed, some local candidates ran ahead of the national ticket, split tickets were common. For the first time since 1800, Washington, D.C. citizens are permitted to participate in the voting. The Kennedys apparently still have great appeal for the public. Despite being labeled a "carpetbagger" by the opposition, Robert F. Kennedy, who resigned as Attorney General to run in New York, is elected Senator defeating the popular incumbent Kenneth Keating. His brother, Edward "Ted" Kennedy, is re-elected Senator from Massachusetts, retaining the seat once held by John F. Kennedy. But Pierre Salinger, former White House Press Secretary, goes down to defeat at the hand of GOP candidate George Murphy in california.

45:40 Princeton Blanks Howard

Princeton's unbeaten eleven takes on Harvard at the Tiger home ground and wins. 16 to 0, to remain undefeated.

46:40 Japanese Students Riot Over Visit Of U.S.Submarines

Japanese students and leftist organizations turn out 8.000 strong for one of their favorite outdoor sports - a demonstration. This time, on the eve of a new Premier taking office, they clash with the police as they protest the visits of U.lS. nuclear submarines to Japanese bases, fearing it foreshadows nuclear bases in Japan.

47:54 Berlin Wall Opens

Frog-shrouded Berlin is a bright place as the Wall of Shame is opened for visits from both the East and the West. Thousends wait at the barrier in West Berlin, the vanguarad of 120.000 who visit East Berlin in four days reuniting many families who have been separated since the Soviets divided the city in 1961. Meanwhile, the East German Communists have allowed the elderly and the ill into West Germany, but significantly, no able-bodied workers are allowed to enter.

49:52 Holiday Magic

It's December 1964 - time for a holiday special. So "The Look-Again Look" presents next year's fashion trends as predicted by McCall's magazine - and makes the pages spring to life. In full color!

SHOTLIST:

4:3 Anti-apartheid icon and former president Nelson Mandela has died

921113

AP TELEVISION

Qunu, Transkei, South Africa - 25 December 1995

++4:3++

1. Mandela . Close up of his finger pointing at a picture of him as a young man

++MUTE ++

BLACK AND WHITE

South Africa, 1960s - precise dates and locations unknown

++4:3++

2.1964 Rivonia trial of Nelson Mandela and seven ANC members ++please note contains a freeze frame++

Paarl, South Africa - 11 February 1990

++4:3++

3. Mandela raises clenched fist as he walks with Winnie Madikizela-Mandela

4:3 Anti-apartheid icon and former president Nelson Mandela has died

921114

AP TELEVISION

Soweto - 13 February 1990

++4:3++

4. Nelson Mandela singing national anthem with Walter Sisulu - clenched fist

Ulazi - 27 April 1994

++4:3++

5. Mandela putting ballot in box to cheers

Pretoria - 5 May 1994

++4:3++

6. Mid-shot Mandela takes oath of office

Hearse carrying Mandela's casket leaves military hospital en route to Union Buildings

922058

AP TELEVISION

Pretoria - 12 Dec 2013

7. Various of Mandela supporters singing and dancing outside military hospital

AP cover of ANC's farewell ceremony for Mandela; comments from Jesse Jackson

922414

AP TELEVISION

Pretoria - 14 Dec 2013

8. Wide interior of African National Congress (ANC) farewell ceremony for Nelson Mandela (++Audio glitch as incoming++)

9. Officials seated for ceremony including South African President Jacob Zuma, former South African President Thabo Mbeki, American Reverend and civil rights leader Jesse Jackson, Mandela's widow Graca Machel and former wife Winnie Madikizela-Mandela

Cortege carries Nelson Mandela's coffin from airport en route to burial ground

922430

AP TELEVISION

Mthatha - 14 Dec 2013

10. Wide pan as black Mercedes bearing Nelson Mandela's casket drives away from the airport

11. CS Mercedes enters town of Mthatha and crowd cheers loudly

Flame extinguished at Mandela museum, family friend on funeral service

922572

AP TELEVISION

Qunu - 15 Dec 2013

12. eternal flame at Nelson Mandela museum in Qunu being slowly extinguished as Mandela was being buried

13. Wide of funeral tent in distance , buses parked nearby

Mourners leave tributes outside Mandela's Houghton home as nation says farewell

922504

AP TELEVISION

Johannesburg - 15 Dec 2013

14. Pan right of flowers and tributes laid outside former South African President Nelson Mandela's home

15. Mid of women posing with portrait of Mandela

Mandela ceremony interpreter called a 'fake'

922004

AP TELEVISION

Soweto, South Africa - 10 December

16. Wide of FNB stadium interior during Nelson Mandela's memorial service

17. Mid of African National Congress deputy president Cyril Ramaphosa on stage during with sign language interpreter UPSOUND (English): "Former president FW de Klerk, leaders and excellencies of various countries who have come to South Africa, Mrs Graca Machel."

STORYLINE:

Nelson Mandela, who became one of the world's most beloved statesmen and a colossus of the 20th century when he emerged from 27 years in prison to negotiate an end to white minority rule in South Africa, died on Thursday, December 5th 2013. He was 95.

South African President Jacob Zuma made the announcement at a news conference late on December 5th, saying "we've lost our greatest son."

South Africa's first black president spent nearly one-third of his life as a prisoner of apartheid, the system of white racist rule that he described as evil, yet he sought to win over its defeated guardians in a relatively peaceful transition of power that inspired the world.

It was this generosity of spirit that made Mandela a global symbol of sacrifice and reconciliation in a world often jarred by conflict and division.

Mandela's stature as a fighter against white oppression and seeker of peace with his enemies was on a par with that of other men he admired: American civil rights activist Martin Luther King Jr. and Indian independence leader Mohandas K. Gandhi, both of whom were assassinated while actively engaged in their callings.

Mandela's death deprived the world of one of one of the great figures of modern history and set the stage for days of mourning and reflection about a colossus of the 20th century who projected astonishing grace, resolve and good humour.

At times, Mandela embraced his iconic status, appearing before a rapturous crowd in London's Wembley Stadium soon after his 1990 release from jail.

Sometimes, he sought to downplay it, uneasy about the perils of being put on a pedestal. In an unpublished manuscript, written while in prison, Mandela acknowledged that leaders of the anti-apartheid movement dominated the spotlight but said they were "only part of the story," and every activist was "like a brick which makes up our organisation."

He pondered the cost to his family of his dedication to the fight against the racist system of government that jailed him for 27 years and refused him permission to attend the funeral of his mother and of a son who was killed in a car crash.

In court, he described himself as "the loneliest man" during his mid-1990s divorce from Winnie Mandela.

As president, he could not forge lasting solutions to poverty, unemployment and other social ills that still plague today's South Africa, which has struggled to live up to its rosy depiction as the "Rainbow Nation."

He secured near-mythical status in his country and beyond. Last year, the South African central bank released new banknotes showing his face, a robust, smiling image of a man who was meticulous about his appearance and routinely exercised while in prison.

South Africa erected statues of him and named buildings and other places after him. He shared the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize with F. W. de Klerk, the country's last white president.

He was the subject of books, films and songs and a magnet for celebrities. In 2010, Mandela waved to the crowd at the Soccer City stadium at the closing ceremony of the World Cup, whose staging in South Africa allowed the country, and the continent, to shine internationally.

It was the last public appearance for the former president and prisoner, who smiled broadly and was bundled up against the cold.

One of the most memorable of his gestures toward racial harmony was the day in 1995 when he strode onto the field before the Rugby World Cup final in Johannesburg, and then again after the game, when he congratulated the home team for its victory over a tough New Zealand team.

Mandela was wearing South African colours and the overwhelmingly white crowd of 63,000 was on its feet, chanting "Nelson! Nelson! Nelson!"

It was typical of Mandela to march headlong into a bastion of white Afrikanerdom - in this case the temple of South African rugby - and make its followers feel they belonged in the new South Africa.

The moment was portrayed in "Invictus," Clint Eastwood's movie telling the story of South Africa's transformation through the prism of sport.

It was a moment half a century in the making. In the 1950s, Mandela sought universal rights through peaceful means but was sentenced to life imprisonment in 1964 for leading a campaign of sabotage against the government.

The speech he gave during that trial outlined his vision and resolve.

"During my lifetime I have dedicated myself to this struggle of the African people," Mandela said. "I have fought against white domination, and I have fought against black domination.

I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for and to achieve.

But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die." He was confined to the harsh Robben Island prison near Cape Town for most

of his time behind bars, then moved to jails on the mainland.

It was forbidden to quote him or publish his photo, yet he and other jailed members of his banned African National Congress were able to smuggle out messages of guidance to the anti-apartheid movement, and in the final stages of his confinement, he negotiated secretly with the apartheid leaders who recognised change was inevitable.

Thousands died, or were tortured or imprisoned in the decades-long struggle against apartheid, which deprived the black majority of the vote, the right to choose where to live and travel, and other basic freedoms.

So when inmate No. 46664 went free after 27 years, walking hand-in-hand with his wife Winnie out of a prison on the South African mainland, people worldwide rejoiced.

Mandela raised his right fist in triumph, and in his autobiography, "Long Walk to Freedom," he would write: "As I finally walked through those gates ... I felt - even at the age of seventy-one - that my life was beginning anew."

Mandela's release, rivaled the fall of the Berlin Wall just a few months earlier as a symbol of humanity's yearning for freedom, and his graying hair, raspy voice and colourful shirts made him a globally known figure.

Life, however, imposed new challenges on Mandela.

South Africa's white rulers had portrayed him as the spearhead of a communist revolution and insisted that black majority rule would usher in bloody chaos.

Thousands died in factional fighting in the runup to democratic elections in 1994, and Mandela accused the government of collusion in the

bloodshed.

But voting day, when long lines of voters waited patiently to cast ballots, passed peacefully, as did Mandela's inauguration as president.

"Never, never and never again shall it be that this beautiful land will again experience the oppression of one by another and suffer the indignity of being the skunk of the world," the new president said. "Let freedom reign. The sun shall never set on so glorious a human achievement! God bless Africa! Thank you."

Mandela also stood hand on heart, saluted by white generals as he sang along to two anthems now one: the apartheid-era Afrikaans "Die Stem," ("The Voice") and the African "Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika" ("Lord Bless Africa").

Since apartheid ended, South Africa has held four parliamentary elections and elected three presidents, always peacefully, setting an example on a continent where democracy is still new and fragile.

However, corruption scandals and other missteps under the ruling African National Congress, the liberation group once led by Mandela, have undercut some of the early promise.

President Jacob Zuma periodically observes that the South African white minority is far wealthier than the black majority, an imbalance that he regards as a vestige of the apartheid system that bestowed most economic benefits on whites.

When Mandela came to power, black South Africans anticipated quick fixes after being denied proper housing, schools and health care under apartheid.

The new government, however, embraced free-market policies to keep white-dominated big business on its side and attract foreign investment.

The policy averted the kind of economic deterioration that occurred in Zimbabwe after independence; South Africa, though, has one of the world's biggest gaps between rich and poor.

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela was born July 18, 1918, the son of a tribal chief in Transkei, a Xhosa homeland that later became one of the "Bantustans" set up as independent republics by the apartheid regime to cement the separation of whites and blacks.

Mandela's royal upbringing gave him a regal bearing that became his hallmark. Many South Africans of all races would later call him by his clan name, Madiba, as a token of affection and respect.

Growing up at a time when virtually all of Africa was under European colonial rule, Mandela attended Methodist schools before being admitted to the black University of Fort Hare in 1938.

He was expelled two years later for his role in a student strike.

He moved to Johannesburg and worked as a policeman at a gold mine, boxed as an amateur heavyweight and studied law.

His first wife, nurse Evelyn Mase, bore him four children. A daughter died in infancy, a son was killed in a car crash in 1970 and another son died of AIDS in 2005. The couple divorced in 1957 and Evelyn died in 2004.

Mandela began his rise through the anti-apartheid movement in 1944, when he helped form the ANC Youth League.

He organised a campaign in 1952 to encourage defiance of laws that segregated schools, marriage, housing and job opportunities. The government retaliated by barring him from attending gatherings and leaving Johannesburg, the first of many "banning" orders he was to endure.

After a two-day nationwide strike was crushed by police, he and a small group of ANC colleagues decided on military action and Mandela pushed to form the movement's guerrilla wing, Umkhonto we Sizwe, or Spear of the Nation.

He was arrested in 1962 and sentenced to five years' hard labour for leaving the country illegally and inciting blacks to strike.

A year later, police uncovered the ANC's underground headquarters on a farm near Johannesburg and seized documents outlining plans for a guerrilla campaign.

At a time when African colonies were one by one becoming independent states, Mandela and seven co-defendants were sentenced to life in prison.

The ANC's armed wing was later involved in a series of high-profile bombings that killed civilians, and many in the white minority viewed the imprisoned Mandela as a terrorist. The apartheid government, meanwhile, was denounced globally for its campaign of beatings, assassinations and other violent attacks on opponents.

Even in numbing confinement, Mandela sought to flourish.

"Incidentally, you may find that the cell is an ideal place to learn to know yourself, to search realistically and regularly the process of your own mind and feelings," he wrote in 1975 to Winnie Mandela, a prominent activist in her own right who was in a separate jail at that time.

Mandela turned down conditional offers of freedom during his decades in prison. In 1989, P.W. Botha, South Africa's hard-line president, was replaced by de Klerk, who recognised apartheid's end was near. Mandela continued, even in his last weeks in prison, to advocate nationalising banks, mines and monopoly industries - a stance that frightened the white business community.

But talks were already underway, with Mandela being spirited out of prison to meet white government leaders. After his release, he took charge of the ANC, and was elected president in a landslide in South Africa's first all-race election.

Perceived successes during Mandela's tenure include the introduction of a constitution with robust protections for individual rights, and the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, which he established with his fellow Nobelist, Archbishop Desmond Tutu.

It allowed human rights offenders of all races to admit their crimes publicly in return for lenient treatment. Though not regarded as wholly successful, it proved to be a kind of national therapy that would become a model for other countries emerging from prolonged strife.

Despite his saintly image, Mandela was sometimes a harsh critic. When black journalists mildly criticised his government, he painted them as stooges of the whites who owned the media. Some whites with complaints were dismissed as pining for their old privileges.

In the buildup to the Iraq War, Mandela harshly rebuked President George W. Bush. "Why is the United States behaving so arrogantly?" he asked in a speech. "All that (Bush) wants is Iraqi oil."

He suggested Bush and then British Prime Minister Tony Blair were racists, and claimed America, "which has committed unspeakable atrocities in the world," had no moral standing.

Until Bush repealed the order in 2008, Mandela could not visit the U.S. without the secretary of state certifying that he was not a terrorist.

To critics of his closeness to Fidel Castro and Moammar Gadhafi despite human rights violations in the countries they ruled, Mandela explained that he wouldn't forsake supporters of the anti-apartheid struggle.

To the disappointment of many South Africans, he increasingly left the governing to Deputy President Thabo Mbeki, who won the next presidential election and took over when Mandela's term ended in 1999.

"I must step down while there are one or two people who admire me," Mandela joked at the time. When he retired, he said he was going to stand on a street with a sign that said: "Unemployed, no job. New wife and large family to support."

His marriage to Winnie had fallen apart after his release and he married Graca Machel, the widowed, former first lady of neighbouring Mozambique.

With apartheid vanquished, Mandela turned to peacemaking efforts in other parts of Africa and the world and eventually to fighting AIDS, publicly acknowledging that his own son, Makgatho, had died of the disease.

Mandela's final years were marked by frequent hospitalisations as he struggled with respiratory problems that had bothered him since he contracted tuberculosis in prison.

He stayed in his rural home in Qunu in Eastern Cape province, where Hillary Clinton, then U.S. secretary of state, visited him in 2012, but then moved full-time to his home in Johannesburg so he could be close to medical care in Pretoria, the capital.

He is survived by Machel; his daughter Makaziwe by his first marriage, and daughters Zindzi and Zenani by his second.

***

Nelson Mandela's casket was transported on December 12th from the military hospital in Pretoria to the Union Buildings, where it will lie in state for a second day.

Thousands queued on December 11th to pay their last respects to the anti-apartheid icon, who died last December 5th, aged 95.

Huge crowds were also expected to turn out on December 12th to bid farewell to the man many affectionately call by his clan name Madiba.

Mandela's body will also lie in state for a last day on December 13th.

On December 14th, Mandela's body will be flown to Qunu, his childhood home in the Eastern Cape Province.

He will be buried there on December 15th.

***

South Africa's governing political party held a farewell ceremony at an airbase in Pretoria on December 14th for Nelson Mandela before his casket was flown to Mthatha near his rural hometown of Qunu.

In a solemn ceremony broadcast live on South African television, the military handed Mandela's flag-draped coffin over to the African National Congress (ANC) - the liberation movement-turned ruling party that Mandela once headed.

The proceedings included a multi-faith service and speeches from two of Mandela's grandsons who thanked the ANC for honouring him after his death last week at the age of 95.

US civil rights leader Jesse Jackson was seated inside alongside Mandela's widow, Graca Machel, South African president Jacob Zuma and former South African President Thabo Mbeki.

Jackson described it as a "painful celebration" but said Mandela's accomplishments, philosophy and spirit would live on.

Having bid farewell to Mandela while he was lying in state in Pretoria, Jackson said that seeing white people line up for hours to see Mandela's body and cry demonstrated a "healing process in motion."

Jackson was flying to Qunu to attend the funeral. So, too, was ANC Youth League President Mzwandile Masina.

For Masina, the ANC must emulate Mandela and live by his ideals particularly to overcome the hard economic times the country is enduring.

Retired Major General Keith Mokoape is a former Chief of Military of the MK, the ANC's armed military unit that was co-founded by Mandela.

He lived for years in exile in Zambia during the worst of the Apartheid years while fighting to overthrow white rule in South Africa.

Now he is celebrating the life of Mandela saying that the nation is left with a heavy legacy "attempting to fit into his very, very big shoes."

Mandela's flag-draped coffin was accompanied by a military honour guard as it was slowly transferred onto a military plane for transport to the Eastern Cape.

It is expected to arrive at Mthatha on December 14th, greeted by a full military ceremony, before being taken by motorcade to Qunu.

***

Soldiers saluted and crowds cheered loudly as a hearse bearing the body of Nelson Mandela drove from a small airport in the Eastern Cape towards his home village on December 14th.

Crowds lined the streets of Mthatha to view the cortege as it made its way to Qunu where the anti-apartheid icon will be buried on December 15th.

Mandela had longed to spend his final months in his beloved rural village but instead he had spent them in a hospital in Pretoria and then in his home in Johannesburg where he had remained in critical condition, suffering from lung problems and other ailments, until his death on December 5th.

Mandela had been imprisoned for 27 years for opposing racist apartheid and emerged in 1990 to forge a new democratic South Africa by promoting forgiveness and reconciliation.

He became president in 1994 after South Africa's first all-race democratic elections.

***

Bayanda Nyengule, the head of the Nelson Mandela Museum in Qunu, said on December 15th that the sight of Mandela's coffin being lowered into the ground hit him hard.

Nyengule was was one of those who attended the private burial in Qunu, the rural village in eastern South Africa that was Mandela's childhood home.

"I realised that the old man is no more, no more with us," Nyengule said.

As mourners began to leave after the funeral, a friend of the Mandela family who had been present at the service said she was also struck by the sight of the casket being lowered into the earth.

"The whole week, we've been celebrating his life but today after that speech from Kathrada and just watching that coffin going down, being lowered into the ground, was... I don't know, that's when reality sort of hit that he's really gone," said Thato Pekeche.

South African television showed Mandela's casket at the family gravesite, but the broadcast went to a different scene just before the coffin was lowered at the request of the Mandela family.

It was South Africa's final goodbye to the man who reconciled the country in its most volatile period.

Earlier, more than 4,000 gathered for a funeral service in a huge tent at the family compound.

***

Mourners left tributes on December 15th outside the family home of Nelson Mandela in the Houghton neighbourhood of Johannesburg, as the funeral service for the late anti-apartheid leader was being held in his birth village of Qunu, a rural village in the Eastern Cape province.

The burial at a family grave site on the estate in Qunu will end 10 days of mourning ceremonies that included a massive stadium memorial in Johannesburg and three days during which Mandela's body lay in state in the capital, Pretoria.

Outside his Houghton family home, people laid flowers, lit candles and left messages of tribute to honour the anti-apartheid leader.

"We have been through a slight phase of euphoria celebrating Madiba's life," said Adale Gluckman, one mourner outside Mandela's family home, referring to the past days of celebration for Mandela.

"But today is a day for reflection, a day for togetherness, and a day for... well it's a beautiful day so any beautiful thoughts and beautiful memories," Gluckman added.

Mandela's casket arrived at the family compound from the capital on Saturday. It was accompanied by an enormous convoy of police, military and other vehicles.

***

The man who appeared to provide sign language interpretation on stage for Nelson Mandela's memorial service on December 12th was a "fake" according to the Deaf Federation of South Africa.

The unidentified man seen on televisions around the world next to leaders including United States President Barack Obama "didn't sign anything, he just did these funny movements," said Ingrid Parkin, principal of the St. Vincent School for the Deaf in Johannesburg,

She said she received complaints about it from the deaf community from around the world.

Watching Cyril Ramaphosa's speech again on December 11th, Parkin explained what the sign language should have looked like.

According to Parkin the man on stage wasn't a qualified sign language interpreter:

"It's absolutely impossible that he is any kind of interpreter or a language person at all, because he's not even using a language there."

Rumours spread that the interpreter used a different African language while interpreting, but the Deaf Federation of South Africa said that is impossible.

"In South Africa we have many deaf people. And we know that there are many deaf people who maybe use different signs. But there's no sign language for Afrikaans or for Zulu, or Xhosa or for Sotho or Ndebele, when we all come together we use one South African sign language," said the Federation's national director Bruno Druchen.

The man also did sign interpretation at an event last year that was attended by South African President Jacob Zuma, Druchen said.

At that appearance, a deaf person in the audience videotaped the event and gave it to the federation for the deaf, which analysed the video, prepared a report

about it and a submitted a formal complaint to the governing African National Congress (ANC) party, Druchen said.

He said that the ANC never responded and a fresh complaint will now be filed to the ANC about the interpreter.

The allegation was yet another example of bad organisation at the historic memorial service December 10th, which was marred by public transportation breakdowns that hindered mourners from getting to the soccer stadium venue.

In addition a faulty audio system made the remarks of world leaders inaudible for many, and police failed to search the first wave of crowds who rushed inside the stadium after authorities opened the gates just after dawn.

Nelson Mandela, who became one of the world's most beloved statesmen and a colossus of the 20th century when he emerged from 27 years in prison to negotiate an end to white minority rule in South Africa, died on Thursday, 5 December.

He was 95.

South African President Jacob Zuma made the announcement at a news conference late Thursday, saying "we've lost our greatest son."

South Africa's first black president spent nearly one-third of his life as a prisoner of apartheid, the system of white racist rule that he described as evil, yet he sought to win over its defeated guardians in a relatively peaceful transition of power that inspired the world.

It was this generosity of spirit that made Mandela a global symbol of sacrifice and reconciliation in a world often jarred by conflict and division.

Mandela's stature as a fighter against white oppression and seeker of peace with his enemies was on a par with that of other men he admired: American civil rights activist Martin Luther King Jr. and Indian independence leader Mohandas K. Gandhi, both of whom were assassinated while actively engaged in their callings.

Mandela's death deprived the world of one of one of the great figures of modern history and set the stage for days of mourning and reflection about a colossus of the 20th century who projected astonishing grace, resolve and good humour.

At times, Mandela embraced his iconic status, appearing before a rapturous crowd in London's Wembley Stadium soon after his 1990 release from jail.

Sometimes, he sought to downplay it, uneasy about the perils of being put on a pedestal. In an unpublished manuscript, written while in prison, Mandela acknowledged that leaders of the anti-apartheid movement dominated the spotlight but said they were "only part of the story," and every activist was "like a brick which makes up our organisation."

He pondered the cost to his family of his dedication to the fight against the racist system of government that jailed him for 27 years and refused him permission to attend the funeral of his mother and of a son who was killed in a car crash.

In court, he described himself as "the loneliest man" during his mid-1990s divorce from Winnie Mandela.

As president, he could not forge lasting solutions to poverty, unemployment and other social ills that still plague today's South Africa, which has struggled to live up to its rosy depiction as the "Rainbow Nation."

He secured near-mythical status in his country and beyond. Last year, the South African central bank released new banknotes showing his face, a robust, smiling image of a man who was meticulous about his appearance and routinely exercised while in prison.

South Africa erected statues of him and named buildings and other places after him. He shared the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize with F. W. de Klerk, the country's last white president.

He was the subject of books, films and songs and a magnet for celebrities. In 2010, Mandela waved to the crowd at the Soccer City stadium at the closing ceremony of the World Cup, whose staging in South Africa allowed the country, and the continent, to shine internationally.

It was the last public appearance for the former president and prisoner, who smiled broadly and was bundled up against the cold.

One of the most memorable of his gestures toward racial harmony was the day in 1995 when he strode onto the field before the Rugby World Cup final in Johannesburg, and then again after the game, when he congratulated the home team for its victory over a tough New Zealand team.

Mandela was wearing South African colours and the overwhelmingly white crowd of 63,000 was on its feet, chanting "Nelson! Nelson! Nelson!"

It was typical of Mandela to march headlong into a bastion of white Afrikanerdom - in this case the temple of South African rugby - and make its followers feel they belonged in the new South Africa.

The moment was portrayed in "Invictus," Clint Eastwood's movie telling the story of South Africa's transformation through the prism of sport.

It was a moment half a century in the making. In the 1950s, Mandela sought universal rights through peaceful means but was sentenced to life imprisonment in 1964 for leading a campaign of sabotage against the government.

The speech he gave during that trial outlined his vision and resolve.

"During my lifetime I have dedicated myself to this struggle of the African people," Mandela said. "I have fought against white domination, and I have fought against black domination.

I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for and to achieve.

But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die." He was confined to the harsh Robben Island prison near Cape Town for most

of his time behind bars, then moved to jails on the mainland.

It was forbidden to quote him or publish his photo, yet he and other jailed members of his banned African National Congress were able to smuggle out messages of guidance to the anti-apartheid movement, and in the final stages of his confinement, he negotiated secretly with the apartheid leaders who recognised change was inevitable.

Thousands died, or were tortured or imprisoned in the decades-long struggle against apartheid, which deprived the black majority of the vote, the right to choose where to live and travel, and other basic freedoms.

So when inmate No. 46664 went free after 27 years, walking hand-in-hand with his wife Winnie out of a prison on the South African mainland, people worldwide rejoiced.

Mandela raised his right fist in triumph, and in his autobiography, "Long Walk to Freedom," he would write: "As I finally walked through those gates ... I felt - even at the age of seventy-one - that my life was beginning anew."

Mandela's release, rivaled the fall of the Berlin Wall just a few months earlier as a symbol of humanity's yearning for freedom, and his graying hair, raspy voice and colourful shirts made him a globally known figure.

Life, however, imposed new challenges on Mandela.

South Africa's white rulers had portrayed him as the spearhead of a communist revolution and insisted that black majority rule would usher in bloody chaos.

Thousands died in factional fighting in the runup to democratic elections in 1994, and Mandela accused the government of collusion in the

bloodshed.

But voting day, when long lines of voters waited patiently to cast ballots, passed peacefully, as did Mandela's inauguration as president.

"Never, never and never again shall it be that this beautiful land will again experience the oppression of one by another and suffer the indignity of being the skunk of the world," the new president said. "Let freedom reign. The sun shall never set on so glorious a human achievement! God bless Africa! Thank you."

Mandela also stood hand on heart, saluted by white generals as he sang along to two anthems now one: the apartheid-era Afrikaans "Die Stem," ("The Voice") and the African "Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika" ("Lord Bless Africa").

Since apartheid ended, South Africa has held four parliamentary elections and elected three presidents, always peacefully, setting an example on a continent where democracy is still new and fragile.

However, corruption scandals and other missteps under the ruling African National Congress, the liberation group once led by Mandela, have undercut some of the early promise.

President Jacob Zuma periodically observes that the South African white minority is far wealthier than the black majority, an imbalance that he regards as a vestige of the apartheid system that bestowed most economic benefits on whites.

When Mandela came to power, black South Africans anticipated quick fixes after being denied proper housing, schools and health care under apartheid.

The new government, however, embraced free-market policies to keep white-dominated big business on its side and attract foreign investment.

The policy averted the kind of economic deterioration that occurred in Zimbabwe after independence; South Africa, though, has one of the world's biggest gaps between rich and poor.

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela was born July 18, 1918, the son of a tribal chief in Transkei, a Xhosa homeland that later became one of the

"Bantustans" set up as independent republics by the apartheid regime to cement the separation of whites and blacks.

Mandela's royal upbringing gave him a regal bearing that became his hallmark. Many South Africans of all races would later call him by his clan name, Madiba, as a token of affection and respect.

Growing up at a time when virtually all of Africa was under European colonial rule, Mandela attended Methodist schools before being admitted to the black University of Fort Hare in 1938.

He was expelled two years later for his role in a student strike.

He moved to Johannesburg and worked as a policeman at a gold mine, boxed as an amateur heavyweight and studied law.

His first wife, nurse Evelyn Mase, bore him four children. A daughter died in infancy, a son was killed in a car crash in 1970 and another son died of AIDS in 2005. The couple divorced in 1957 and Evelyn died in 2004.

Mandela began his rise through the anti-apartheid movement in 1944, when he helped form the ANC Youth League.

He organised a campaign in 1952 to encourage defiance of laws that segregated schools, marriage, housing and job opportunities. The government retaliated by barring him from attending gatherings and leaving Johannesburg, the first of many "banning" orders he was to endure.

After a two-day nationwide strike was crushed by police, he and a small group of ANC colleagues decided on military action and Mandela pushed to form the movement's guerrilla wing, Umkhonto we Sizwe, or Spear of the Nation.

He was arrested in 1962 and sentenced to five years' hard labour for leaving the country illegally and inciting blacks to strike.

A year later, police uncovered the ANC's underground headquarters on a farm near Johannesburg and seized documents outlining plans for a guerrilla campaign.

At a time when African colonies were one by one becoming independent states, Mandela and seven co-defendants were sentenced to life in prison.

The ANC's armed wing was later involved in a series of high-profile bombings that killed civilians, and many in the white minority viewed the

imprisoned Mandela as a terrorist. The apartheid government, meanwhile, was denounced globally for its campaign of beatings, assassinations and other violent attacks on opponents.

Even in numbing confinement, Mandela sought to flourish.

"Incidentally, you may find that the cell is an ideal place to learn to know yourself, to search realistically and regularly the process of your own mind and feelings," he wrote in 1975 to Winnie Mandela, a prominent activist in her own right who was in a separate jail at that time.

Mandela turned down conditional offers of freedom during his decades in prison. In 1989, P.W. Botha, South Africa's hard-line president, was replaced by de Klerk, who recognised apartheid's end was near. Mandela continued, even in his last weeks in prison, to advocate nationalising banks, mines and monopoly industries - a stance that frightened the white business community.

But talks were already underway, with Mandela being spirited out of prison to meet white government leaders. After his release, he took charge of the ANC, and was elected president in a landslide in South Africa's first all-race election.

Perceived successes during Mandela's tenure include the introduction of a constitution with robust protections for individual rights, and the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, which he established with his fellow Nobelist, Archbishop Desmond Tutu.

It allowed human rights offenders of all races to admit their crimes publicly in return for lenient treatment. Though not regarded as wholly successful, it proved to be a kind of national therapy that would become a model for other countries emerging from prolonged strife.

Despite his saintly image, Mandela was sometimes a harsh critic. When black journalists mildly criticised his government, he painted them as stooges of the whites who owned the media. Some whites with complaints were dismissed as pining for their old privileges.

In the buildup to the Iraq War, Mandela harshly rebuked President George W. Bush. "Why is the United States behaving so arrogantly?" he asked in a speech. "All that (Bush) wants is Iraqi oil."

He suggested Bush and then British Prime Minister Tony Blair were racists, and claimed America, "which has committed unspeakable atrocities in the world," had no moral standing.

Until Bush repealed the order in 2008, Mandela could not visit the U.S. without the secretary of state certifying that he was not a terrorist.

To critics of his closeness to Fidel Castro and Moammar Gadhafi despite human rights violations in the countries they ruled, Mandela explained that he wouldn't forsake supporters of the anti-apartheid struggle.

To the disappointment of many South Africans, he increasingly left the governing to Deputy President Thabo Mbeki, who won the next presidential election and took over when Mandela's term ended in 1999.

"I must step down while there are one or two people who admire me," Mandela joked at the time. When he retired, he said he was going to stand on a street with a sign that said: "Unemployed, no job. New wife and large family to support."

His marriage to Winnie had fallen apart after his release and he married Graca Machel, the widowed, former first lady of neighbouring Mozambique.

With apartheid vanquished, Mandela turned to peacemaking efforts in other parts of Africa and the world and eventually to fighting AIDS, publicly acknowledging that his own son, Makgatho, had died of the disease.

Mandela's final years were marked by frequent hospitalisations as he struggled with respiratory problems that had bothered him since he contracted tuberculosis in prison.

He stayed in his rural home in Qunu in Eastern Cape province, where Hillary Clinton, then U.S. secretary of state, visited him in 2012, but then moved full-time to his home in Johannesburg so he could be close to medical care in Pretoria, the capital.

He is survived by Machel; his daughter Makaziwe by his first marriage, and daughters Zindzi and Zenani by his second.

POOL

London, UK - 29 August 2007

++4:3++

1. Wide of the ceremony of unveiling of Mandela statue in London

2. Close up of Mandela

3. Wide of statue being unveiled in Parliament Square

4. SOUNDBITE (English) Nelson Mandela, former South African president and Nobel laureate:

"When Oliver Tambo (fellow anti-apartheid leader) and I visited Westminster Abbey and Parliament Square in 1962, we half-joked that we hoped that one day a statue of a black person would be erected here." UPSOUND of applause

5. Mandela's wife Graca Machel smiling and clapping

AP TELEVISION

Johannesburg, South Africa - 27 October 2007

++4:3++

6. Mandela wearing the South African Rugby team strip walking in to Nelson Mandela Foundation to meet the Springboks after they won the 2007 Rugby World Cup

7. Cutaway of photographer

8. Close up of Mandela's face

9. Mandela and Jake White, Captain of the Springboks holding the Web Ellis Trophy

10. Various of Mandela with the team holding the trophy

UK POOL

London, UK - 25 June 2008

++4:3++

11. Various of Nelson Mandela and his wife meeting Queen Elizabeth II at Buckingham Palace

UK POOL

London, UK - 26 June 2008

++4:3++

12. Left to right: Chelsea Clinton, British Prime Minister Gordon Brown, former US President Bill Clinton, Sarah Brown (Brown's wife), sitting down: Graca Machel (Mandela's wife), Nelson Mandela ++MUTE++

13. SOUNDBITE: (English) Nelson Mandela, former South African president, Nobel laureate:

"We warned against the invasion of Iraq and observed the terrible suffering in that country. We watch with sadness the continuing tragedy in Darfur. Nearer to home, we have seen the outbreak of violence against fellow Africans in our own country and the tragic failure of leadership in our neighbouring Zimbabwe." (applause)

UK POOL

London, UK - 27 June 2008

++4:3++

14. Wide of crowd at concert held for Nelson Mandela's 90th birthday

15. Will Smith on stage at concert UPSOUND "Ladies and gentlemen, the one the only, the birthday boy, Nelson Mandela"

16. Crowd clapping

17. Mandela walking out on the stage

18. Wide of stage

19. Nelson Mandela approaching podium

20. Woman holding up banner

21. Mandela struggling to get to podium

22. SOUNDBITE (English) Nelson Mandela, former South African president, Nobel laureate:

++contains cutaways of the audience and wide of the stage++

"After nearly 90 years of life, it is time for new hands to lift the burden. It is in your hands now."

23. Various of Mandela waving as people applaud

AGENCY POOL

Qunu, South Africa - 18 July 2008

++4:3++

24. Mid of Mandela's grandchildren giving three birthdays cheers to their grandfather UPSOUND (English) "Hip hip hurray!"

AP TELEVISION

Qunu, South Africa - 19 July 2008

++4:3++

25. Mandela arriving for his Birthday party with ANC President Jacob Zuma and Thabo Mbeki (right)

26. Close up of Mandela looking at Mbeki

27. Wide of Zuma on stage with singers

28. Various of guests raising a toast to Mandela

29. Mandela blowing out birthday candles on a cake

Nelson Mandela, who became one of the world's most beloved statesmen and a colossus of the 20th century when he emerged from 27 years in prison to negotiate an end to white minority rule in South Africa, died on Thursday, 5 December.

He was 95.

South African President Jacob Zuma made the announcement at a news conference late Thursday, saying "we've lost our greatest son."

South Africa's first black president spent nearly one-third of his life as a prisoner of apartheid, the system of white racist rule that he described as evil, yet he sought to win over its defeated guardians in a relatively peaceful transition of power that inspired the world.

It was this generosity of spirit that made Mandela a global symbol of sacrifice and reconciliation in a world often jarred by conflict and division.

Mandela's stature as a fighter against white oppression and seeker of peace with his enemies was on a par with that of other men he admired: American civil rights activist Martin Luther King Jr. and Indian independence leader Mohandas K. Gandhi, both of whom were assassinated while actively engaged in their callings.

Mandela's death deprived the world of one of one of the great figures of modern history and set the stage for days of mourning and reflection about a colossus of the 20th century who projected astonishing grace, resolve and good humour.

At times, Mandela embraced his iconic status, appearing before a rapturous crowd in London's Wembley Stadium soon after his 1990 release from jail.

Sometimes, he sought to downplay it, uneasy about the perils of being put on a pedestal. In an unpublished manuscript, written while in prison, Mandela acknowledged that leaders of the anti-apartheid movement dominated the spotlight but said they were "only part of the story," and every activist was "like a brick which makes up our organisation."

He pondered the cost to his family of his dedication to the fight against the racist system of government that jailed him for 27 years and refused him permission to attend the funeral of his mother and of a son who was killed in a car crash.

In court, he described himself as "the loneliest man" during his mid-1990s divorce from Winnie Mandela.

As president, he could not forge lasting solutions to poverty, unemployment and other social ills that still plague today's South Africa, which has struggled to live up to its rosy depiction as the "Rainbow Nation."

He secured near-mythical status in his country and beyond. Last year, the South African central bank released new banknotes showing his face, a robust, smiling image of a man who was meticulous about his appearance and routinely exercised while in prison.

South Africa erected statues of him and named buildings and other places after him. He shared the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize with F. W. de Klerk, the country's last white president.

He was the subject of books, films and songs and a magnet for celebrities. In 2010, Mandela waved to the crowd at the Soccer City stadium at the closing ceremony of the World Cup, whose staging in South Africa allowed the country, and the continent, to shine internationally.

It was the last public appearance for the former president and prisoner, who smiled broadly and was bundled up against the cold.

One of the most memorable of his gestures toward racial harmony was the day in 1995 when he strode onto the field before the Rugby World Cup final in Johannesburg, and then again after the game, when he congratulated the home team for its victory over a tough New Zealand team.

Mandela was wearing South African colours and the overwhelmingly white crowd of 63,000 was on its feet, chanting "Nelson! Nelson! Nelson!"

It was typical of Mandela to march headlong into a bastion of white Afrikanerdom - in this case the temple of South African rugby - and make its followers feel they belonged in the new South Africa.

The moment was portrayed in "Invictus," Clint Eastwood's movie telling the story of South Africa's transformation through the prism of sport.

It was a moment half a century in the making. In the 1950s, Mandela sought universal rights through peaceful means but was sentenced to life imprisonment in 1964 for leading a campaign of sabotage against the government.

The speech he gave during that trial outlined his vision and resolve.

"During my lifetime I have dedicated myself to this struggle of the African people," Mandela said. "I have fought against white domination, and I have fought against black domination.

I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for and to achieve.

But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die." He was confined to the harsh Robben Island prison near Cape Town for most

of his time behind bars, then moved to jails on the mainland.

It was forbidden to quote him or publish his photo, yet he and other jailed members of his banned African National Congress were able to smuggle out messages of guidance to the anti-apartheid movement, and in the final stages of his confinement, he negotiated secretly with the apartheid leaders who recognised change was inevitable.

Thousands died, or were tortured or imprisoned in the decades-long struggle against apartheid, which deprived the black majority of the vote, the right to choose where to live and travel, and other basic freedoms.

So when inmate No. 46664 went free after 27 years, walking hand-in-hand with his wife Winnie out of a prison on the South African mainland, people worldwide rejoiced.

Mandela raised his right fist in triumph, and in his autobiography, "Long Walk to Freedom," he would write: "As I finally walked through those gates ... I felt - even at the age of seventy-one - that my life was beginning anew."

Mandela's release, rivaled the fall of the Berlin Wall just a few months earlier as a symbol of humanity's yearning for freedom, and his graying hair, raspy voice and colourful shirts made him a globally known figure.

Life, however, imposed new challenges on Mandela.

South Africa's white rulers had portrayed him as the spearhead of a communist revolution and insisted that black majority rule would usher in bloody chaos.

Thousands died in factional fighting in the runup to democratic elections in 1994, and Mandela accused the government of collusion in the

bloodshed.

But voting day, when long lines of voters waited patiently to cast ballots, passed peacefully, as did Mandela's inauguration as president.

"Never, never and never again shall it be that this beautiful land will again experience the oppression of one by another and suffer the indignity of being the skunk of the world," the new president said. "Let freedom reign. The sun shall never set on so glorious a human achievement! God bless Africa! Thank you."

Mandela also stood hand on heart, saluted by white generals as he sang along to two anthems now one: the apartheid-era Afrikaans "Die Stem," ("The Voice") and the African "Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika" ("Lord Bless Africa").

Since apartheid ended, South Africa has held four parliamentary elections and elected three presidents, always peacefully, setting an example on a continent where democracy is still new and fragile.

However, corruption scandals and other missteps under the ruling African National Congress, the liberation group once led by Mandela, have undercut some of the early promise.

President Jacob Zuma periodically observes that the South African white minority is far wealthier than the black majority, an imbalance that he regards as a vestige of the apartheid system that bestowed most economic benefits on whites.

When Mandela came to power, black South Africans anticipated quick fixes after being denied proper housing, schools and health care under apartheid.

The new government, however, embraced free-market policies to keep white-dominated big business on its side and attract foreign investment.

The policy averted the kind of economic deterioration that occurred in Zimbabwe after independence; South Africa, though, has one of the world's biggest gaps between rich and poor.

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela was born July 18, 1918, the son of a tribal chief in Transkei, a Xhosa homeland that later became one of the

"Bantustans" set up as independent republics by the apartheid regime to cement the separation of whites and blacks.

Mandela's royal upbringing gave him a regal bearing that became his hallmark. Many South Africans of all races would later call him by his clan name, Madiba, as a token of affection and respect.

Growing up at a time when virtually all of Africa was under European colonial rule, Mandela attended Methodist schools before being admitted to the black University of Fort Hare in 1938.

He was expelled two years later for his role in a student strike.

He moved to Johannesburg and worked as a policeman at a gold mine, boxed as an amateur heavyweight and studied law.

His first wife, nurse Evelyn Mase, bore him four children. A daughter died in infancy, a son was killed in a car crash in 1970 and another son died of AIDS in 2005. The couple divorced in 1957 and Evelyn died in 2004.

Mandela began his rise through the anti-apartheid movement in 1944, when he helped form the ANC Youth League.

He organised a campaign in 1952 to encourage defiance of laws that segregated schools, marriage, housing and job opportunities. The government retaliated by barring him from attending gatherings and leaving Johannesburg, the first of many "banning" orders he was to endure.

After a two-day nationwide strike was crushed by police, he and a small group of ANC colleagues decided on military action and Mandela pushed to form the movement's guerrilla wing, Umkhonto we Sizwe, or Spear of the Nation.

He was arrested in 1962 and sentenced to five years' hard labour for leaving the country illegally and inciting blacks to strike.

A year later, police uncovered the ANC's underground headquarters on a farm near Johannesburg and seized documents outlining plans for a guerrilla campaign.

At a time when African colonies were one by one becoming independent states, Mandela and seven co-defendants were sentenced to life in prison.

The ANC's armed wing was later involved in a series of high-profile bombings that killed civilians, and many in the white minority viewed the

imprisoned Mandela as a terrorist. The apartheid government, meanwhile, was denounced globally for its campaign of beatings, assassinations and other violent attacks on opponents.

Even in numbing confinement, Mandela sought to flourish.

"Incidentally, you may find that the cell is an ideal place to learn to know yourself, to search realistically and regularly the process of your own mind and feelings," he wrote in 1975 to Winnie Mandela, a prominent activist in her own right who was in a separate jail at that time.

Mandela turned down conditional offers of freedom during his decades in prison. In 1989, P.W. Botha, South Africa's hard-line president, was replaced by de Klerk, who recognised apartheid's end was near. Mandela continued, even in his last weeks in prison, to advocate nationalising banks, mines and monopoly industries - a stance that frightened the white business community.

But talks were already underway, with Mandela being spirited out of prison to meet white government leaders. After his release, he took charge of the ANC, and was elected president in a landslide in South Africa's first all-race election.

Perceived successes during Mandela's tenure include the introduction of a constitution with robust protections for individual rights, and the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, which he established with his fellow Nobelist, Archbishop Desmond Tutu.

It allowed human rights offenders of all races to admit their crimes publicly in return for lenient treatment. Though not regarded as wholly successful, it proved to be a kind of national therapy that would become a model for other countries emerging from prolonged strife.

Despite his saintly image, Mandela was sometimes a harsh critic. When black journalists mildly criticised his government, he painted them as stooges of the whites who owned the media. Some whites with complaints were dismissed as pining for their old privileges.

In the buildup to the Iraq War, Mandela harshly rebuked President George W. Bush. "Why is the United States behaving so arrogantly?" he asked in a speech. "All that (Bush) wants is Iraqi oil."

He suggested Bush and then British Prime Minister Tony Blair were racists, and claimed America, "which has committed unspeakable atrocities in the world," had no moral standing.

Until Bush repealed the order in 2008, Mandela could not visit the U.S. without the secretary of state certifying that he was not a terrorist.

To critics of his closeness to Fidel Castro and Moammar Gadhafi despite human rights violations in the countries they ruled, Mandela explained that he wouldn't forsake supporters of the anti-apartheid struggle.

To the disappointment of many South Africans, he increasingly left the governing to Deputy President Thabo Mbeki, who won the next presidential election and took over when Mandela's term ended in 1999.

"I must step down while there are one or two people who admire me," Mandela joked at the time. When he retired, he said he was going to stand on a street with a sign that said: "Unemployed, no job. New wife and large family to support."

His marriage to Winnie had fallen apart after his release and he married Graca Machel, the widowed, former first lady of neighbouring Mozambique.

With apartheid vanquished, Mandela turned to peacemaking efforts in other parts of Africa and the world and eventually to fighting AIDS, publicly acknowledging that his own son, Makgatho, had died of the disease.

Mandela's final years were marked by frequent hospitalisations as he struggled with respiratory problems that had bothered him since he contracted tuberculosis in prison.

He stayed in his rural home in Qunu in Eastern Cape province, where Hillary Clinton, then U.S. secretary of state, visited him in 2012, but then moved full-time to his home in Johannesburg so he could be close to medical care in Pretoria, the capital.

He is survived by Machel; his daughter Makaziwe by his first marriage, and daughters Zindzi and Zenani by his second.

AP TELEVISION

Qunu, Transkei, South Africa - 25 December 1995

++4:3++

1. Mandela looking at book inside his old childhood home

2. Close up of his finger pointing at a picture of him as a young man

AP TELEVISION

++MUTE ++

BLACK AND WHITE

South Africa, 1960s - precise dates and locations unknown

++4:3++

3.1964 Rivonia trial of Nelson Mandela and seven ANC members ++please note contains a freeze frame++

4. South African President Hendrik Verwoerd ++black and white video++

5. Various of South African President Hendrik Verwoerd

AP TELEVISION

Soweto, South Africa - 1976 (some with commentary)

++4:3++

6. Aerial of smoke rising above Soweto township during street violence

7. Various of Soweto riots with man being shot at

8. Soweto building on fire

9. Various of troops in street

10. Various of soldiers climbing on roof of building and detaining demonstrators

11. Youth throwing brick at car travelling on highway

AP TELEVISION

South Africa, 1977

++4:3++

+BLACK AND WHITE VIDEO++

12. Various of funeral of Activist Stephen Biko

AP TELEVISION - AP CLIENTS ONLY

Location Unknown - November 1980

++4:3++

13. Oliver Tambo, ANC leader in exile, accepts award for international understanding on behalf on Nelson Mandela

14. Cutaway

15. SOUNDBITE (English) Oliver Tambo, ANC leader in exile:

"Nelson Mandela therefore accepts the award with full awareness of its historic message. He accepts it as a supreme challenge to him personally and to the leadership of the ANC and the people of South Africa."

AP TELEVISION

Pretoria, South Africa - May, 1983

++4:3++

16. Various of aftermath of ANC car bomb

AP TELEVISION

South Africa - July 1983

++4:3++

17. SOUNDBITE (English) Winnie Mandela, Nelson Mandela's former wife:

"I know and the people of this country know that Mandela will lead this country to freedom."

AP TELEVISION - AP CLIENTS ONLY

Cape Town, South Africa - 8 August 1985

++4:3++

18. Various of police charging against demonstrators during march on Pollsmoor Prison

AP TELEVISION

South Africa - July 1985

++4:3++

19. Various security forces firing in townships, man hit, people taking cover

20. Wide of President P.W. Botha

21. SOUNDBITE (English), P.W. Botha, former president of South Africa:

"This state of affairs can no longer be tolerated."

AP TELEVISION

South Africa - 1985

++4:3++

22. SOUNDBITE (English) Zinzi Mandela, Nelson Mandela's daughter:

++READING HER FATHER'S RESPONSE TO PRESIDENT BOTHA CONDITIONAL OFFER OF RELEASE+

++Includes Cutaway Archbishop Desmond Tutu listening++

"But, I cannot sell my birthright, nor I am prepared to sell the birthright of the people to be free. I cannot and will not give any undertaking at a time when I and you, the people, are not free. Your freedom and mine cannot be separated. (interrupted by applause of the audience) I will return."

AP TELEVISION

Cape Town, South Africa - 1986

++4:3++

23. Video believed to show Mandela inside Medipark Clinic

AP TELEVISION

London, UK - 17 August 1988

++4:3++

24. Various of anti-apartheid march in Hyde Park

25. Archbishop Desmond Tutu and UK President of Anti-Apartheid Movement Reverend Trevor Huddleston embracing on stage

26. SOUNDBITE: (English) Archbishop Desmond Tutu:

"South Africa needs Nelson Mandela. The world needs Nelson Mandela."

AP TELEVISION

Johannesburg, South Africa - 10 February 1990

++4:3++

27. Reverend Jesse Jackson and Allan Boesak dancing leading the crowds after Mandela's release is announced

AP TELEVISION

Paarl, South Africa - 11 February 1990

++4:3++

28. Wide shot entrance to Victor Verster Prison with people waiting

29. Wide shot cars leaving prison

30. Mandela raises clenched fist as he walks with Winnie Madikizela-Mandela

AP TELEVISION

Cape Town, South Africa - 11 February 1990

++4:3++

31. Various of Mandela on balcony with supporters, Walter Sisulu chants to crowd, and introduces Mandela to crowd

32. Mandela chants to crowd UPSOUND: "Amandtha, Amandtha, Africa..."

33. Crowd cheering

34. SOUNDBITE: (English) Nelson Mandela:

"Comrades and fellow South Africans I greet you all in the name of peace, democracy and freedom for all. I stand here before you not as a prophet, but as a humble servant of you, the people. Your tireless and heroic sacrifices have made it possible for me to be here today. "

35. Crowd cheering

STORYLINE:

Reaction from Germany head coach Joachim Low and DFB (German Football Association) President Reinhard Grindel after the country was chosen as hosts of Euro 2024 ahead of Turkey at the UEFA's headquarters in Nyon, Switzerland on Thursday (27th September).

SCRIPTING INFORMATION:

Germany won the right to host football's 2024 European Championship on Thursday, beating Turkey following a politically charged campaign.

Germany, which hosted the 2006 World Cup, was the long-time favourite and won the UEFA executive committee vote 12-4. There was one abstention.

Three months after FIFA members picked a North American bid over Morocco to host the 2026 World Cup, UEFA also opted for a more proven and profitable option.

Unlike FIFA, UEFA does not publish who the voters picked.

Turkey is now a four-time losing candidate after failed bids to host Euro 2008, 2012 and 2016.

This was the first time UEFA built human rights assessments into the process.

UEFA relies on its signature national-team competition to help fund 55 member federations.

Revenue from the first 24-team Euro, hosted in 2016 by France, was almost 2 billion euros ($2.35 billion).

UEFA  received 850 million euros ($1 billion) in profit.

Germany should have about 400,000 more tickets to sell than the Euro 2016 organisers - they also had 300,000 more seats than Turkey's bid.

The UEFA voters were given confidential revenue projections for each candidate's plan.

Germany plan to use 10 stadiums for the 51-game tournament and play the final in Berlin or Munich.

Turkey proposed its strongest, government-backed bid yet with eight of 10 stadiums already completed and owned by the sports ministry.

Yet it was likely to struggle in the first UEFA hosting vote with a human rights assessment.

The government of President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has become increasingly authoritarian and a UEFA report into the candidates published last week noted Turkey's lack of a tournament plan to address human rights.

A currency crisis in Turkey has also seen the lira lose almost half its value against UEFA's working currency, the Euro, in the past year.

Germany will look to recapture the positive feeling of its month-long 2006 World Cup, which became known as the nation's "Summer Fairytale."

A well-liked and underrated national team helped Germans express a fresh pride in their national identity and symbols more than a decade after reunification with East Germany.

Europe's signature competition was hosted in 1988 by West Germany, one year before the Berlin Wall came down.

The election victory on Thursday is a welcome revival for the German football federation and its leader after four months of turmoil.

The federation and fans have had troubled relations with national team players Mesut Ozil and Ilkay Gundogan, whose roots are Turkish, before and after a poor showing at the World Cup as defending champions in Russia.

The issue flared after the players posed for photos with Erdogan in London in May - Ozil then became a scapegoat for the team's early World Cup exit.

Bid officials from Turkey quickly left UEFA headquarters and avoided international media.

Their compensation is that the same UEFA voting panel in May decided the 2020 Champions League final will be played at the Ataturk Olympic Stadium in Istanbul.

House of European Football, Nyon, Switzerland. 27th September, 2018.

1. 00:00 UEFA headquarters

2. 00:06 UEFA Champions League and European Championship trophies

3. 00:12 UEFA President Aleksander Ceferin arrives for Euro 2024 host country draw

4. 00:17 Germany head coach Joachim Low arrives for Euro 2024 host country draw

5. 00:24 SOUNDBITE (English): Joachim Low, Germany head coach:

(About why Germany's bid to host Euro 2024 was successful)

"Of course, yesterday and today (Wednesday and Thursday), we were really excited for this decision. Now, at the moment, we are very happy because I think we did everything over the last few months and years to get this chance to host this tournament - (Euro) 2024. So we are happy and we will do everything to have a good tournament. We saw in 2006 (World Cup), in Germany, the people were so emotional. All the world came together and it was really a big party. We will do our best to feel the same in six years."

6. 01:12 Germany delegates, including Oliver Bierhoff and Celia Sasic, arrive for Euro 2024 host country draw

7. 01:26 Reinhard Grindel arrives for Euro 2024 host country draw

8. 01:32 SOUNDBITE (English): Reinhard Grindel, DFB President:

(About why Germany's bid to host Euro 2024 was successful)

"I think that we had a very good bid book with a clear concept for the world of football, to share with other FA's (Football Associations) our experience, which we get in the following months and years and to also be the country at the heart of Europe where you can celebrate football without being anxious, where you can live the values of football also for every human being."

9. 02:06 Franz Beckenbauer, Joachim Low and Germany delegates enter Euro 2024 host country draw hall

10. 02:22 SOUNDBITE (English): Joachim Low, Germany head coach:

(About the importance of Germany hosting Euro 2024 and whether he will still be in charge of the national team at that time)

"I think for the whole federation and for our country, it's important. It's the next step in the future, for the future and, of course, it will be a great motivation for our young players, for the youth, for the kids, because they see six years later on that their will be a (home) tournament, so this is a big motivation. For my work, at the moment, nothing will change now because in the next few weeks, we have two important games. We were too disappointed in the summer (at the World Cup), of course, but our way in the last 10 years, was very good. We will continue and we have the confidence and everything. So yeah, we will see. At the moment, I am happy that, in six years, there will be a tournament in our country. But we have to look, for me as a coach, at the next month and the next European Championship (in 2020)."

Q: Can you see yourself there in Euro 2024 leading the team?

"I don't know. As a coach, you can't plan for six years. But I would love to be involved in whatever capacity. But, as a coach, I don't know at the moment."

11. 03:40 European Championship trophy

12. 03:46 SOUNDBITE (German): Reinhard Grindel, DFB President:

"I sense a great trust from my colleagues here in the UEFA ExCo (Executive Committee). We already heard that we won with a clear majority of 12 votes to 4. That shows a trust in the power of our organisation. That shows that our bid had a great appeal. So I must say a big 'thank you' to my colleagues at the DFB (German Football Association) who have been meticulously working on this over a long time. We also must thank the Bundesliga who have made sure their stadiums are in such a good condition. That also contributed to our success today."

13. 04:24 SOUNDBITE (German): Reinhard Grindel, DFB President:

(On the importance of a clean bid after the corruption allegations around the successful German bid for the 2006 World Cup)

"That's always alluded to with the so-called '"Summer Fairytale" (the nickname for Germany 2006). It's a massive compliment for UEFA and shows how good UEFA is set up that that we have received such a big support in the UEFA ExCo with a concept based on facts, sustainability, transparency and good arguments. It's also a victory for our new integrity. That's very important for us at the DFB, that's what I'm responsible for and we have achieved that."

14. 05:08 SOUNDBITE (German): Reinhard Grindel, DFB President:

"I battled, not for me, but for the DFB. For the big goal of being successful in our bid for Euro 2024. After the World Cup it's been the motivation driving our colleagues, members and fans that we have, most importantly, a good perspective. On the one hand to develop a nice story around Euro 2024 but also with the Bundesliga and the DFB to working together to produce a team which is absolutely ready to play a European Championships on home soil. But further than that, it will give a boost to grassroots football, which I am always particularly interested in. So that's why I am really looking forward to the task ahead of us."

15. 05:52 Joachim Low talking to reporters in mixed zone

16. 05:59 SOUNDBITE (German): Joachim Low, Germany head coach:

"This has got nothing to do with my progress or the progress of the team. We must concentrate on what's coming up over the next few weeks. No question that we had a bad World Cup but I think we had a good start at the DFB (winning the 2014 World Cup and 2017 Confederations Cup). Within our ranks over the last few weeks and months there's been a total focus on what this bid means for us. I know that we have done everything we possibly can in the build-up to this to win this tournament and it's a good step forward for the next few years."

17. 06:39 SOUNDBITE (German): Joachim Low, Germany head coach:

(Will he still be the German national team manager in 2024?)

"Everyone who is responsible for this in our organization can now start planning for it. But that doesn't concern me as coach because my position here is totally dependent on the success I have over the next months or at the next tournament. It's difficult as a coach to look so far ahead."

18. 07:01 Joachim Low leaves UEFA headquarters

19. 07:08 Reinhard Grindel leaves UEFA headquarters

20. 07:23 Various of Turkish delegates leaving UEFA headquarters

SOURCE: SNTV

DURATION: 07:34

Universal Newsreel 1965

02:10 Radical Plane Tested

What may prove to be the most versatile airplane ever designed goes aloft at Fort Worth for the first test of its folding wings. The F-11 has wings that are set at a conventional angle at takeoff and landing. While in high altitude flight the pilot sweeps them back nd the plane can zoom at three times the speed of sound.

03:17 San Francisco Houses Collapse

A group of houses of San francisco's Telegraph Hill literally sit on the brink of disaster for days. Then undermined by an excavation for a new building and heavy rains, they slide into the street and crumble into ruins. No lives are lost, but one of the buildings was evacuated only the night before it was totally destroyed.

04:21 Spring Hats For Milady

Models display the latest styles in hats.

05:37 Jockey Beats Death In Racetrack Accident

National riding champion Walter Blum is hospitalized but recuperationg after his horse broke a leg during a race at Santa Anita and a following horse crashed into him. Blum tells the harrowing story against a pictorial record of the race.

06:47 Queen Elizabeth Receives Ethiopian Ovation

The ancient Ethiopian capital of Addis Ababa welcomes Queen Elizabeth as the British monarch is greeted by "the Lion of Judah", Emperor Haile Selassie - the first formal visit there by any British ruler.

08:22 Return From Vietnam; War Escalating

The first group of Americans wounded in guerilla raids on the Vietnam front arrives back in the United States. Even as they land in the U.S. new Vietcong bombing attacks take more American lives. Also returning are the first of 1.829 dependents evacuated by order of President Johnson.

09:38 First Job Corps Centre Opens

One phase of President Johnson's anti-poverty program gets underway at Thurmont, Maryland, as the first of 25.000 Job Corps trainees arrive in camp. During their year's stay they will learn new skills and spend some time on conservation programs.

10:40 New Multi-purpose Aircraft

The airplane that man has dreamed about for many decades has become a reality. The XC-142-A can take off and land almost vertically and achieve a speed of 400 m.p.h. in flight. Its military and civilian uses are limitless.

11:32 First Domed Sports Stadium

In Houston, Texas a new concept is introduced to the United States, the "Astrodome". Completely enclosed by a dome 20 stories in height, the stadium is air conditioned throughout and unaffected by weather conditions. It will be used first by the Houston Astros baseball team and later for football and other events.

12:35 Civil Rights Freedom March

The long anticipated 54-mile Freedom March from Selma to Alabama's capital of Montgomery finally gets under way led by Rev. Martin Luther King. Twice before the marchers had been turned back by State troops. Now they march under a Federal Court Order and with the protection of federalized National Guard units and regular troops. No incidents of consequence occur during the early stages of the non-violent protest march which hopes to gather additional supporters along the way and culminate in presentation of a petition to Governor Wallace at the state capital.

14:09 A White Spring

It appears that Spring will be a little late this year, as untimely snows blanket much of the U.S. and Spring fashions in the shop windows fail to attract shoppers.

14:50 UCLA Wins Second Straight Title

The NCAA playoffs at Portland, Oregon see top-ranked Michigan toppled by UCLA, 91-80.

16:05 US Policy

The President projects America's policy on Vietnam in a speech at John Hopkins University. Mr. Johnson says that United States is ready to begin, without conditions, diplomatic discussions to end the war in Vietnam. He states that the United States is ready to start a billion dollar investment to bring economic independence to Southeast Asia, including North Vietnam.

17:31 Red Harassment In West Berlin

For the first time since the Red blockade of West Berlin in 1948, access routes to the city are shut down by the Communists. The Soviets try to block a meeting of the West German Parliament, but the meeting goes on as Red fighters buzz the meeting hall in violation of dozens of air safety regulations.

18:30 Oscar Night In Hollywood

Academy award go to "My Fair Lady" and its star Rex Harrison - Best Picture and Best Actor. Best Actress is bestowed on Julie Andrews for her role in Disney's "Mary Poppins" - a part she accepted after being by-passed for the movie version lead in "My Fair Lady" in which she created the original Liza Doolittle on the stage...and made theatrical history.

19:44 US Honours Astronauts

The "Gemini Twins" - newly nominated Lieutenant Colonels Jim McDivitt and space-walker Ed White - are guests at the White House as they receive Exceptional Service Medals of the Space Agency from President Johnson. Gemini program manager Charles W. Matthews also receives the Service Medal from the President.

20:37 Ben Bella Deposed In Algeria

Overnight, there's a new strongman in Algeria. Colonel Houari Boumedienne, President Ben Bella's right hand, turned against his friend and boss in a pre-dawn coup and assumed power - a surprise move since Boumedienne has been a long-time supporter of Ben Bella.

21:49 "The Art Of Love" Has Premiere

Ethel Merman takes part in a parade through the heart of Chicago to herald the world premiere of Ross Hunter's new picture, "The Art of Love".

22:32 Gary Player Takes Open

The U.S. Golf Open goes into overtime as Gary Player battles Ken Nagle in a playoff round. Five strokes ahead on the 8th hole, Player breezes in. He announces he is donating his purse to cancer research and for the development of junior golfers.

23:34 American Driver Wins At Le Mans

American-born Masten Gregory of Kansas City - copilot in an Italian Ferrari, wins the french race with Jochen Rindt of Austria. The 24-hour drive covers almost 3,000 miles.

25:13 More Troops Arrive In Vietnam

Members of the famed 101st Airborne Division arrive at Camranh Bay to reinforce United States forces in South Vietnam. The 3.900 paratroopers bring to 79.000 the number of American servicement now in South Vietnam, and that number will soon be increased.

26:40 Medicare Bill Signed

President Harry S. Truman is present at ceremonies that see the Medicare Bill signed into law by President Johnson. The former President campaigned for Medicare 20 years ago.

27:40 Mariner IV Photos Of Mars

Tracking stations are the cogs that made the Mariner IV flight a success. Like this one in Spain, they receive information from the satellite's tape recorder that is translated into remarkable space pictures of Mars.

29:47 Gymnasts From 40 Nations In Giant Meet

In Vienna they call it a gymnaestrada...but by any name it's a spectacular event. Beneath the national flags the gymnasts compete - not for prizes, but for the fun of it, showing their skills at everything from the trampoline to aestetic dances.

31:10 Riots In Watts Section Of Los Angeles Create Destruction

A sorrowful page is written in American history as six days of rioting in a Negro section of Los Angeles leave behind scenes reminiscent of war-torn cities. Fire damage alone is estimated at $200 million. Fire-men had to be issued flak suits to protect them from sniper's bullets as they fought fires. No attempt has yet been made to arrive at the losses suffered at the hands of lootes who stole everything from liquor to babies' play pens. As the National Guard moved in, 14.000 strong, approximately 3.000 arrests were made. Civil Rights leaders have issued statements deploring the lawlessness. An uneasy calm now prevails in the devastated area as 1.000 Guards remain on patrol and curfew has been imposed.

33:47 Marr Wins P.G.A Title

Dave Marr, who placed 65th (last) in 1964 comes back to win the 1965 tournament, beating out golf greats Sam Snead, Arnold Palmer, Jack Nicklaus and more.

35:36 New Miss America

"Miss Kansas" - Pre-Med student Deborah Bryant - is chosen over 49 other contestants

37:26 Spain And Australia Win US Tennis Titles

Manuel Santana becomes the first player from Spain ever to win the US Championship and Australia's Margaret Smith beats Billie Jean Moffitt of the United States to add the American title to her Wimbledon crown

39:25 The War In Vietnam

"Operation Piranha," one of the largest operations yet attempted by the US in Vietnam is shown in graphic detail. An amphibious task group of the United States 7th fleet sends an assault force of marines ashore to trap Vietcong troops on the Bantagan Peninsula where South Vietnamese troops have blocked all exits. It is the beginning of a week-long operation which sees some of the fiercest hand-to-hand engagements of the war in which over 200 Vietcong are wiped out, but again proves the difficulty of jungle fighting.

41:11 World Series Opening Day

Vice President Hubert Humphrey tosses out the first ball and the Minnesota Twins hitters send L.A.Dodgers ace Don Drysdale to the showers as they win the opening game 8-2 (Minnesota takes second game 5-1, but loses Series to Dodgers)

43:30 Berlin Escape

At a cemetery on the East-West Berlin border, an East Berliner's friends in the West raise a ladder to the wall and he climbs it up and over to freedom and his fiancee in West Berlin - one of a growing number of East Berliners who are making daring escapes despite vigilant border guards

44:32 A Fashion Display

At the Museum of Modern Art in Paris, models show fashions inspired by art.

45:50 Air Force Guns Down Army

The Air Force Falcons score their first victory over another Service Academy as they beat the Army football squad, 14-3.

47:30 The Big Blackout

They said it couldn't happen....but it does. The elaborate power grid supplying the Northeast United States and Canada fails. And 25 million people in an 80,000 square mile area are affected. In New York City the scene is particularly dramatic when all the bright lights of Manhattan go out. There are colossal traffic jams - nearly a million commuters are trapped in stalled subways - stranded people unable to get home sleep in hotel lobbies. But the citizens adapt to the situation somehow, and there will be many stories exchanged on "Where were you in the big blackout of 1965?"

No time code on tape

Universal Newsreel 1965

02:10 Radical Plane Tested

What may prove to be the most versatile airplane ever designed goes aloft at Fort Worth for the first test of its folding wings. The F-11 has wings that are set at a conventional angle at takeoff and landing. While in high altitude flight the pilot sweeps them back nd the plane can zoom at three times the speed of sound.

03:17 San Francisco Houses Collapse

A group of houses of San francisco's Telegraph Hill literally sit on the brink of disaster for days. Then undermined by an excavation for a new building and heavy rains, they slide into the street and crumble into ruins. No lives are lost, but one of the buildings was evacuated only the night before it was totally destroyed.

04:21 Spring Hats For Milady

Models display the latest styles in hats.

05:37 Jockey Beats Death In Racetrack Accident

National riding champion Walter Blum is hospitalized but recuperationg after his horse broke a leg during a race at Santa Anita and a following horse crashed into him. Blum tells the harrowing story against a pictorial record of the race.

06:47 Queen Elizabeth Receives Ethiopian Ovation

The ancient Ethiopian capital of Addis Ababa welcomes Queen Elizabeth as the British monarch is greeted by "the Lion of Judah", Emperor Haile Selassie - the first formal visit there by any British ruler.

08:22 Return From Vietnam; War Escalating

The first group of Americans wounded in guerilla raids on the Vietnam front arrives back in the United States. Even as they land in the U.S. new Vietcong bombing attacks take more American lives. Also returning are the first of 1.829 dependents evacuated by order of President Johnson.

09:38 First Job Corps Centre Opens

One phase of President Johnson's anti-poverty program gets underway at Thurmont, Maryland, as the first of 25.000 Job Corps trainees arrive in camp. During their year's stay they will learn new skills and spend some time on conservation programs.

10:40 New Multi-purpose Aircraft

The airplane that man has dreamed about for many decades has become a reality. The XC-142-A can take off and land almost vertically and achieve a speed of 400 m.p.h. in flight. Its military and civilian uses are limitless.

11:32 First Domed Sports Stadium

In Houston, Texas a new concept is introduced to the United States, the "Astrodome". Completely enclosed by a dome 20 stories in height, the stadium is air conditioned throughout and unaffected by weather conditions. It will be used first by the Houston Astros baseball team and later for football and other events.

12:35 Civil Rights Freedom March

The long anticipated 54-mile Freedom March from Selma to Alabama's capital of Montgomery finally gets under way led by Rev. Martin Luther King. Twice before the marchers had been turned back by State troops. Now they march under a Federal Court Order and with the protection of federalized National Guard units and regular troops. No incidents of consequence occur during the early stages of the non-violent protest march which hopes to gather additional supporters along the way and culminate in presentation of a petition to Governor Wallace at the state capital.

14:09 A White Spring

It appears that Spring will be a little late this year, as untimely snows blanket much of the U.S. and Spring fashions in the shop windows fail to attract shoppers.

14:50 UCLA Wins Second Straight Title

The NCAA playoffs at Portland, Oregon see top-ranked Michigan toppled by UCLA, 91-80.

16:05 US Policy

The President projects America's policy on Vietnam in a speech at John Hopkins University. Mr. Johnson says that United States is ready to begin, without conditions, diplomatic discussions to end the war in Vietnam. He states that the United States is ready to start a billion dollar investment to bring economic independence to Southeast Asia, including North Vietnam.

17:31 Red Harassment In West Berlin

For the first time since the Red blockade of West Berlin in 1948, access routes to the city are shut down by the Communists. The Soviets try to block a meeting of the West German Parliament, but the meeting goes on as Red fighters buzz the meeting hall in violation of dozens of air safety regulations.

18:30 Oscar Night In Hollywood

Academy award go to "My Fair Lady" and its star Rex Harrison - Best Picture and Best Actor. Best Actress is bestowed on Julie Andrews for her role in Disney's "Mary Poppins" - a part she accepted after being by-passed for the movie version lead in "My Fair Lady" in which she created the original Liza Doolittle on the stage...and made theatrical history.

19:44 US Honours Astronauts

The "Gemini Twins" - newly nominated Lieutenant Colonels Jim McDivitt and space-walker Ed White - are guests at the White House as they receive Exceptional Service Medals of the Space Agency from President Johnson. Gemini program manager Charles W. Matthews also receives the Service Medal from the President.

20:37 Ben Bella Deposed In Algeria

Overnight, there's a new strongman in Algeria. Colonel Houari Boumedienne, President Ben Bella's right hand, turned against his friend and boss in a pre-dawn coup and assumed power - a surprise move since Boumedienne has been a long-time supporter of Ben Bella.

21:49 "The Art Of Love" Has Premiere

Ethel Merman takes part in a parade through the heart of Chicago to herald the world premiere of Ross Hunter's new picture, "The Art of Love".

22:32 Gary Player Takes Open

The U.S. Golf Open goes into overtime as Gary Player battles Ken Nagle in a playoff round. Five strokes ahead on the 8th hole, Player breezes in. He announces he is donating his purse to cancer research and for the development of junior golfers.

23:34 American Driver Wins At Le Mans

American-born Masten Gregory of Kansas City - copilot in an Italian Ferrari, wins the french race with Jochen Rindt of Austria. The 24-hour drive covers almost 3,000 miles.

25:13 More Troops Arrive In Vietnam

Members of the famed 101st Airborne Division arrive at Camranh Bay to reinforce United States forces in South Vietnam. The 3.900 paratroopers bring to 79.000 the number of American servicement now in South Vietnam, and that number will soon be increased.

26:40 Medicare Bill Signed

President Harry S. Truman is present at ceremonies that see the Medicare Bill signed into law by President Johnson. The former President campaigned for Medicare 20 years ago.

27:40 Mariner IV Photos Of Mars

Tracking stations are the cogs that made the Mariner IV flight a success. Like this one in Spain, they receive information from the satellite's tape recorder that is translated into remarkable space pictures of Mars.

29:47 Gymnasts From 40 Nations In Giant Meet

In Vienna they call it a gymnaestrada...but by any name it's a spectacular event. Beneath the national flags the gymnasts compete - not for prizes, but for the fun of it, showing their skills at everything from the trampoline to aestetic dances.

31:10 Riots In Watts Section Of Los Angeles Create Destruction

A sorrowful page is written in American history as six days of rioting in a Negro section of Los Angeles leave behind scenes reminiscent of war-torn cities. Fire damage alone is estimated at $200 million. Fire-men had to be issued flak suits to protect them from sniper's bullets as they fought fires. No attempt has yet been made to arrive at the losses suffered at the hands of lootes who stole everything from liquor to babies' play pens. As the National Guard moved in, 14.000 strong, approximately 3.000 arrests were made. Civil Rights leaders have issued statements deploring the lawlessness. An uneasy calm now prevails in the devastated area as 1.000 Guards remain on patrol and curfew has been imposed.

33:47 Marr Wins P.G.A Title

Dave Marr, who placed 65th (last) in 1964 comes back to win the 1965 tournament, beating out golf greats Sam Snead, Arnold Palmer, Jack Nicklaus and more.

35:36 New Miss America

"Miss Kansas" - Pre-Med student Deborah Bryant - is chosen over 49 other contestants

37:26 Spain And Australia Win US Tennis Titles

Manuel Santana becomes the first player from Spain ever to win the US Championship and Australia's Margaret Smith beats Billie Jean Moffitt of the United States to add the American title to her Wimbledon crown

39:25 The War In Vietnam

"Operation Piranha," one of the largest operations yet attempted by the US in Vietnam is shown in graphic detail. An amphibious task group of the United States 7th fleet sends an assault force of marines ashore to trap Vietcong troops on the Bantagan Peninsula where South Vietnamese troops have blocked all exits. It is the beginning of a week-long operation which sees some of the fiercest hand-to-hand engagements of the war in which over 200 Vietcong are wiped out, but again proves the difficulty of jungle fighting.

41:11 World Series Opening Day

Vice President Hubert Humphrey tosses out the first ball and the Minnesota Twins hitters send L.A.Dodgers ace Don Drysdale to the showers as they win the opening game 8-2 (Minnesota takes second game 5-1, but loses Series to Dodgers)

43:30 Berlin Escape

At a cemetery on the East-West Berlin border, an East Berliner's friends in the West raise a ladder to the wall and he climbs it up and over to freedom and his fiancee in West Berlin - one of a growing number of East Berliners who are making daring escapes despite vigilant border guards

44:32 A Fashion Display

At the Museum of Modern Art in Paris, models show fashions inspired by art.

45:50 Air Force Guns Down Army

The Air Force Falcons score their first victory over another Service Academy as they beat the Army football squad, 14-3.

47:30 The Big Blackout

They said it couldn't happen....but it does. The elaborate power grid supplying the Northeast United States and Canada fails. And 25 million people in an 80,000 square mile area are affected. In New York City the scene is particularly dramatic when all the bright lights of Manhattan go out. There are colossal traffic jams - nearly a million commuters are trapped in stalled subways - stranded people unable to get home sleep in hotel lobbies. But the citizens adapt to the situation somehow, and there will be many stories exchanged on "Where were you in the big blackout of 1965?"

SHOTLIST

AP Archive Instant Library - World News Review 2007

Tape Number: WNR/IL 2007

Sound: Nat Sot

Duration: 80 minutes 48 seconds

IRAQ

10:00:13

In January President Bush acknowledged for the first time that he had made a mistake by not ordering a military build-up in Iraq in 2006 and said he was increasing U.S. troops by 21,500 to quell the country's near-anarchy. "Where mistakes have been made, the responsibility rests with me," Bush said. The build-up puts Bush on a collision course with the new Democratic Congress and pushes the American troop presence in Iraq towards its highest level yet. It also runs counter to widespread anti-war passions among Americans and the advice of some top generals. In addition to extra U.S. forces, the plan envisions Iraq's committing 10,000 to 12,000 more troops to secure Baghdad's neighbourhoods.

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POOL

Washington DC - 10 Jan 2007

SOUNDBITE: (English) George W. Bush, US President:

"The situation in Iraq is unacceptable to the American people, and it is unacceptable to me. Our troops in Iraq have fought bravely. They have done everything we have asked them to do."

SOUNDBITE: (English) George W. Bush, US President:

"...our commanders say the Iraqis will need our help. So America will change our strategy to help the Iraqis carry out their campaign to put down sectarian violence and bring security to the people of Baghdad. This will require increasing American force levels. So I have committed more than 20,000 additional American troops to Iraq."

10:00:54

In January two of Saddam Hussein's co-defendants, the half-brother of Saddam Hussein, former intelligence chief Barzan Ibrahim and Awad Hamed al-Bandar, the former chief justice of the Revolutionary Court, were executed. Both were previously convicted and sentenced to hang on November 5th 2006 but the verdict was upheld by the appellate court on December 26th. The two men were sentenced to death alongside Saddam Hussein for the killing of 148 Sunni Muslims from the town of Dujail after a failed 1982 assassination attempt against Saddam in the northern city.

Barzan Ibrahim, one of three half-brothers of Saddam Hussein, was formerly head of the Iraqi secret service, the Mukhabarat, and was also Iraq's former representative to the United Nations until 1998. Awad Hamed al-Bandar presided over the Revolutionary Court's death sentencing after the attempt on Saddam's life in Dujail.

508468

AP/POOL

Baghdad - FILE

FILE: Baghdad, Iraq - 2006

1. Wide of defendants in dock

2. Close up of Barzan Ibrahim, Saddam's half brother and former chief of intelligence, rising to his feet

3. Awad Hamed al-Bandar, former head of Iraq's Revolutionary Court

4. Wide shot of defendants in the dock

10:01:15

In February a suicide truck bomber obliterated a Baghdad market in a mainly Shiite area, killing at least 132 people in the deadliest single suicide bomb strike in the capital since the US invasion in 2003. Suspicion fell on Sunni insurgents.

An explosive laden truck carrying a ton (0.9 metric tons) of ammunition hidden beneath cooking oil, canned food and bags of flour, levelled about 30 shops and 40 houses, witnesses said. The blast shaved the walls off nearby buildings, sending bricks, desks and other debris spilling onto Kifah Street, where the Sadriyah market was located. As people gathered around the scene of the blast, police fired into the air to disperse crowds fearing further attacks. The Health Ministry said more than 300 people were injured in the explosion that sent a column of smoke into the sky on the east bank of the Tigris River.

511800

AP TELEVISION

Baghdad - 4 Feb 2007

al-Sadriyah Neighbourhood

1. Various of bomb site, people gathered among rubble and wreckage

10:01:37

message traffic and provides counter-terrorism intelligence services for the American government. Al-Furqan is the media production house of the Islamic State of Iraq, an umbrella organisation for Sunni insurgency groups in Iraq including al-Qaeda.

Graphics overlaid onto the video footage claimed the attack took place in Iraq's Anbar province. No other details were provided.

The video depicted a man crawling under a stationary US armoured vehicle twice, each time to allegedly place explosives under the vehicle. At one point, graphics overlaid on to the video claim to indicate, with a red circle, US soldiers nearby completely unaware of the man's presence as he crawls away. Shortly afterwards the explosives are detonated destroying the vehicle.

516349

IntelCenter

Unknown Location, Unknown Date

++AP TELEVISION HAS NO WAY OF INDEPENDENTLY VERIFYING THE CONTENT, LOCATION OR DATE OF THIS AUDIO AND VIDEO++

++THIS VIDEO WAS MADE AVAILABLE TO AP TELEVISION BY INTELCENTER, A FIRM BASED IN ALEXANDRIA, IN THE US STATE OF VIRGINIA, THAT PROVIDES COUNTER-TERRORISM INTELLIGENCE SERVICES TO THE US GOVERNMENT

++PERMISSION IS GRANTED FOR USE IN PRINT, BROADCAST AND INTERNET MEDIA AS LONG AS THE INTELCENTER BUG REMAINS UNOBSCURED AND THE VIDEO IS CREDITED TO INTELCENTER ++

++AUDIO AS INCOMING++

++AUDIO INCLUDES SONGS AND ALSO SPEAKERS NOT RELATED TO THE VIDEO++

1. Man picks up more explosives and crawls back under tank - zoom out to wide shot - red circle graphic overlaid on to video claims to indicate nearby US soldiers - zoom in as man crawls away from vehicle.

2. Wide of vehicle explosion ++first seconds replayed three times++

10:02:01

In March Iraq's Sunni Vice-president Tariq al-Hashimi visited victims of a chlorine gas bomb attack at a military hospital inside Baghdad's Green Zone. Al-Hashimi spent a few minutes at the bedsides of several of the patients, many of them children. Some of the patients were on respirators.

In the attack, three suicide bombers drove trucks rigged with tanks of toxic chlorine gas and struck targets in heavily Sunni Anbar province, killing at least two people and sickening 350 Iraqi civilians and six US troops, the US military said. Seven children were among those affected in the attacks.

Chlorine, which irritates the respiratory system, eyes and skin at low exposure and can cause death in heavier concentrations, is easily accessible. It is used for water purification plants, bleaches and disinfectants. The primary effect of the chlorine attacks has been to spread panic. Although chlorine gas can be fatal, the heat from the explosions can render the gas non-toxic. Victims in the recent chlorine blasts died from the explosions, and not the effects of the gas.

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POOL

Baghdad, 19 March 2007

1. Iraqi Vice President Tariq al-Hashimi visiting hospital, talking to a patient on a respirator

2. Mid of patient

3. Al-Hashimi at the bedside of a sick child

4. Close-up of child showing a swollen eye, various tubes attached to face

5. Al-Hashimi standing to next to another ill child lying on stomach in hospital bed

10:02:22

On February 12th Saddam Hussein's former deputy was hanged for the killing of 148 Shiites, an official with the prime minister's office said. Taha Yassin Ramadan, who was Saddam's vice president when the regime was ousted four years ago, was the fourth man executed in the killings of 148 Shiites following a 1982 assassination attempt against the former leader in the city of Dujail.

Ramadan was convicted in November 2006 of murder, forced deportation and torture and sentenced to life in prison. A month later, the appeals court said the sentence was too lenient, and returned his case to the High Tribunal, demanding he be sentenced to death. The court agreed to turn it to a death sentence and an appeals court upheld the death sentence in February

516489

AP TELEVISION

Baghdad - February 12, 2007

1. Various of former Iraqi Vice President Taha Yassin Ramadan in court as judge passes death sentence

10:02:39

A suspected suicide bomber blew himself up in the Iraqi parliament cafeteria on Thursday 12th April, killing at least eight people and wounding dozens in a stunning assault in the heart of the heavily fortified, US-protected Green Zone. The security breach occurred in the third month of a US-Iraqi crackdown on violence in the capital.

State television said at least 30 people were wounded in the attack. The parliament bomber struck the cafeteria while several lawmakers were eating lunch, officials said. After the blast, security guards sealed the building and no one - including lawmakers - was allowed to enter or leave.

No-one claimed responsibility for the attack.

519098

POOL

Baghdad - 12 April 2007

1. Mid shot of parliament in session with members voting

519113

Agency Pool

Baghdad - 12 April 2007

2. Zoom in and out of smoky hallway, men running past UPSOUND: shouting

3. Tracking shot of smoke filled room, men dragging out man on chair

10:03:00

Four large bombs exploded in mostly Shiite areas across Baghdad on Wednesday 18th April, killing at least 183

people and wounding scores as unrelenting violence severely undermined a two-month old US-Iraqi crackdown to secure the capital.

It was the worst single day of violence since the US-led security clampdown in capital began in February.

In the bloodiest of the attacks, a parked car bomb detonated in a crowd of workers at the Sadriyah market in central Baghdad, killing at least 112 people and wounding 115, according to a hospital official. A police official confirmed the toll, speaking on condition of anonymity because he was not authorised to release the information.

Among the dead were several construction workers, who had been rebuilding the mostly Shiite marketplace after a bomb destroyed many shops and killed 137 people there in February, the police official said.

The market is situated on a side street lined with shops and vendors selling produce, meat and other staples.

About an hour earlier, a suicide car bomber crashed into an Iraqi police checkpoint at an entrance to Sadr City, the capital's biggest Shiite Muslim neighbourhood and a stronghold for the militia led by radical anti-US cleric Muqtada al-Sadr.

The explosion killed at least 30 people, including five Iraqi security officers, and wounded 45, police said.

Earlier, a parked car exploded near a private hospital in the central neighbourhood of Karradah, killing 11 people and wounding 13, police said.

The blast damaged the Abdul-Majid hospital and other nearby buildings.

The fourth explosion was from a bomb left on a minibus in the north-western Risafi area, killing four people and wounding six others, police said.

519721

AP TELEVISION

Baghdad - 18 April 2007

SADRIYAH - AT LEAST 112 KILLED

1. Thick plumes of smoke rising from scene of blast

2. Various of people gathered around looking at wreckage from bombings, women grieving on balcony

SADR CITY - AT LEAST 30 KILLED

4. Wide of blast scene with ambulances and smoke rising UPSOUND: siren

5. Crowd attempting to move wrecked car

6. Fire-fighters alongside cars, spraying water

519827

AP TELEVISION

Baghdad - 19 April 2007

Sadriyah - Baghdad

7. Wide pan of burnt out minibuses

10:03:44

It was reported on Tuesday 1st May that the leader of al-Qaeda in Iraq Abu Ayyub al-Masri had reportedly been killed on Monday 20th April in an area north of the capital Baghdad. But Iraqi Deputy Prime Minister, Barham Saleh emphasised the fact that these reports had yet to be been confirmed.

"I insert the word, it is 'preliminary' reports that he was killed probably yesterday in Taji area in a battle involving a couple of insurgents groups, and possibly some tribal people who have been having problems with al-Qaeda,'' he said.

Tribesmen in the western Anbar province have been fighting al-Qaeda for weeks and claim to have killed dozens of them.

However The Islamic State of Iraq - an Iraqi insurgent umbrella group - published a statement on the internet denying that al-Masri had been killed.

The statement, on a website commonly used by insurgents, said al-Masri was alive and "still fighting the enemy of God".

Al-Masri, an Egyptian militant also known as Abu Hamza al-Muhajer, took over leadership of the group and was endorsed by Osama bin Laden after Abu Musab al-Zarqawi was killed last June in a US air-strike in Diyala province.

521128

AP PHOTO/AP TELEVISION

Baghdad - 1 May 2007/File

AP PHOTO: (made available by US military)

1. STILL of Abu Ayyub al-Masri who is purportedly the man claiming to be leader of al-Qaeda in Iraq and is apparently the same person as a man identified by the nom de guerre, Abu Hamza al-Muhajer

++AP TELEVISION HAS NO MEANS OF INDEPENDENTLY VERIFYING THE CONTENT OF THE VIDEO BEING PLAYED TO REPORTERS AT THE NEWS CONFERENCE++

AP Television

FILE: Baghdad - 1 October 2006

2. Zoom in to screen showing a video, purportedly of Abu Ayyub al-Masri, leader of al-Qaeda in Iraq, being shown on screen to reporters when there were reports claiming he had been killed

10:03:54

US-led forces in Iraq conducting a crackdown on al-Qaeda killed a senior member of the insurgent group who was responsible for the high-profile kidnappings of several Westerners, a US military spokesman told journalists on Thursday 3rd May whilst the Iraqi Interior ministry further clouded days of confusion by stating that two different operatives, one of whom the US said it had killed, were in fact the same man.

US Major General William Caldwell said the killing of Muharib Abdul-Latif al-Jubouri, described as al-Qaeda's information minister, had apparently led to confused reports that two other men had been killed - Abu Omar al-Baghdadi, the head of an umbrella group of insurgents which includes al-Qaeda, and Abu Ayyub al-Masri, the head of al-Qaeda in Iraq.

Al-Jubouri was killed while trying to resist detention in an operation about six kilometres (four miles) west of the Taji air base, north of Baghdad, early on Tuesday morning, he said.

Caldwell said the body was initially identified by photos, then confirmed by DNA testing on Wednesday.

Al-Jubouri was alleged to have been deeply involved in the kidnapping of American reporter Jill Carroll, who was released, and Tom Fox, one of four men from the Chicago-based peace group Christian Peacemaker Teams who was found fatally shot in Baghdad on March 10, 2006.

521384

POOL

Baghdad, 3 May 2007/File

1. Zoom into close up of photo of bloated dead body of man Iraqi Interior Ministry claim is Abu Omar al-Baghdadi, at Iraqi Interior Ministry news conference

2. Photo of Muharib Abdul-Latif al-Jubouri, shown at news conference

10:04:04

In June an Iraqi court sentenced Saddam Hussein's cousin, Ali Hassan al-Majid, and two other former regime officials to death by hanging for their roles in a 1980s scorched-earth campaign that led to the deaths of 180-thousand Kurds.

Al-Majid, the former head of the Baath Party's Northern Bureau Command, trembled and stood silently as the judge read the verdict. Al-Majid was better known as "Chemical Ali", a nickname he earned for his alleged use of chemical weapons

The judge, Mohammed Oreibi al-Khalifa, said al-Majid was convicted of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes for ordering army and security services to use chemical weapons in a large-scale offensive that killed or maimed thousands.

Saddam's former defence minister and his armed forces deputy director were also sentenced to hang for their roles in the so-called "Operation Anfal" campaign.

The judge sent former minister Sultan Hashim Ahmad al-Tai to the gallows after ruling that the defendant ordered a large-scale attack against civilians and used chemical weapons and deportation against the Kurds.

The former deputy director of operations for the Iraqi Armed Forces, Hussein Rashid Mohammed, was sentenced to death after he was convicted of drawing up military plans and other allegations against the Kurds.

Two other former regime officials - Farhan Mutlaq Saleh, former head of military intelligence's eastern regional office, and former director of military intelligence under Saddam Hussein and Sabir al-Douri, were sentenced to life in prison.

The judge announced that the charges had been dropped against Taher Tawfiq al-Ani, the former governor of Mosul and head of the Northern Affairs Committee, because of insufficient evidence.

That decision had been expected as the prosecutor had requested that al-Ani be released.

Kurds welcomed the verdicts as their chance to taste vengeance, although the case did not deal with the most notorious gassing - the March 1988 attack on the northern city of Halabja that killed an estimated five thousand Kurds.

A Kurdish resident of Halabja, scene of a notorious chemical attack which claimed the lives of thousands, said he wanted al-Majid and his co-defendants to be executed in the cemetery where many of the victims are buried.

527274

AP TELEVISION/POOL

Baghdad/Halabja - 24 June 2007

1. Wide of Ali Hassan al-Majid, Hussein Rashid Mohammed, Farhan Mutlaq Saleh, Sabir al-Douri, Taher Tawfiq al-Ani and Sultan Hashim Ahmad al-Tai in dock

2. Chief Judge Mohammed Oreibi al-Khalifa

3. Ali Hassan al-Majid

4. Ali Hassan al-Majid (Chemical Ali)

Halabja north of Baghdad

5. Sign reading: ''Welcome to Halabja''

6. Gravestones and monument representing man disfigured due to chemicals

7. Man reciting verses from Holy Quran

10:04:30

Tension was high on the border between Iraq and Turkey in October. Funerals were held on Monday 8th October for 13 Turkish soldiers killed in an ambush in the south-eastern province of Sirnak. After the funeral, at a military compound in Sirnak, the bodies of the soldiers were taken to their hometowns by ambulance and helicopter. Mehmet Gungor, one of the attendees, blamed the PKK, or Kurdistan Workers' Party, for the attack.

On 8th October, the Turkey's government met to discuss what to do next after Turkish troops shelled an area near Iraq to try to stop the rebels from escaping across the border. Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan said that Turkey would take up the issue of fight against the PKK.

Turkey has been pressing Iraq and the United States to hit PKK bases in northern Iraq, and has considered a unilateral military operation across the border to root out the rebels.

539166

AP TELEVISION

Sirnak - 8 Oct 2007

1. Wide of military at gate to Sirnak Military Compound

2. Close-up of photos of the 13 killed soldiers

3. Wide of helicopters taking bodies of soldiers back to their hometowns, zoom-in to one of helicopters, zoom-out to helicopters flying away

10:04:42

Residents of a Kurdish village near the Iraqi-Turkish border said their village and surrounding area was "bombarded by Turkish army artillery" late on the evening of Monday 8th October.

On Tuesday 9th October, a villager from Dera Loc - near the Ibrahim al-Khalil border crossing between Kurdistan and Turkey - pointed out the village which he says "was bombarded by Turkish army artillery.''

Villagers in Dera Loc pointed out craters in the ground which they said were a result of the alleged bombardment.

Turkish officials did confirm that troops had shelled an area, in Turkey, near the Iraqi border to try to stop rebels from escaping across the border following the rebel attack.

539275

AP TELEVISION

Dera loc, Iraq - 9/8 Oct 2007

Dera Loc, Iraq - 9 October 2007

1. Smoke rising from mountains around Dera Loc village

2. Wide of village

3. Various of craters in ground

4. Wide of smoke rising over mountains surrounding village ++MUTE++

5. Wide village ++MUTE++

10:04:56

Turkish soldiers continued patrolling the Iraq border on Friday 12th October, as Turkish prime minister said his country would be ready to pay the price of an Iraq campaign, if it decided to go ahead with a cross-border offensive against Kurdish rebels in northern Iraq.

Turkey accuses Kurdish rebels of crossing back and forth from bases in Iraq, using remote, mountain passes that are difficult to monitor.

In recent months, Turkey has increasingly criticised both the US and Iraq for failing to eliminate the Kurdish rebel bases, and most parties in the 550-seat Turkish assembly were expected to support the motion for an incursion.

Rebels of the Kurdistan Workers Party, or PKK, have been fighting for autonomy in southeast Turkey since 1984 in a conflict that has claimed tens of thousands of lives.

Turkey conducted two dozen large-scale incursions into Iraq between the late 1980s and 1997.

The last such operation, in 1997, involved tens of thousands of troops and government-paid village guards.

539652

AP TELEVISION

Sirnak - 12 Oct 2007

1. Patrol platoon with armoured vehicle and signal jammer truck to avoid remote controlled mine explosions

2. Soldiers searching for mines

3. Close of soldier using binoculars to check mountains for extremists

4. Armoured vehicle driving over camera on road

ISRAEL / PALESTINE

10:05:27

A senior Palestinian security officer allied with Fatah was killed when Hamas militants laid siege to his house in the northern Gaza Strip, Palestinian officials and witnesses said. The officer, Colonel Mohammed Ghayeb, was the chief of the Preventive Security Service in northern Gaza. His killing was expected to trigger revenge attacks by the men under his command. Ghayeb was on the phone to Palestine TV just moments before his death and appealed for help as his house in Beit Lahiya came under attack. The battle outside the house raged for much of the day and killed four of Ghayeb's guards and a Hamas gunman. About three dozen people, including eight children, were also wounded.

508650

AP TELEVISION

Jebaliya, 4 Jan 2007

++NIGHT SHOTS++

1. Ambulance arriving with body of Colonel Mohammed Ghayeb

2. Close up of Ghayeb's face

10:05:36

Palestinian militants allied to President Mahmoud Abbas marched into a Nablus bank on January 28th and snatched a local Hamas leader in front of news crews and startled tellers, as violent confrontation between Abbas' Fatah movement and the radical Islamic Hamas spilled over from the Gaza Strip into the West Bank. A group of about 15 Al-Aqsa gunmen had been roaming the streets of Nablus looking for known Hamas members, and attracting a tail of newsmen as they went, when they stormed into the city's Arab Islamic Bank and spotted Fayyad Al-Arba. Without bothering to mask their faces or stop news cameras recording the scene they hustled the protesting Hamas man out of the building and into a car, which sped away. Abu Jabal, head of Al-Aqsa Brigades in Nablus, said his men had abducted between ten and fifteen people. "Our demand is the resignation of the interior minister (Said Siyam) and the suppression of the executive force in Gaza," he said.

511101

AP TELEVISION

Nablus - 28 Jan 2007

1. Various of Abu Jabal, head of Al-Aqsa Brigades in Nablus in street

2. Gunmen taking Hamas official out of the building plus shots fired

3. Gunmen putting Hamas official in vehicle outside

10:05:56

Palestinian Prime Minister Ismail Haniyeh of Hamas urged gunmen to withdraw from Gaza City's streets in February, after both Hamas and the rival Fatah movement violated a ceasefire deal. Fatah spokesman Abdel Hakim Awad said both sides involved in the factional clashes affecting Gaza were in constant contact to end the violence and preserve an agreed truce. Hamas and Fatah gunmen have clashed at Cabinet ministries, universities and security headquarters in defiance of the truce that it was hoped would calm the seething Gaza Strip. Gunmen set up roadblocks at various points in the city, stopping cars and searching them for rivals.

More than 100 Palestinians have been killed in internal violence since Hamas, which rejects Israel's right to exist, won parliamentary elections a year ago and wrested power from Fatah, which advocates peacemaking with the Jewish state.

511760

AP TELEVISION/ AGENCY COMMON

Gaza City - 3 Feb 2007

1. Armed masked gunmen walking in street, AUDIO: Gunshot

2. Medium shot of Shefa hospital entrance with people sheltering from gunfire

10:06:10

In February Israeli workers began a dig at a centuries-old walkway that leads to a holy site disputed by Muslims and Jews. Palestinians have warned the work just outside the site, known to Muslims as the Noble Sanctuary and to Jews as the Temple Mount, would inflame already high tensions and officials suggested Israel is planning to damage the compound, Islam's third-holiest site.

Palestinians demonstrated outside the Holy Land's most contentious religious site throughout February, protesting against construction work being carried out by Israel on a new ramp up to the hilltop compound. Israeli police stormed the shrine after noon prayers on February 9th, firing stun grenades and tear gas to disperse hundreds of Muslim worshippers who threw stones, bottles and refuse in an eruption of outrage over contentious Israeli renovation work. The clash came after days of mounting tensions over the work and raised concern that protests could spread to the West Bank and Gaza, as they did at the start of the second Palestinian uprising in 2000. About 200 police streamed on to the hilltop compound known to Muslims as the Noble Sanctuary and to Jews as the Temple Mount, to try to quell the violence, police spokesman Micky Rosenfeld said. As many as 300 protesters barricaded themselves inside the Al-Aqsa mosque at the compound. Seventeen protesters and 15 police officers were slightly injured, police said.

511973

Israel - Israel begins contentious renovation near disputed holy site

AP TELEVISION

Jerusalem - 6 Feb 2007

1. Wide of Old City and Al-Aqsa mosque

512246

Israel - Protests continue against Israeli construction at Muslim holy site

AP TELEVISION

Jerusalem, 8 Feb 2007

2. Bulldozer working near site

512371

Israel - Violence at disputed Jerusalem holy site

AP TELEVISION

Jerusalem - 9 Feb 2007

3. Protester being arrested by police

4. Soldiers in positions on wall of Old City AUDIO: gunfire and sirens

512395

Israel - Police, Muslim worshippers clash at disputed Jerusalem holy site

AP TELEVISION

Jerusalem - 9 Feb 2007

5. Muslim worshippers throwing stones inside mosque compound, tear gas being fired

6. Man praying in midst of clashes

7. Policemen firing tear gas at protesters, storming mosque

8. Various of clashes

10:07:19

The new Hamas-Fatah coalition won overwhelming parliament approval on March 17th, clearing a final formal hurdle before taking on the challenge of persuading a sceptical world to end a crippling year-long boycott of the Palestinian government. Speaking after the vote, Palestinian chief negotiator Saeb Erekat, a close ally of President Mahmoud Abbas, said he hoped "everyone in this government, including the Prime Minister will act as the prime minister, minister of all the Palestinians, and not just to serve their interests." After the 83-3 vote was announced, lawmakers jumped up from their seats and clapped. In all, parliament has 132 members, but 41 of them are in Israeli detention.

516315

AP TELEVISION

Gaza City - 17 March 2007

Gaza city, Gaza strip

1. Parliament speaker Ahmad Bahar, Palestinian Prime Minister Ismail Haniyeh and Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas hold hands and wave

2. Various of Parliament members raising hands in favour of government

3. Bahar talks and then hugs and kisses Haniyeh, the two shake hands

10:07:35

Kidnappers freed a Peruvian news photographer held since January 1st, according to officials from the Palestinian Fatah movement. The photographer, Jaime Razuri, worked for the French news agency AFP. The 50-year-old was abducted at gunpoint from a part of central Gaza City where many foreign journalists have offices. There was no immediate word on who the kidnappers were.

508908

AP TELEVISION

Gaza City, 7 Jan 2007

1. Mid of Peruvian photographer Jaime Razuri with Tayeb Abdel Rahim, Abbas aide

2. Close-up of Razuri

10:07:44

In March masked Palestinians kidnapped a BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) reporter at gunpoint from his car in Gaza City, Palestinian security officials said. As he was being taken, the journalist threw a business card on the street that identified him as Alan Johnston of the BBC, the officials said. Four gunmen carried out the kidnapping, and Johnston's car was found abandoned near his Gaza City apartment, security officials said, who asked that their names not be used as they were not authorised to speak to the media. Police found the lease of the rental car, which stated the vehicle was rented to the BBC.

Palestinian journalists later held a sit-in, to call for the release of Johnston.

515774

Gaza - BBC TV reporter kidnapped in Gaza

AP TELEVISION

Gaza city - 12 March 2007

1. Alan Johnston's BBC car in Gaza police station

516305

Gaza - Protesters ask for the release of kidnapped BBC journalist

AP TELEVISION

Gaza City, 17 March 2007

++PLEASE NOTE: VIDEO QUALITY AS INCOMING++

2. Medium of demo outside Shawa building

3. Close up of sign with Alan Johnston's picture on it

10:07:59

In March three masked Palestinian gunmen fired on a vehicle carrying the chief of the U.N. refugee mission in Gaza and tried to kidnap him. The target of the attempt was John Ging, head of the U.N. Relief and Works Agency (UNWRA) in Gaza. He said no one was hurt in the kidnap attempt, in northern Gaza. Ging said he, a driver and a security official were travelling in an armoured vehicle when the gunmen jumped out of a white Subaru and opened fire. He said the men had tried to force the car door open, but the driver managed to speed away, under continued gunfire. The vehicle was clearly marked with the U.N. insignia and a U.N. flag, he said. Eleven bullets pierced the car, Ging added. The incident took place about half a mile (one kilometre) from the Erez passenger crossing into Israel, he said.

No one claimed responsibility

516226

AP TELEVISION

Gaza City - File

FILE: Gaza City - 3 November 2006

1. John Ging, head of the U.N. Relief and Works Agency in Gaza walking into room

10:08:06

Hamas reluctantly brought Fatah into the coalition in March 2007 to quell an earlier round of violence, but the uneasy partnership began crumbling in May over control of the powerful security forces.

The two factions have warred sporadically since Hamas took power from Fatah last year, but never with such intensity.

A militant commander affiliated with Palestinian president Mahmoud Abbas' Fatah movement was shot dead in May, in the most serious attack since Abbas launched a new effort to calm a wave of violence in the Gaza Strip earlier in the month.

Fatah quickly blamed the rival Hamas group, with which it shares power in the Palestinian government, and the dead man's comrades vowed revenge.

.

Hamas fighters launched a fierce offensive on Gaza City in June, attacking the main security bases and the president's compound with mortars and rockets and sending some of the rival Fatah forces fleeing in disarray as the Islamic group appeared close to taking over the entire Gaza Strip. At least 60 died in the June campaign

Khan Younis fell to Hamas when militants detonated a one-ton bomb underneath a security headquarters there, demolishing the building and killing at least one person, Palestinian security and medical officials said.

Security forces later said they lost control of the town.

The building was destroyed by a bomb planted in a tunnel underneath it, said Ali Qaisi, a presidential guard spokesman.

At least one person was killed and eight others were injured, medics said.

A group of boys ran to the local mosque to seek shelter from the crossfire of a fierce gunfire they found themselves caught in. They were trapped inside the mosque for almost an hour.

Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas moved quickly to cement his rule in the West Bank on the 15th of June, as major political fallout from Hamas' military rout of Fatah in Gaza continued.

He replaced the Hamas Prime Minister, Ismail Haniyeh, with Finance Minister Salam Fayyad, an internationally respected economist, and a new moderate government was to be formed later in the day.

A Hamas military victory in Gaza would split Palestinian territory into two, with the Islamic militants controlling the coastal strip and Western-backed Fatah ruling the West Bank, pushing hopes for statehood even further away. Hamas fighters who wrested control of most of the Gaza Strip focused their firepower on 14th June on the battle's top prizes - Fatah's security and political command centres in Gaza City.

526281

AP TELEVISION

Gaza - 14 June 2007

1. Wide of Gaza City skyline at dawn/UPSOUND: gunfire

2. Wide of skyline/ UPSOUND: Gunfire

522497

AP TELEVISION

Gaza City - 13 May 2007

3. Two women crying

4. Male relatives kissing face of militant commander Baha Abu Jarad, of the Al Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades

5. People grieving around body

526224

AP TELEVISION

Khan Younis, southern Gaza Strip, Gaza City's Shojaiyeh District, Gaza Strip, and Gaza City, near the Egyptian Representation Office, Gaza Strip - 13 June 2007

Khan Younis, southern Gaza Strip

6. Walking shot of people in the street running to hide from gunfire, UPSOUND: gunfire

7. Boys hiding at local mosque, pan right to people hiding from gunfire underneath tin roof, UPSOUND: gunfire

8. Various of boys taking refuge inside mosque, UPSOUND: gunfire

Gaza City's Shojaiyeh District, Gaza Strip

9. UPSOUND: gunfire, people scatter

Gaza City, near the Egyptian Representation Office, Gaza Strip

10. Man in traditional dress with flags of all Palestinian factions tied together, waving at gunmen on street corner, UPSOUND: gunfire

11. Gunman firing, man stopping him, pushing him back, UPSOUND: gunfire

526448

AP TELEVISION

Ramallah, West Bank and Gaza City, Gaza Strip - 15 June 2007/File

Gaza City, Gaza Strip - 15 June 2007

12. Various of Palestinian Prime Minister Ismail Haniyeh arriving at demonstration and waving to crowd UPSOUND: cheering and gunfire

Ramallah, West Bank - 15 June 2007

13. Close-up on Palestinian flag

14. Mid of Abbas at Friday Prayers

526224

AP TELEVISION

Nablus, West Bank - 13 June 2007

15. Gunfire exchanged with Al Aqsa Brigades gunmen

16. Mid of gunmen

526232

AP TELEVISION

Khan Younis - 13 June 2007

17. Back shot of militant holding rifle, UPSOUND: gunfire

526327

AP TELEVISION

Rafah, Gaza Strip -14 June 2007

18. Wide of the explosion of a Fatah-allied security building, (also called Preventive Security building) pull out to show crowd cheering and clapping and running towards the scene: UPSOUND: gunfire

19. Masked Hamas fighters rising up from their kneeling position on the road, after prayers, other gunmen firing into the air

20. Masked Hamas gunmen carrying away computers from scene

526447

AP TELEVISION

Gaza city, Gaza Strip - 15 June 2007

21. Wide of jeep carrying masked Hamas military wing spokesman Abu Obeideh with other fighters

22. Close-up of masked fighter

10:10:15

Palestinian security forces allied with Fatah arrested three dozen Hamas members in the West Bank on 14th June.

The move came as Hamas were close to a military takeover of the Gaza Strip.

Fatah leaders said a decision was made by security commanders to crack down on Hamas in the West Bank, to prevent it from taking any positions in that territory, a Fatah stronghold.

Arrests of Hamas activists were reported in the West Bank towns of Jenin, Nablus, Jericho, Ramallah and Bethlehem.

In Nablus, masked security agents and Fatah gunmen rode together in cars, searching for Hamas members, and broke into several homes of Hamas activists.

In one area, a brief firefight erupted, with Fatah and Hamas gunmen exchanging fire in the centre of the West Bank city.

On Saturday16th June Fatah gunmen took over the Hamas-controlled city council in Nablus and other Hamas-run institutions in the West Bank.

Gunmen arrived at the council building shooting in the air, walked in and then climbed to the roof where they hung flags of Al Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades, the military wing of Fatah, from the roof.

In Ramallah, at the parliament building, Fatah supporters chanted, "Hamas Out," climbed on the roof of the building and fired in the air.

They placed Fatah and Palestinian flags on the building.

Gunmen entered the office of Deputy Speaker Hassan Kreisheh and tried to seize him, but Fatah employees stopped them.

526309

AP TELEVISION

Nablus, West Bank - 14 June 2007

1. Fatah gunman gathering in city centre

2. Mid of gunman aiming weapon

3. Gunfire erupting, people running to take cover, gunmen aiming weapons, UPSOUND: gunfire

4. Various of office supply and furniture thrown from offices of Palestinian Legislative Council

526497

AP TELEVISION

Nablus - 16 June 2007

5. Fatah gunmen approaching building while shooting in the air, pan to gunmen gathered outside building entrance

6. Pan from mid of masked gunmen to fighters at entrance

7. Tilt up from gunmen in street to rooftop with two flags, pan back to gunmen shooting into the air

8. Zoom in to more gunmen on rooftop

526529

AP TELEVISION

Ramallah, West Bank - 16 June 2007

9. Top shot Fatah gunmen coming out of building pulling Deputy Speaker Hassan Kreisheh, out of the building, Kreisheh stumbling in the scrum

10. Various of Fatah gunmen approaching another building

11. Exterior of the Council of Ministers building, gunmen entering

10:11:22

Deposed Palestinian Prime Minister Ismail Haniyeh of Hamas on Sunday 24th June called for the kidnapping of British journalist Alan Johnston to end, as a new video recording was seen, which shows Johnston wearing what appears to be an explosives belt.

In the video, Johnston warns the belt, which is of the type suicide bombers use, will be detonated if an attempt is made to free him by force.

The one-minute-42-second tape, called "Alan's Appeal," was posted on a Web site used by militant groups to post their messages.

The video was made by the Army of Islam, a shadowy group with apparent al-Qaeda links that claimed responsibility for snatching Johnston, a correspondent with the British Broadcasting Corporation, from a Gaza City street on 12th of March.

527327

INTELCENTER

Video date and Location Unknown

++AP TELEVISION HAS NO WAY OF INDEPENDENTLY VERIFYING THE CONTENT, LOCATION OR DATE OF THIS AUDIO AND VIDEO.++

++THIS VIDEO WAS MADE AVAILABLE TO AP TELEVISION BY INTELCENTER, A FIRM BASED IN ALEXANDRIA, IN THE US STATE OF VIRGINIA, THAT PROVIDES COUNTER-TERRORISM INTELLIGENCE SERVICES TO THE US GOVERNMENT.++

++PERMISSION IS GRANTED FOR USE IN PRINT, BROADCAST AND INTERNET MEDIA AS LONG AS THE INTELCENTER BUG REMAINS UNOBSCURED AND THE VIDEO IS CREDITED TO INTELCENTER. ++

++AP TELEVISION HAS NOT EDITED THE MILITANT VIDEO.++

1. SOUNDBITE: (English) Alan Johnston, Kidnapped BBC Journalist: (Includes on-screen graphics)

"Captors tell me that very promising negotiations were ruined when the Hamas movement and the British government decided to press for a military solution to this kidnapping and the situation is now very serious. As you can see I've been dressed in what is an explosive belt, which the kidnappers say will be detonated if there's any attempt to storm this area. They say they are ready to turn the hideout into what they describe as a death zone if there's an attempt to free me by force."

10:12:03

An Israeli aircraft attacked a car in the northern Gaza Strip on Monday 7th May, saying the vehicle was carrying militants preparing to fire rockets into Israel.

The air strike occurred shortly after Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert warned of severe consequences if recent rocket fire out of Gaza continued.

The attack occurred near Beit Hanoun, allegedly a frequent launching ground for Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel.

The Islamic Jihad, a militant group in northern Gaza, said its members were in the car on a 'holy mission.'

Israeli citizens in Sderot ran to shelters in panic on Wednesday 16th May as Hamas militants fired eight rockets into Israel, following a barrage of around 20 rockets that seriously wounded an Israeli woman on Tuesday.

Wednesday's rocket salvo at the southern Israeli town of Sderot, just outside Gaza, continued a barrage that began in earnest on Tuesday 15th and wounded 21 Israelis, one seriously, a woman whose house took a direct hit.

There were no casualties on Wednesday morning, but school was cancelled in Sderot and residents huddled in bomb shelters.

Hamas said its rockets were retaliation for Israeli violence.

A Hamas compound in central Gaza City was one of three targets hit by Israeli air strikes on Thursday 17th May, adding a new layer of violence to internecine Palestinian fighting that has paralysed the Gaza Strip.

One person was killed at least 45 people were wounded at the compound, Palestinian witnesses and medical officials said.

Two other people were killed and scores injured in later air strikes in Gaza City.

526985

AP TELEVISION

Gaza City - 20 June 2007

Jebaliyah refugee camp

1. Hamas supporters burning Israeli flags

Gaza City

2. Masked Palestinian boy marching with Hamas ribbon round his head

521817

Islamic Jihad Video

Purportedly Gaza - 7 May 2007

++AP TELEVISION NEWS HAS NO WAY OF INDEPENDENTLY VERIFYING THE AUTHENTICITY, DATE AND LOCATION OF THE VIDEO HANDOUT++

3. Rocket being launched

522825

AP TELEVISION

Sderot, Israel - 15/16 May 2007

4. Children running towards shelter shouting, UPSOUND: rocket exploding

5. People walking away from house, camera tracks to window and films smoky interior

6. Various of damaged house

7. Various of damaged furniture and household items

523013

AP TELEVISION

Gaza City - 17 May 2007

8. Wide of smoke rising over Gaza skyline

9. Man gesturing to people inside the bombed out building, UPSOUND: Gunfire/Sirens

10. Top shot of rubble and rescuers

11. Body being carried out on stretcher

10:13:14

Kidnapped by Palestinian gunmen in Gaza for in March, British journalist Alan Johnston had only one link to the world, a radio that picked up British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) programmes reporting frantic efforts to free him. Confined to a dark room by his captors, Johnston told the BBC after his release on July 4th that he was often unsure if he was going to live or die.

He thanked his colleagues for standing by him; "I'm so immensely grateful for that, and I will be all my life," Johnston said in Jerusalem, addressing a BBC rally in London celebrating his release.

Johnston, a native of Scotland who reported from Gaza for the BBC for three years, was snatched from a Gaza City street by masked gunmen on March 12, shoved into a car and spirited away. Johnston was one of in a string of foreigners kidnapped in Gaza, though his time in captivity was by far the longest.

He was released before dawn on July 4th in a deal between Gaza's Hamas rulers and his kidnappers from the Army of Islam, a group run by one of Gaza's most notorious and heavily armed crime families, the Doghmush clan.

528410

AP Television

Gaza City - 4 July 2007

1. Deposed Palestinian Prime Minister, Ismail Haniyeh, putting Palestinian sash around freed BBC journalist Alan Johnston's neck

528324

AP TELEVISION

Gaza City - 4 July 2007

2. Various of BBC Journalist Alan Johnston being escorted by Hamas security after being released from deposed Palestinian Prime Minister Ismail Haniyeh's office

528398

POOL

Jerusalem - 4 July 2007

3. Johnston waving to crowds and shaking hands with British Consul-General in Jerusalem, Richard Makepeace

10:13:40

In September Police claimed to have cracked a cell of young Israeli neo-Nazis suspected in at least 15 attacks on foreign workers, drug addicts, homosexuals and observant Jews. Eight gang members have been arrested, and a ninth fled the country, police spokesman Micky Rosenfeld said.

"This was a cell, an active neo-Nazi group that in fact began here in Israel carrying out attacks and sabotage as well as different attacks on individuals. Unfortunately a number of individuals were injured," police spokesman Micky Rosenfeld said.

All are in their late teens or early 20s, immigrated from the former Soviet Union and have Israeli citizenship, Rosenfeld also said.

The gang documented its activities on film and in photographs, and Israeli TV stations showed grainy footage of people lying helpless on floors while several people kicked them.

535848

AP TELEVISION/POLICE HANDOUT

Various - 9 Sept 2007

Ramleh, near Tel Aviv - 9 September 2007

AP Television news

1. Members of Neo Nazi suspects getting out of car

2. Members of cell walking in court room

3. Courtroom symbol on wall

4. Mid of Neo Nazi suspects

Tel Aviv - Recent

Police Handout

6. Various of Neo Nazi cell members beating by-passers at central bus station in Tel Aviv

7. STILL of drawing of man holding Neo- Nazi flag

8. Cell members beating man

9. STILL of man giving Nazi salute

10. Various of cell members beating up a man

10:14:08

On September 28th some 20-thousand mourners gathered in Jerusalem to accompany the body of Rabbi Avraham Shapira, an Israeli spiritual leader, to its final resting place, the Mount of Olives. Shapira, famous for urging soldiers to disobey orders to evacuate the Gaza Strip, died in Jerusalem at the age of 94. A chief rabbi in Israel for 10 years beginning in 1983, Shapira spent much of his life fighting vigorously against territorial concessions to the Palestinians - emerging as one of the Jewish state's most divisive religious figures. To his followers, however, Shapira was a sage. When he was taken to the hospital earlier in the week, thousands prayed for his well-being at Jerusalem's Western Wall, Judaism's holiest site. Because the funeral took place during the joyous, week-long Jewish festival of Sukkot, or Feast of Tabernacles, rabbis told mourners it was best to avoid crying.

538115

Thousands at funeral of chief rabbi who opposed land handover

AP TELEVISION

Jerusalem - 28 Sep 2007

Mount of Olives, Jerusalem

1. Wide of mourners marching during funeral procession, Dome of the Rock in background

2. Wide of mourners marching in funeral

3. Mid of people carrying body of Rabbi Avraham Shapira to burial at cemetery

4. Mid of man crying

5. Wide of mourners at funeral, Dome of the Rock in background

LEBANON

10:14:34

Opposition protesters blocked roads with car tyres around the Lebanese capital of Beirut and other regions on January 23rd to enforce a general strike aimed at toppling Prime Minister Fuad Saniora's government. Opposition activists turned out early in the morning to burn tyres on major highways north, south and east of the city as well as a ring road around downtown Beirut, sending black clouds of smoke billowing in the air, witnesses said. Army troops and fire engines moved in to remove the obstacles. The road to Beirut international airport was blocked, as were the highway linking Beirut with the mountains and the highway to Damascus, the Syrian capital, Hezbollah's television stations reported. Scores of opposition supporters took the streets and in some instances security forces stood by and watched.

510522

AP TELEVISION

Beirut - 23 Jan 2007

++PRE DAWN SHOTS++

1. Wide top shot of city skyline with plumes of smoke rising from fires

2. Wide shot of protesters and tyres on fire

3. Wide shot of military vehicles arriving at the scene

4. Strikers protesting

510536

AP TELEVISION

Beirut - 23 Jan 2007

5. Lebanese army arresting a protestor

6. Various of clashes in the street

7. Lebanese army shooting in the air

10:15:17

Hezbollah leader Sheik Hassan Nasrallah told a crowd of mourners who had gathered in southern Beirut to commemorate the festival of Ashoura, that the US president , who he referred to as the "greatest satan", wanted to punish his group because they "stood fast and were victorious" in last summer's war against Israel.

Nasrallah was responding to a statement made by US President George W Bush earlier in January in the which the president condemned a recent outburst of violence in Lebanon.

511324

AP TELEVISION

Beirut, 30 Jan 2007

1. Wide shot of building with Nasrallah speaking from balcony

2. SOUNDBITE: (Arabic) Sheik Hassan Nasrallah, Hezbollah Secretary-General:

"(US President) George Bush wants to punish you because you stood fast and were victorious."

3. Crowd of women chanting

4. SOUNDBITE: (Arabic) Sheik Hassan Nasrallah, Hezbollah Secretary-General:

"When the greatest Satan declares his enmity and his war against us, this is a great honour of which we are proud."

10:15:47

Lebanese tanks pounded shells at a militant group's headquarters in a Palestinian refugee camp next to the northern city of Tripoli on the afternoon of Sunday 20th May.

The shelling came hours after clashes that left 13 soldiers and several militants dead, along with dozens of wounded.

Security officials reported a further 19 soldiers and 14 police officers injured in the fighting, the worst violence to hit the northern city in two decades.

A spokesman for the Fatah Islam group, Abu Salim, said two militants were killed and five wounded inside the Nahr el-Bared Palestinian refugee camp.

The group is considered by some Lebanese officials to be a radical Sunni Muslim group with ties to al-Qaeda, or at least al-Qaeda style militancy and doctrine.

The fighting threatens to further destabilise a conflict-ridden Lebanon that is facing its worst political fall out between the Western-backed government and pro-Syrian opposition since the end of the 1975-90 civil war.

Initially, gunfire erupted early on the 20th after police raided a militant-occupied apartment on Mitein Street, a major thoroughfare in Tripoli, looking for suspects in a bank robbery a day earlier in Amyoun, a town southeast of Tripoli, in which gunmen made off with 125-thousand US dollars in cash.

The armed militants resisted arrest and a series of battles then ensued that spread to surrounding streets and the nearby Palestinian refugee camp.

Lebanese troops pounded a Palestinian refugee camp with artillery and tank fire for a second day on Monday 21st May, raising huge palls of smoke as they battled a militant group suspected of ties to al-Qaeda.

The fighters holed up in the camp returned fire - lending credence to reports that they are far better armed than first thought.

Artillery and machine gun fire echoed around a crowded Palestinian refugee camp for a third straight day Tuesday 22nd May, as the Lebanese government ordered the army to finish off the Fatah Islam fighters holed up inside the camp in the country's north.

Black smoke billowed from the area after artillery and machine gun exchanges at the Nahr el-Bared camp on the outskirts of the port city of Tripoli.

Hundreds of Palestinian civilians continued to stream out of the besieged Nahr el-Bared refugee camp in northern Lebanon on Wednesday 23rd after a truce in the fighting mostly held overnight.

About 15-thousand, nearly half the camp's residents, fled late at night when the lull took hold in fighting between Lebanese troops and Islamic militants who were barricaded in the crowded Nahr el-Bared refugee camp, relief officials said.

About 1-thousand fled on Wednesday morning.

The Lebanese air force on Saturday 2nd June joined tanks and artillery in pounding Islamic militant hideouts on the second day of an intensifying offensive to uproot al-Qaeda-inspired gunmen barricaded in a Palestinian refugee camp.

A French-made Gazelle helicopter fired two missiles and directed machine gun fire at suspected militant hideouts on the western edge of the Nahr

el-Bared camp near the Mediterranean coastline, in an apparent attempt to block any sea escape route.

It was the first time the army used its limited air force capability in the battle, signifying the intensity of the ground fighting.

The army has helicopters, but no fixed-wing aircraft.

There was more heavy shelling on Wednesday 13th June in the Nahr el-Bared Palestinian refugee camp in northern Lebanon, as Lebanese troops reportedly clashed with Muslim militants still holed up there.

More than 25,000 people have fled the Nahr el-Bared camp, near the northern city of Tripoli, since fighting between the Lebanese army and Fatah Islam militants began on May 20.

Dozens of people have been killed since then.

The army said that the number of troops killed since the fighting began to 61.

The fighting has also claimed the lives of at least 60 Fatah al-Islam militants and at least 20 civilians.

523344

AP TELEVISION

Tripoli - 20 May 2007

1. Tanks and soldiers in the streets of residential area

2. Soldiers firing from armoured vehicles at building occupied by militants

523379

AP TELEVISION

Tripoli and Nahr el-Bared Palestinian refugee camp - 20 May 2007

Tripoli

3. Lebanese army troops running across street and firing at building

4. Soldier firing at building

Nahr el-Bared Palestinian refugee camp

5. Tank firing missile on target inside refugee camp

523492

AP TELEVISION

Nr Nahr El-Bared - 21 May 2007

6. Wide of Tripoli skyline, building explodes

7. Wider shot of black smoke, AUDIO: loud explosion, pan to fresh white plume of smoke

523528

AP TELEVISION

Nahr El-Bared - 21 May 2007

8. Wide of skyline with smoke rising

523595

AP TELEVISION

Near Nahr el-Bared, Lebanon - 22 May 2007

9. Wide of explosion on top of building with black smoke billowing from building AUDIO: gunfire and shelling

523742

AP TELEVISION

Nahr el-Bared - 23 May 2007

10. Various of refugees leaving camp

11. Refugees getting out of red truck

12. Refugees in red truck

13. Various of damaged buildings inside camp

14. Pan across destroyed vehicle

524975

AP TELEVISION

Nahr el-Bared - 2 June 2007

15. Wide skyline shot of camp with explosion and smoke rising

16. Lebanese army helicopter flying over camp

524834

AP TELEVISION

Nahr el-Bared - 1 June 2007

17. Various of armoured cars and military vehicles on the move

526205

AP TELEVISION

Nahr el-Bared Palestinian refugee camp - 13 June 2007

18. Various of shelling at camp

19. Various of shelling

10:17:57

Lebanese troops on July 5th resumed pounding suspected hideouts of al-Qaeda-inspired militants entrenched in a Palestinian refugee camp in northern Lebanon. Lebanese troops, backed by artillery and tank fire, blasted suspected hideouts of Fatah Islam militants barricaded inside the Nahr el-Bared camp near Tripoli. The refugee camp and its remaining inhabitants have now endured more than forty days of gun battles between the Lebanese troops and militants.

Meanwhile Lebanese authorities and the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) started distributing money to the displaced from Nahr El-Bared - 1350 US dollars for each family. Some of the money was contributed by Saudi Arabia, said Richard Cook, General Manager of the UNRWA. UNRWA launched a worldwide campaign to gather money to help the displaced Palestinians and to rebuild Nahr El-Bared camp once the violence stops.

On July 12th two Lebanese soldiers were killed as the army pounded a refugee camp with artillery fire, but the military denied reports that the barrage was part of a final assault on the al-Qaeda inspired Islamic militants barricaded inside. AP Television filmed heavy shelling, which began just before dawn just hours after more than 150 civilians fled on foot from the camp and the army moved tanks and armoured vehicles up towards the camp. The army said two soldiers were killed Thursday, bringing the number of military dead to 88 since fighting began at the Nahr el-Bared camp on May 20. Earlier an armoured personnel carrier was seen ferrying at least two wounded soldiers out of the camp. From five to 10 shells were slamming into the camp every minute.

Plumes of black smoke continued to rise from tank and artillery shellfire at the beleaguered Nahr el-Bared Palestinian refugee camp in southern Lebanon on July 14th as Fatah Islam gunmen holed up there exchanged heavy fire with the encircling Lebanese army troops. The army said two soldiers died on July 13th, one from wounds he suffered in fighting on the 12th. The fatalities brought to 94 the number of soldiers killed since fighting began on May 20.

Most of Nahr el-Bared's 30,000 residents had fled since the beginning of the battles, and conditions are desperate for those still inside. The Lebanese army said that it had seized control of a number of buildings in the camp that had been used by Fatah Islam militants to attack and snipe at soldiers.

On July 14th Lebanon's rival parties met at a French chateau for rare and long-awaited talks which it is hoped will start the process of healing the rift between enemies mired in a political and sectarian crisis which is threatening to tear their country apart. But the closed-door meetings, organised by France with U.S. and Iranian approval, were not expected to end the political deadlock between the Western-backed prime minister and the Hezbollah-led opposition. The meetings at La Celle Saint Cloud, a small town west of Paris, mark the first time that the 14 parties are meeting since a national dialogue conference in November that failed to resolve the tensions.

Heavy shelling continued at a besieged Palestinian refugee camp in northern Lebanon on July 17th as army troops continued to pound damaged buildings, believed to be the remaining hideouts of al-Qaeda-inspired militants holed up inside with artillery and tank fire. Lebanese security officials said significant progress was being made by the military, and a senior official said the southern part of the Nahr el-Bared "old camp" - a reference to an area deep within the camp with narrow, winding streets where the Fatah Islam militants are believed to be holed up - would soon be entirely under the army's control. He said that militants from the Fatah Islam group were now encircled in an area thought to be no bigger than 500 square metres.

On September 2nd the last stronghold of Islamic militants holed up in a Palestinian refugee camp in northern Lebanon fell to the army, security officials said. Only occasional gunfire could be heard inside the Nahr el-Bared camp, hours after the army killed 39 militants and captured at least 20 others as they tried to break out of the camp. The officials, speaking on condition of anonymity, said the last stronghold of Fatah Islam militants fell later in the day to the army, which captured five wounded militants in their hideout. The army, which said it lost three soldiers in the gun battle, was not ready to formally declare an end to fighting in the camp, large parts of which were destroyed by army bombardments in the last three and a half months.

The gun battles that began during the dawn breakout had continued through the early afternoon, with troops chasing Fatah Islam fighters in buildings, fields and roads around the camp, in an area called Wadi El-Gamous. The clashes eventually tapered off, but the military search continued. Celebratory gunfire erupted in nearby villages as soon as news of the latest developments spread. Dozens of residents took to the streets of Mohammara, waving Lebanese flags and honking their horns as troop convoys poured into the area with soldiers flashing victory signs. Several Red Cross and military ambulances were seen racing out of the camp, reportedly carrying militant casualties and transporting them to the Government Hospital in the nearby port city of Tripoli. Army officials and senior security official told the Associated Press that they did not know whether Fatah Islam leader Shaker al-Absi was among those who attempted to break out. Al-Absi has not been seen or heard since early in the fighting. The military said three soldiers were killed on September 2nd and two on Saturday September 1st, raising to 158 the total number of troops who have died in the conflict.

528500

AP TELEVISION

Nahr El-Bared - 5 July 2007

1. Wide of shelling on Nahr El-Bared Palestinian refugee camp

529323

AP TELEVISION

Nahr el-Bared - 12 July 2007

2. Sparks flying from explosion AUDIO gunfire

3. Various of explosions and sparks flying AUDIO gunfire

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AP TELEVISION

Nahr el-Bared - 12 July 2007

4. Tanks and armoured vehicles UPSOUND: Gunfire

5. Various of tanks and army vehicles moving into position

529541

AP TELEVISION

Nahr el-Bared - 14 July 2007

6. Lebanese army Jeep coming out of the camp

7. Camp, ruined buildings, thick smoke rising from shell strikes (AUDIO: shellfire)

8. Wrecked building in camp, Lebanese flag flying from top

529570

Lebanon's 14 feuding factions meet for talks

AP TELEVISION

La Celle Saint-Cloud - 14 July 2007

9. Pan of delegates sitting at round table

529660

AP TELEVISION

Nahr El-Bared - 15 July 2007

10. Camp being shelled, sending smoke and debris into the air, AUDIO: shelling

11. Lebanese army soldiers patrolling inside camp

12. Wide of explosion, sending debris into the air

529875

AP TELEVISION

Nahr El-Bared - 17 July 2007

++NIGHT SHOTS++

13. Wide of Nahr El-Bared camp as flashing shell hits building UPSOUND: explosions

14. Flashing light from explosion inside camp UPSOUND: explosions

++DAY SHOTS++

15. Smoke rising over camp as shelling continues UPSOUND: shelling

AP TELEVISION

Nahr El-Bared - 23 Aug 2007

14. Wide of refugee camp with missile hitting it and big plume of smoke rising ++UPSOUND: shelling++

535016

AP TELEVISION

Nahr el-Bared area - 2 Sep 2007

15. Soldiers searching (AUDIO gunfire)

16. Medium of soldiers searching in fields

17. Woman celebrates (AUDIO)

18. Locals celebrate as army vehicles drive by (AUDIO: cheering)

PAKISTAN

10:20:04

A suicide bomber blew himself up inside a courtroom in troubled south-western Pakistan, killing a judge and 14 others, police and other officials said. At least 24 people were wounded in the suicide attack, in the country's impoverished Baluchistan province, of which Quetta is the capital. It was not immediately clear who was behind the attack at the District Courts complex in Quetta which killed civil judge Abdul Wahid Durrani, five lawyers and relatives of some of those on trial, according to police sources. Baluchistan police chief Tariq Khosa said the attacker was included among the 16 dead.

513276

AP TELEVISION

Quetta - 17 Feb 2007

++CLIENTS PLEASE NOTE: GRAPHIC MATERIAL++

1. Dead body wrapped in sheet being removed from blast site

2. Fire burning inside court room

3. Damage at bomb blast site

4. Police tape cordoning off area

5. Dead bodies on floor of hospital

10:20:24

Pakistan's suspended chief justice was cheered by thousands of supporters as he travelled through eastern Pakistan on Saturday 23rd June ahead of another rally demanding an end to the government of President General Pervez Musharraf.

In the town of Okara, Chief Justice Iftikhar Mohammed Chaudhry's motorcade was greeted with rose petals and dancing in the street.

Chaudhry was suspended by President General Pervez Musharraf on 9 March, 2007, accused of abusing his office to get a prized job for his son. It led to nationwide protests, becoming the deepest political crisis of the Musharraf presidency.

Chaudhry denies the charges and has been fighting a legal battle to be reinstated, addressing rallies across the country and drawing the support of tens of thousands of people.

Most of Pakistan's political parties opposing Musharraf's military rule have also joined Chaudhry's rallies.

On 7th June thousands of protesters took to the streets of Lahore in eastern Pakistan, the latest in a series of demonstrations against President General Pervez Musharraf's ouster of the country's top judge.

The crowd of demonstrators, which included hundreds of lawyers backed by opposition political party supporters, was estimated at around 7-thousand by observers.

The protesters, carrying banners and flags, chanted "Go Musharraf, Go!"

Earlier in May police were forced to use tear gas to dampen down the protest after a general strike was observed in Karachi as well as Lahore and other major Pakistani cities to voice dissatisfaction over the way the violence was being handled and Musharraf's suspension of the Chief Justice Iftikhar Mohammed Chaudhry.

527252

AP TELEVISION

Okara - 23 June 2007

+++QUALITY AS INCOMING+++

1. Close up, suspended Chief Justice, Iftikhar Mohammed Chaudhry receives bar life membership certificate, framed

2. Chaudhry on a stage UPSOUND: applause

525463

AP TELEVISION

Lahore - 7 June 2007

3. Wide top shot of protest against suspension of Chief Justice Iftikhar Mohammed Chaudhry on 9 March

4. Lawyers chanting slogans against Pakistan President, Pervez Musharraf

5. Protesters burning effigy of Musharraf

6. Riot police watching protest

522673

AP TELEVISION

Karachi - 14 May 2007

++NIGHTSHOTS++

7. Police firing tear gas in the Lyari area in Karachi UPSOUND: gunshots

8. Protesters running away from tear gas

10:20:56

A car bomb exploded in the car park of the High Court building in north-western Pakistan on Tuesday 29th May, injuring at least seven people, police said.

The blast happened in Peshawar, the capital of North West Frontier Province, and most of the injured were passers-by, a local police official said.

The injured were taken to a hospital, a police official said, adding that there was no immediate indication who was responsible for the bomb.

Earlier in the month a suicide attacker carrying a warning for American spies detonated a bomb which ripped through a hotel in the north-western city of Peshawar, killing at least 25 people and wounding 30, police said.

The explosion ripped through the reception area of the four-storey Marhaba Hotel in Peshawar's old city, close to the border with Afghanistan.

The explosion devastated the ground-floor restaurant, leaving the victims scattered among broken tables and shattered crockery both inside the building and out in the street.

No group claimed responsibility for the blast, which deepened instability in Pakistan, still reeling from bloody political riots at the weekend in its commercial capital, Karachi.

524384

Car bomb outside court building in Pakistan injures seven

AP TELEVISION

Peshawar - 29 May 2007

1. Policemen moving wreckage of car from blast area

2. People surrounding wreckage of car

3. Bomb disposal official searching for evidence at scene of blast

522740

Suicide bombing at hotel kills at least 25, wounds 30

AP TELEVISION

Peshawar - 15 May 2007

4. Wide of people at scene of the blast

5. Police officers searching through rubble

6. Wide of rubble

10:21:32

On July 3rd security forces clashed with militants outside a radical mosque in the Pakistani capital, Islamabad, triggering gunfire that left killed two police officers, one soldier dead and clerics claimed that nine of their supporters died. Several students and troops were also injured. The battle marked a major escalation in a standoff at the Lal Masjid, or Red Mosque, whose clerics have challenged the military-led government by mounting a vigilante anti-vice campaign in Islamabad. Trouble began when student followers of the mosque, including young men with guns and dozens of women wearing black burqas, rushed toward a nearby police checkpoint. A man used the mosque's loudspeakers to order suicide bombers to get into position.

Dozens of stone-throwing students shattered windows of a government building near the mosque, chanting, "Taliban, long live Taliban," a reference to Afghanistan's radical Islamic insurgents. Abdul Rashid Ghazi, the mosque's deputy leader, said the Rangers sparked the trouble by erecting barricades near the mosque. When asked about the presence of armed students at his mosque, Ghazi said they "are our guards."

Pakistan's President General Pervez Musharraf had said the previous week that he was ready to raid the mosque, but warned that suicide bombers from a militant group linked to al-Qaeda had slipped into the mosque.

On July 4th a curfew was imposed. Leaders of a besieged radical mosque remained defiant as a deadline calling for their immediate surrender passed. However, more than 340 of their followers surrendered as government troops with armoured personnel carriers tightened their stranglehold on the Lal Masjid, or Red Mosque, in the heart of Islamabad, said the capital's top security official Khalid Pervez.

On July 6th, after dusk, a half dozen explosions rocked the area around the Lal Masjid, or Red Mosque, shooting debris high above the tree tops along with plumes of smoke and red dust. Officials said troops were trying to unnerve those who remained while also knocking holes in walls of the mosque compound so that students allegedly being held as human shields could escape.

On July 11th the 43-year-old pro-Taliban cleric Adbul Rashid Ghazi was killed after pushing authorities too far with his drive to enforce strict Islamic law in the city. He was radicalised by the 1998 sectarian assassination of his cleric father.

On July 15th a suicide bomber targeted scores of people who were taking medical and written exams for recruitment to the police force in the city of Dera Ismail Khan in Pakistan's troubled North West Frontier Province ( NWFP) near the Afghan border. According to police the blast killed 26 people and wounded 35. Police said that the dead included six police officers. More than 150 people were on the grounds of the police headquarters when the bomber struck. Police said the bomber's head and suicide vest had been found. Another police official at the scene said that there were at least 12 bodies lying in the police recruitment centre. It was not the only suicide attack on the 15th as militants in northwest Pakistan tore up a peace pact with the government and launched attacks and bombings that killed at least 70 people, in a dramatic escalation of violence in the al-Qaeda infiltrated region. The attacks followed strident calls by extremists to avenge the government's bloody storming of Islamabad's Red Mosque and a declaration of jihad, or holy war, by at least one pro-Taliban cleric. Termination of the peace treaty, the hopeful handiwork of President General Pervez Musharraf, puts even greater pressure on the military leader as he wrestles with both Islamic extremists and a gathering pro-democracy movement.

On July 17th a suicide bomber killed at least 12 people and injured 40 at a rally for Pakistan's suspended chief justice, increasing tension in a country already reeling from a burst of violence by Islamic extremists. Justice Iftikhar Mohammed Chaudhry was heading toward the district court in the capital, Islamabad, to address a gathering of lawyers when the bomb exploded, police said. An AP Television cameraman was filming the rally and captured the moment of impact and the chaos immediately after the explosion. Police said the blast happened near a stage set up for Chaudhry. Hundreds of people were present at the time, but the chief judge himself was still several kilometres (miles) away at the time. Following the attack, Chaudhry sought refuge at the Supreme Court. There was no immediate indication of who carried out the attack, which came before a verdict in a legal battle that has pitched Chaudhry against President General Pervez Musharraf and which could determine the military ruler's political future. The attack also came amid a spate of bombings and suicide attacks in the north west blamed on Islamic extremists enraged by President General Pervez Musharraf's decision to storm Islamabad's Red Mosque and deploy troops in militant strongholds near the Afghan border.

On July 27th Pakistan Interior Ministry spokesman Javed Iqbal Cheema said the government had received intelligence about a possible suicide bombing in Islamabad's Aabpara market prior to the blast that killed at least 13 people and wounded 61 on Friday. The bomber struck after hundreds of protesters clashed with police as the city's Red Mosque reopened for the first time since the army ousted Islamic militants in a bloody raid. One witness said the blast went off inside the Muzaffar Hotel, located in the market area about a half-kilometre (quarter mile) from

the mosque.

After the bombing, police retook control of the mosque, said Zafar Iqbal, the city police chief. Pakistani police arrested around 50 protesters after dispersing religious students and other supporters of the mosque's pro-Taliban former clerics with tear gas outside the mosque. The government had reopened the mosque for the first time to the public on Friday since a bloody army siege two weeks ago dislodged militants.

On July 19th former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto said that Pakistan's President, General Pervez Musharraf, should resign from his military post if he is to continue as Pakistan's ruler, said, after officials confirmed that the two had held secret talks on a possible power-sharing pact. Bhutto, the self-exiled leader of the country's largest opposition party, would not comment on the meeting, that officials said took place in the Gulf emirate of Abu Dhabi. Musharraf, who seized power in a bloodless coup in 1999, and Bhutto are widely reported to be working on an alliance designed to bolster the increasingly embattled president's political strength while allowing the opposition leader to return home and become prime minister for the third time. The pact would likely require Musharraf to lead changes to the constitution to remove a ban on anyone serving as prime minister more than twice.

528227

AP TELEVISION

Islamabad - 3 July 2007

1. Wide of religious students outside the Lal Masjid mosque

2. Women seminary students of Jamia Hafsa mosque wearing head to toe burqas marching past and chanting, some carrying long sticks

3. Wide of scene as gas canisters explode among the women AUDIO: Gun fire

4. Wide pan of female students on rooftop

5. Mid of student with gun

6. Students picking objects off the ground and throwing them AUDIO: Gun fire

7. Armed students AUDIO: Gun fire

528274

AP TELEVISION

Islamabad - 3 July 2007

8. Various of rioters attacking perimeter wall of environment ministry building, across the street from the mosque

9.. Wide of police firing tear gas from armoured car

528350

AP TELEVISION

Islamabad - 4 July 2007

10. Close-up of barbed wire security fence, with soldiers patrolling

528649

AP TELEVISION

Islamabad - 6 July 2007

11. Wide of Red Mosque, AUDIO: Gunfire

12. Rangers shelter in front of closed shop near mosque, AUDIO: Gunfire

13. Blindfolded students from mosque led away by Pakistan Army special forces after their surrender

14. Soldier's gun barrel, AUDIO: Gunfire

529067

AP Television News

Islamabad - 10 July 2007

15. Mid of dawn over mosque

529251

AP TELEVISION

Islamabad - 11 July 2007/FILE

FILE: Islamabad, 6 April 2007

16. Wide of traffic passing in front of Lal Masjid (Red Mosque)

17. Students on rooftop lookout position

18. Wide of people at prayer

FILE: Islamabad, March 2007 (exact date unknown)

19. Various of Abdul Rashid Ghazi addressing a news conference

FILE: Islamabad - 4 January 2002

20. Ghazi with worshippers

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26 killed in suicide bombing in volatile province

AP TELEVISION

Dera Ismail Khan - 15 July 2007

21. Wide of scene of the bomb attack

22. Various of dead bodies on stretchers with people gathered around

23. Close up of relative crying

529974

Blast ahead of top judge's rally, at least 12 killed GRAPHIC PIX

AP TELEVISION

Islamabad - 17 July 2007

++ NIGHT SHOTS++

24. Top shot of celebration, people dancing UPSOUND: explosion, camera shakes

25. Track shot of security officials at the site to body

26. Wounded woman sitting down

27. Tracking shot of photographers taking picture of wounded man shouting to mid of wounded man with injuries in his face

28. Justice Iftikhar Mohammed Chaudhry enters Supreme Court

531178

AP TELEVISION

Islamabad - 27 July 2007

29. Tilt down of people outside damaged Muzaffar Hotel in Aabpara market

30. People at scene of blast

31. Protesters throwing stones at armoured personnel vehicle

32. Protesters throwing stones

33. Policemen arresting student

530722

AP TELEVISION

Islamabad - 3 July 2007

34. Various of street fighting between militants and security forces at Red Mosque

FILE: Islamabad, March 2006

35. Musharraf shaking hands with President George W Bush

531307

Ex-PM Bhutto speaks after secret talks with Musharraf

AP TELEVISION

FILE: London, UK - 19 October 2006

36. Former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto and former Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif pose for cameras

10:24:25

In October President Musharraf won most votes in presidential election but the Supreme Court said that no winner could be formally announced until it rules if the general was eligible to stand for election while still army chief.

Also in October ex-prime minister Benazir Bhutto returned from exile but this was marred when a suicide bomb targeted her homecoming parade in Karachi.

In November General Musharraf declared a state of emergency while still awaiting Supreme Court ruling on whether he was eligible to run for re-election. Chief Justice Chaudhry was dismissed. Ms Bhutto and other opposition leaders were briefly placed under house arrest.

As lawmakers voted on October 6th in a presidential election civil society and opposition activists continued to protest his candidacy. Chanting slogans against Musharraf, dozens of lawyers clashed with police outside the provincial assembly in the north-western city of Peshawar. They burned an armoured police vehicle, threw rocks at officers, and burned an effigy of Musharraf before police swinging batons dispersed them.

Meanwhile, police in Karachi fired tear gas and detained some opposition activists who blocked a road by burning tyres to protest against Musharraf, according to a local police chief.

"We are staging a protest against Musharraf and the police have been shelling teargas since early this morning. Inshallah, Musharraf is bound to go and the hegemony of the uniform would not last long," one of the protesters told AP Television.

Musharraf, who seized power in a 1999 coup, faces a retired judge as his chief rival, in his bid to secure a new five-year term and could yet face disqualification by the Supreme Court.

Many opposition parties either abstained or boycotted the election in protest at Musharraf running while army chief.

539034

AP TELEVISION

Peshawar and Karachi - 6 Oct 2007

Peshawar

1. Various of lawyers burning effigy of General Pervez Musharraf and chanting anti-Musharraf and anti-government slogans

2. Various of lawyers crowded in front of armoured police vehicle, some hitting it with sticks

Karachi

3. Various of protesters burning tyres

4. Various of police arresting protesters

5. Police firing teargas

10:24:54

Former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto said on October 19th that she would not give in to the militants whom she blamed for an assassination attempt against her - a suicide attack that killed up to 136 people and dampened her long-awaited return to Pakistan. Bhutto said that ahead of her arrival in Karachi, she had been warned suicide squads

had been dispatched to kill her. She said telephone numbers of suicide squads had been given to her by a "brotherly" country and she alerted President General Pervez Musharraf in a letter dated October 16.

"There was one suicide squad from the Taliban elements, one suicide squad from al-Qaeda, one suicide squad from Pakistani Taliban and a fourth group I believe from Karachi," she said.

540516

AP Television

Various - 19 Oct 2007

English/Nat

Part No Pakistan

SHOTLIST

++NIGHT SHOTS++

18 October 2007

1. Various of injured at scene

Karachi - 19 October 2007

2. SOUNDBITE (English) Benazir Bhutto, former prime minister of Pakistan

"To save Pakistan, and to save democracy, because we believe democracy alone can save Pakistan from disintegration and a militant take-over, then we are prepared to risk our lives and we are prepared to risk our liberty. But we are not prepared to surrender our great nation to the militants."

10:25:27

Pakistani President General Pervez Musharraf said in an address to the nation late on November 3rd that Pakistan was at a "dangerous" juncture, and that "Islamic extremists and terrorists" were threatening the authority of the government.

The military ruler, speaking on state-run Pakistan TV hours after he imposed emergency rule, said he hoped democracy would be restored following parliamentary elections - due by January.

During a long speech, he later went on to say that "some elements" were interfering in the "democratic process, placing restrictions and hurdles in its path."

He cited "terrorism, extremism, paralysis of government and bureaucratic operations, demoralised law enforcement agencies, restrictions and interference in democratic operations" as reasons for declaring a state of emergency.

"I am very sad to announce that the economic boom and social welfare Pakistan was once experiencing have now stopped and are starting to take a downward turn, but this has not yet started and if we can stop this downward turn then we must," he said.

542380

AP TELEVISION

Islamabad - 3 Nov 2007

1. Wide of people sitting in cafe

2. Close up of men watching Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf address the nation

3. Close up of Musharraf on television

542400

AP TELEVISION

Islamabad/Karachi - 4 Nov 2007

Islamabad

4. Headline reading (English) 'Musharraf declares state of emergency'

5. Police vehicles, barbed wire, in front of president's House

6. Police in front of Supreme Court building

7. Paramilitary troops beside road

8. Wide pan of troops walking behind barbed wire

Karachi

9. Paramilitary troops on streets

10. Close up of newspaper with headline reading (English) Gen Musharraf's second coup

AFGHANISTAN

10:26:36

In January British troops launched a pre-dawn attack on a Taliban position in southern Afghanistan that left 16 suspected insurgents and one British Marine dead. Footage shot by an AP Television News crew embedded with British troops in Helmand province showed snipers setting up positions on a hilltop before launching their attack on mud-brick compound. NATO commanders said insurgents, who were disrupting planned work on a damn project, had based themselves at the compound. Dutch and British Apache attack helicopters firing missiles into the compounds believed used by the militants. Around a hundred soldiers of the 42 Commando Royal Marines took part in the eight-hour operation. American aircraft also joined in the battle, dropping 500-pound (225-kilogramme) bombs.

509611

AP TELEVISION

Kajaki, 13 Jan 2007

Night (pre-dawn)

1. Wide of hill, rockets being fired UPSOUND: gunshots

2. UPSOUND: (English) (Q: What are they fighting now?))

"There people are..they have the enemy on top of the hill."

Day shots

3. British soldier watching commandos marching in line

4. Close up of soldier firing UPSOUND: gunshot

5. British soldiers firing machine guns UPSOUND: machine gun fire

6. British soldier firing machine gun towards compounds

7. British soldiers firing machine guns

8. British soldiers entering compound, zoom in

9. US Air Force plane covering ground operation, missiles being fired

10. Large gun lying on the ground, smoke from mortar shots on the background

10:27:23

In February a suicide bomber killed at least 14 people and wounded about a dozen more outside the main U.S. military base in Afghanistan, during a visit by U.S. Vice President Dick Cheney. The Taliban claimed responsibility and said Cheney was the target.

The blast happened at the main entrance to the base at Bagram, north of the capital, Kabul. Cheney's spokeswoman said he was fine, and the vice president later met with President Hamid Karzai in Kabul before leaving the country. There were conflicting reports on the death toll. The Provincial Governor said 20 people were killed, while NATO said initial reports indicated three fatalities, including a U.S. soldier, a South Korean coalition soldier and a U.S. government contractor whose nationality wasn't immediately known. NATO said 27 people were also wounded.

514263

AP TELEVISION

Bagram/Kabul, 27 Feb 2007

Bagram

1. Wide of area near blast site

2. Various shots of relatives carrying bodies

Kabul

3. Various of US Vice President Dick Cheney arriving with Afghan President Hamid Karzai

10:27:45

A short videotape was released on the internet on Sunday 1st April purportedly showing militants launching an attack against a US military camp in Afghanistan.

The authenticity of the video could not be immediately verified, but the tape appeared on a Web site commonly used by Islamist militants and carried al-Qaeda's As-Sahab media production wing logo.

The video clip was titled "Holocaust of the Americans in the land of Khorasan, the Islamic emirate."

Khorasan, a name from the Persian empire, is the word militants use for Afghanistan.

The video carried a subtitle that read "A heroic operation against an American centre in Kunar."

It showed four bearded young fighters wearing traditional Afghani clothing and ammunition vests, carrying machine guns as they walked down a single-track trail road hugging the mountainside.

The video clip also showed small arms fire breaking out after several blasts hit the camp.

The video gave the date of the alleged attack, using the Islamic calendar, as occurring late last year.

517999

INTERNET

Date and Location Unknown

++ PLEASE NOTE: AP TELEVISION HAS NO WAY OF INDEPENDENTLY VERIFYING THE CONTENT AND AUTHENTICITY OF THIS MATERIAL ++

1. Two explosions take place

10:27:56

In March a US-led coalition operation supported by NATO troops killed feared Taliban military commander Mullah Dadullah, dealing the insurgency a "serious blow," a NATO statement said, confirming Afghan reports of his death.

Mullah Dadullah, a commander who reportedly trained suicide bombers, was killed after he left his "sanctuary" in southern Afghanistan, said a statement from NATO's International Security Assistance Force. It said Afghan forces assisted in the operation.

A spokesman for Afghanistan's intelligence service said that Dadullah was killed on Saturday 30th March in the province of Helmand.

A second intelligence service official said Dadullah was killed near Helmand's Sangin and Nahri Sarraj districts, which have seen heavy fighting involving UK and Afghan troops and US Special Forces.

The official was not authorised to give his name.

But Qari Yousef Ahmadi, a purported Taliban spokesman, denied that the Taliban commander had been killed.

522468

AP/As-Sahab - Insurgent video

Kandahar - File/13 May 2007

AP Television

Kandahar - 13 May 2007

1. Man pulling sheet to reveal body of Mullah Dadullah

2. Mid of body

++ PLEASE NOTE AP TELEVISION HAS NO WAY OF INDEPENDENTLY VERIFYING THE CONTENT, DATE OR LOCATION OF THIS VIDEO ++

++PICTURE QUALITY AS INCOMING++

As-Sahab - Insurgent video

FILE: Date and Location unknown

3. Mullah Dadullah firing rocket propelled grenade

4. Various of Mullah Dadullah firing PK (Kalashnikov) machine gun

5. Mullah Dadullah greeting members of the Taliban

10:28:22

On Sunday 10th June Taliban militants fired rockets close to where Afghan President Hamid Karzai was addressing a group of local, foreign and Afghan delegates in central Afghanistan, in an apparent assassination attempt.

Mohammad Karim Rahimi, Afghan presidential spokesman, said the missiles fell far from their alleged target and no one was hurt or injured in the incident.

A purported Taliban spokesman said that Taliban militants were behind the attack.

Karzai was addressing elders and residents of the Andar district in Ghazni province at the time of the rocket fire, police said.

The noise of the rockets sailing through the air clearly rattled some of the delegates, but Karzai moved quickly to reassure the group they were safe.

"Sit down, sit down. Do not be scared nothing is happening we are still talking," he said in a departure from his speech.

Just a few moments later, Karzai laughed nervously at the incident, signalling signs of relief.

525856

AFGHAN GOVERNMENT HANDOUT/AP TELEVISION

Kabul - 10 June 2007

AFGHAN GOVERNMENT HANDOUT (Audio as incoming)

1. SOUNDBITE (Pashto) Hamid Karzai, Afghani President:

"I hope there will be no more rocket attacks." (Laughs and gestures to crowd) UPSOUND applause

AP TELEVISION

2. Exterior of Afghan presidential palace

10:28:32

On July 5th a suicide bomber blew himself up at a checkpoint in southern Afghanistan killing 10 policemen and wounding 11, authorities said. The suicide attacker detonated his explosives in a room where the policemen were eating lunch at a checkpoint near Spin Boldak, a town on the Pakistani border, a local police official and an eyewitness said. "A suicide bomber detonated inside the building. When police were having lunch, he exploded himself. Some policemen were killed, others were wounded," an eyewitness said. Spin Boldak's district police chief was among those wounded in the attack, said the police chief of Kandahar province. Two of the checkpoint rooms were destroyed, the local police official said. Suicide attacks have become a prominent tactic of Taliban militants, who have dramatically stepped up their campaign of violence against the Western-backed government of President Hamid Karzai. Also on July 5th, a roadside bomb hit a NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Alliance) convoy in eastern Afghanistan, leaving one soldier dead and wounding two others, the alliance said. The blast raised the number of foreign soldiers killed in the country this year to at least 103.

On July 18th insurgents attempted a double suicide bombing at a provincial police station in Afghanistan in a day of violence that left more than 17 police dead in clashes across the country. In Khost, in the east of the country, the first of two suicide bombers blew himself up at the police station, killing at least three police. The second suicide bombing was thwarted when police shot and killed a second bomber who had run into the police headquarters, police at the scene told AP Television. AP Television footage showed the body of the man identified by police as the second bomber.

On August 18th a suicide car bomber detonated near a convoy of private security forces in southern Afghanistan, killing four Afghan guards and 11 civilians, including women and children, police said. The bomb went off west of Kandahar city and also wounded six other guards as well as 20 civilians who were in two minivans passing by the convoy, according to Kandahar's provincial police chief. Three women and two children died in the blast, and five women and three children were among the civilians wounded. "The bomb killed personnel belonging to a private security company and killed and wounded many civilians," an Afghan police officer told AP television. Women's and children's shoes were scattered about the area.

Other attacks included a suicide bomber on a motorised rickshaw blew himself up in a crowded market in southern Afghanistan on September 11th, killing at least 28 people in one of the deadliest bombings since the fall of the Taliban, officials said. The bomb detonated near a taxi stand just before evening prayers, in the town of Gereshk in Helmand province, the world's largest poppy-growing region and site of the country's worst violence this year. Gereshk district chief said about 28 people were killed, saying 13 police and about 15 civilians had died.

On September 29th a large bomb ripped through a crowded police bus in Kabul tearing off the roof and killing at least 27 people, an Afghan army medical official said. Dozens of civilians and police officers were seen taking bodies away from the scene. Witnesses said the bus had been torn apart by the blast and body parts were scattered in all directions. AP Television footage showed the extent of the damage to the bus, the force of the explosion peeling off the roof and exposing chairs. Windows of nearby shops were blown out. A police officer at the scene said the bus was full of passengers when the blast hit at 6:45 am (0245 GMT).

528513

Suicide attack kills 10 Afghan police, one NATO soldier

AP TELEVISION

near Spin Boldak, 5 July 2007

1. Wide of blast site, soldier holding rifle in the foreground

2. Pan of badly damaged building

3. Building being demolished

530095

Double suicide bombing at police station GRAPHIC PIX

AP TELEVISION

Khost - 18 July 2007

4. Wide exterior of Khost provincial police station

5. Body of second suicide bomber shot and killed before he could detonate explosives

533361

Suicide car bomber kills 15, wounds 26

AP TELEVISION

Kandahar - 18 Aug 2007

++QUALITY AS INCOMING++

6. Afghan police at the blast site

7. Various of damaged and burnt out cars and vans

538186

At least 27 people killed after bomb rips through police bus in Kabul

AP TELEVISION

Kabul, 29 Sept 2007

8. Wide of people beside the destroyed bus

9. Rescuers dragging away a body

10:29:13

A purported Taliban spokesman said on July 25th that negotiations for the lives of 23 South Korean hostages have stalled and that the militants planned to kill a few of the captives immediately. Qari Yousef Ahmadi, who claims to speak for the militants, said the Afghan government hadn't responded to any of its demands and that between 11:30 a.m. (0700 GMT) and 2 p.m. (0930 GMT) the militants would kill "a few" of the hostages. Though some of Ahmadi's statements turn out to be true, he has also made repeated false claims, calling into question the reliability of his information.

Meanwhile a provincial police chief, said he thought talks had been on a positive track and said the new threat was a surprise.

The South Korean hostages, including 18 women, were kidnapped on September 19th while riding a bus through Ghazni province on the Kabul-Kandahar highway, Afghanistan's main thoroughfare. South Korean negotiators have travelled to Ghazni province to take part in the negotiations. Three previous deadlines for the hostages' lives had passed with no consequences.

On July 31st police discovered the body of a second South Korean hostage slain by Taliban militants in central Afghanistan, officials said. The man's body was found on the side of the road at daybreak in the village of Arizo Kalley in Andar District, some 10 kilometres (6 miles) west of Ghazni city, said the chief administrator in the area. A purported Taliban spokesman claimed the hard-line militia killed the South Korean hostage Monday evening because the Afghan government failed to release imprisoned insurgents. Qari Yousef Ahmadi, the purported Taliban spokesman, said senior Taliban leaders decided to kill the captive because the government had not met Taliban demands to trade prisoners for the Christian volunteers, who were in their 13th day of captivity on Tuesday.

530846

Taliban spokesman says militants to kill 'a few' South Korean hostages immediately

AP TELEVISION

Ghazni/Unknown - 21/25 July 2007

++PLEASE NOTE THAT AUDIO HAS BEEN LAID OVER A STILL WHICH CARRIES A DIFFERENT DATELINE++

FILE: Ghazni, 21 July 2007

1. STILL: Police searching vehicles on Kabul-Kandahar highway close to where 23 South Koreans were abducted

Location unknown - 25 July 2007

2. AUDIO: (Pashto) Qari Yousef Ahmadi, purported Taliban spokesman in a telephone interview with The Associated Press:

"The Taliban have lost their patience with it all so they (the South Korean hostages) will be killed, one hundred per cent, because a lot of time has passed since the deadline and there has been no response (from the authorities negotiating). The Taliban takes no responsibility for the killing."

531519

Police discover body of 2nd slain South Korean hostage

AP TELEVISION

Ghanzi - 31 July 2007

3. Wide of police inspecting body

4. Police carrying body into the back of police vehicle

532861

Taliban hands over two female South Korean hostages

AP TELEVISION

Ghazni, 13 August 2007

5. Wide of ICRC (International Committee of Red Cross) vehicles waiting on roadside in village of Arzo Kele in Ghazni

6. Freed South Korean hostages being escorted into ICRC car

534525

Taliban free three South Korean hostages

AP TELEVISION

Qala-E-Kazi, 29 August 2007

7. Three freed hostages inside vehicle, their faces are covered with shawls

534569

Taliban releases 5 more South Korean hostages

AP TELEVISION

Ghazni City - 29 August, 2007

8. Red Cross vehicle driving into ICRC office

9. Guard closing gate

10:29:57

President Hamid Karzai declared three days of national mourning on November 7th, a day after a suicide bomber attacked a group of lawmakers in the country's north, killing at least 41 people, including six members of parliament.

Karzai said at least 41 people were killed in the blast, making the bombing the deadliest attack in the country since the ouster of the Taliban regime from power in the US-led invasion in 2001. He said the toll could rise even further.

The Ministry of Interior said at least 28 people were killed, including five parliament members as well as children in one of the deadliest attacks of the year.

542750

AP TELEVISION

Baghlan - 7 Nov 2007

1. Police guarding attack site

2. Cutaway of gun

3. Victims blood stained belongings on ground

4 Close up of blood stained sandal

5. Students notebooks stained with blood

6. Police at scene

TERRORISM

10:30:30

(Al Qaeda number two al Zawahri criticises Bush Iraq plan)

A U.S. group that tracks al-Qaeda messages said that it had intercepted a video that purportedly shows al-Qaeda's deputy leader mocking U.S. President George W. Bush's plan to send 21-thousand more troops to Iraq. In the video a man believed to be Ayman al-Zawahri, challenges Bush to send "the entire army" and vows insurgents will defeat US forces. The Washington-based SITE Institute said it had intercepted the video from Ayman al-Zawahri, which had not yet been posted on Islamic militant Web sites, where his messages are usually posted. SITE did not elaborate on how it received the message. There was no immediate independent confirmation of the video's authenticity.

510502

Internet/SITE

Location and date unknown

++THE ASSOCIATED PRESS HAS NO WAY OF INDEPENDENTLY VERIFYING THE CONTENT, LOCATION OR DATE OF THIS VIDEO++

++PLEASE DO NOT OBSCURE ON-SCREEN LOGO AND CREDIT SITE INSTITUTE IN ANY ACCOMPANYING VOICE-OVER++

SITE Institute

1. SOUNDBITE (Arabic - with English subtitles) Ayman al-Zawahri, al-Qaeda's deputy leader:

++PLEASE NOTE SUBTITLES PROVIDED BY SITE INSTITUTE++

"(U.S. President George W.) Bush raved in his latest speech, and among his ravings was that he will be sending 20-thousand of his troops to Iraq. ....Aren't you aware that the dogs of Iraq are pining for your troops' dead bodies? So send your entire army to be annihilated at the hands of the Mujahideen.... Also among his ravings is that he has deprived al-Qaeda of a safe haven in Afghanistan...."

10:31:16

(Cuba - Guantanamo Bay / David Hicks conviction)

An Australian detainee held for five years at Guantanamo Bay was found guilty in March of providing material support for terrorism, the first conviction at a U.S. war crimes trial since World War II.

David Hicks, a 31-year-old Muslim convert, faces a prison sentence of up to seven years under a plea agreement revealed on Friday that also requires Hicks to drop any claims of mistreatment by the US government since he was captured in Afghanistan and taken to Guantanamo Bay, said the judge, Marine Corps Colonel Ralph Kohlmann.

If sentenced to seven years, the plea agreement calls for an unknown portion of that to be suspended.

510149

AP TELEVISION

Guantanamo Bay - FILE

FILE: Guantanamo Bay, Cuba - date unknown

1. Close-up of sign at Camp Delta

2. Mid view of corridor between cells

517467

AGENCY POOL

Guantanamo Bay, 27 March 2007

3. Guard in watchtower

517795

POOL

Guantanamo Bay - 30 March 3007

++VIDEO QUALITY AS INCOMING++

4. Wide of US naval base

5. Sketch of lawyer and Hicks, zoom-in to close-up of Hicks ++MUTE++

6. Sketch showing Hicks and his lawyer ++MUTE++

10:31:47

(Philippines - Military confirms killing of top al-Qaeda linked militant, Jainal Antel Sali Jr., wanted by US)

A top al-Qaeda-linked militant, long wanted by US and Philippine authorities for deadly terror attacks, has been killed in a clash with troops in a major blow to the rebel group, the military said on January 17th.

Jainal Antel Sali Jr., popularly known as Abu Sulaiman, a top leader of the Abu Sayyaf rebel group, was fatally shot in a fierce gun battle with army special forces on the mountainous southern island of Jolo, military chief General Hermogenes Esperon said, confirming earlier reports of the militant's death.

509931

AP TELEVISION

Manila, 17 Jan 2007

1. Wide shot of news conference with Philippine Armed Forces Chief Hermogenes Esperon

2. Cutaway of cameras

3. Esperon holding up image of al-Qaeda-linked militant, Jainal Antel Sali Jr

4. US poster showing most-wanted terror suspects

5. Close-up image of Jainal Antel Sali Jr on poster

6. Zoom into Esperon crossing out Sulaiman's picture on most-wanted poster

10:32:12

(Algeria - Bomb Blast Near Government Building and Militant Video Purports to Show Bomb Construction)

Two bomb attacks, one targeting the Algerian prime minister's office and the other a police station, killed at least 23 people and injured 160 on Wednesday 11th April, the official news agency reported.

The Al-Jazeera television station reported that it received a telephone call from a spokesman for al-Qaeda in Islamic North Africa saying the group had carried out the attacks.

Prime Minister Abdelaziz Belkhadem called the attack a "cowardly, criminal terrorist act" as he spoke to reporters outside his wrecked offices in the capital Algiers.

Parts of six floors of the building were ripped away, and the iron gates outside were bent by the force of the blast.

The official APS agency reported that the bombing of the government building killed at least 12

people and injured 118, citing civil defence authorities.

It said 11 others were killed and 44 wounded in the attack on the police station of Bab Ezzouar, east of Algiers.

The attacks come as Algeria still nurses fresh and painful memories of a convoluted civil war between government forces and Islamic guerrillas that killed some 200,000 people.

After years of relative calm, an al-Qaeda affiliate recently has recently waged several smaller attacks.

In May the pan-Arab Al-Jazeera Television aired a video it said was from al-Qaeda's branch for North Africa, showing what appears to be preparation and an explosion that is purported to be a suicide bombing in Algeria that killed 33 people in April.

The brief footage showed a purported device being constructed and wires and timers being connected up, followed by a large explosion.

The network provided no details on how or when it obtained the video.

AP Television acquired the footage from IntelCenter, a US based company that provides the US government with counter - terrorism information.

A group called Al-Qaeda in Islamic North Africa claimed responsibility for last month's coordinated suicide bombings in Algiers. The blasts targeted the prime minister's office and a police station in the city.

518967

AP TELEVISION

Algiers - 11 April 2007

++ QUALITY AS INCOMING ++

1. Victim of bombing being helped down stairs outside prime minister's office

2. Various of victims being helped into helped into ambulance

522257

Militant Video

Unknown Date and Location

++AP TELEVISION HAS NO WAY OF INDEPENDENTLY VERIFYING THE CONTENT, LOCATION OR DATE OF THIS AUDIO AND VIDEO.++

++PERMISSION IS GRANTED FOR USE IN PRINT, BROADCAST AND INTERNET MEDIA AS LONG AS THE INTELCENTER BUG REMAINS UNOBSCURED AND THE VIDEO IS CREDITED TO INTELCENTER. ++

3.. Various of men assembling what appears to be a bomb

4. People connecting clocks and wires

5. Wide shot showing an explosion purportedly April's suicide bombing in Algeria

10:32:51

(Indonesia - Police Arrest Jemaah Islamiyah Leaders)

Indonesian police have arrested the alleged leader of Jemaah Islamiyah, the Southeast Asian terror group blamed for the 2002 Bali nightclub bombings and a series of other attacks in recent years, a spokesman said on Wednesday 13th June.

Abu Dujana, Indonesia's most wanted Islamic militant, was detained along with seven other suspects in raids on the country's main island of Java over the previous weekend, said national police spokesman Inspector General Sisno Adiwinoto.

The capture of Dujana, an Afghan-trained militant who police say once had links with al-Qaeda, is a major victory in the fight against terrorism in Indonesia, a secular nation with the world's largest Muslim population.

Adiwinoto said Dujana, who played a major role in "almost all" the bombings in Indonesia, was being held at an undisclosed location.

Police identified him using dental records and DNA samples, he said.

Jemaah Islamiyah members have been blamed for four attacks on Western targets in Indonesia in recent years, including the Bali nightclub attacks that killed 202 people.

It was also confirmed that the head of Southeast Asian militant network Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) was arrested along with its military commander last week, in a double blow to the group blamed for the 2002 Bali nightclub bombings and other bloody attacks, police said.

Zarkasih, who goes by one name and is now believed by authorities to be the network's overall head, was arrested over the weekend soon after the detention of Abu Dujana, said Brigadier General Suryadarma Salim.

Like other top leaders, he underwent military training in Afghanistan in the late 1980s, Salim told reporters.

In a videotaped confession shown by police at the news conference, Zarkasih said he became the "emergency head" of JI in 2005.

526169

AP TELEVISION

Jakarta -13 June 2007

1. Various of police official showing picture of terrorist suspect, Abu Dujana

2. Police diagram with photographs

3. Close up, from diagram, Abu Dujana (cropped)

526390

AP TELEVISION

Jakarta - 15 June 2007

4. Pictures on screen of JI members arrested last week

5. Close-up of picture if JI leader Zarkasih

526894

AP TELEVISION

Yogyakarta - 20 June 2007

6. Dujana with his wife and child

10:33:20

(UK - Suspected Bombs in London and Bomb Blast at Glasgow Airport)

British police defused a suspected bomb found in a parked car in central London near Piccadilly Circus.

Police said the car, contained a "potentially viable explosive device" but would not give further details.

The area around the vehicle was cordoned off as a precaution on Friday morning (29th June) while explosives officers examined the vehicle. London transport officials said the Piccadilly Circus Underground train station was temporarily closed.

The area where the car was found is the site of restaurants, bars, a cinema complex and, most famously, theatres.

Security experts said the bomb could have been timed to coincide with the change at the top of Government.

Bomb disposal experts defused a bomb in a car rigged with a mix of petrol, propane and nails in the city's bustling theatre district and later discovering a second car equipped with another bomb.

The first explosive, found in a car parked outside a nightclub and safely defused by a bomb squad, was powerful enough to have caused "significant injury or loss of life," British anti-terror police chief Peter Clarke said.

The second bomb was discovered hours later in another Mercedes parked illegally in the West End theatre district and then towed to an impound lot near Hyde Park.

Three terrorist suspects were in police custody on Sunday 1st July and a fourth man under guard in hospital, following attacks that saw a flaming jeep crash into a Scottish airport and two car bomb plots foiled in central London.

Scotland Yard said two people had been arrested in Cheshire, a county in northern England, in a joint swoop by specialist officers from London and Birmingham.

In Scotland, officers arrested two men, one of them on fire, after a Jeep Cherokee rammed into Glasgow airport and burst into flames.

Scottish police said the attack in Glasgow was linked to two unexploded car bombs found in London a day earlier.

527856

AP TELEVISION

London - 29 June 2007

1. Pan of Piccadilly Circus

2. Mid of police vans on cordoned off street

527931

Pool

London - 29 June 2007

Haymarket area - June 29, 2007

3. Side shot of car

4. Various of bomb experts in protective suit getting ready to load car into trailer

528006

AP Television

Glasgow - 30 June 2007

5. Wide of Glasgow airport

10:33:50

(Al Qaeda Videos Featuring Osama bin Laden and Walid al-Shehri and Bush Reaction)

In September a videotape purportedly of Osama bin Laden and Walid al-Shehri was released on the sixth anniversary of the 11 September attacks on the US showed a still photograph of the al-Qaeda leader superimposed upon a photograph of a burning World Trade Centre. IntelCenter, a monitoring group in Washington D.C., said it had obtained the 47-minute videotape privately and provided it to Associated Press Television News.

The voiceover praised Walid al-Shehri (also known as Abu Mus'ab), a man identified a September 11 hijacker, saying al-Shehri "and his brothers have made a covenant with Allah to support their religion. And they were faithful to their covenant." Al-Shehri was identified as one of the hijackers on American Airlines flight 11 that hit the World Trade Centre.

Osama bin Laden appeared for the first time in three years telling Americans they should convert to Islam if they want the war in Iraq to end. In the video, bin Laden was shown wearing a white robe, a white circular cap and a beige cloak, seated behind a table as he read an address to the American people from papers before him. His trimmed beard was shorter than in his last video, issued in 2004, and was fully black - apparently dyed, since in past videos it had turned nearly entirely grey. The footage gives a rare look at the al-Qaeda leader, who is likely to have avoided appearing in videos as a security measure.

US President George W. Bush reacted to the video saying "The tape is a reminder about the dangerous world in which we live, and it's a reminder that we must work together to protect our people against these extremists who murder the innocent in order to achieve their political objectives."

536136

INTELCENTER

Unknown

++AP TELEVISION HAS NO WAY OF INDEPENDENTLY VERIFYING THE CONTENT, LOCATION OR DATE OF THIS AUDIO AND VIDEO++

++THIS VIDEO WAS MADE AVAILABLE TO AP TELEVISION BY INTELCENTER, A FIRM BASED IN ALEXANDRIA, IN THE US STATE OF VIRGINIA, THAT PROVIDES COUNTER-TERRORISM INTELLIGENCE SERVICES TO THE US GOVERNMENT++

++PERMISSION IS GRANTED FOR USE IN PRINT, BROADCAST AND INTERNET MEDIA AS LONG AS THE INTELCENTER BUG REMAINS UNOBSCURED AND THE VIDEO IS CREDITED TO INTELCENTER++

1. SOUNDBITE (Arabic) Walid al-Shehri, September 11 Hijacker:

"We will come at you from your front and your back, and from you right and your left. From the underneath you and from on top of you. And the truth is in what you see not what you hear. The difference between you and us, you cowards, is that you fear death and are frightened by it whereas we wish for it and seek it in the name of God."

2. SOUNDBITE (Arabic) Walid al-Shehri, September 11 Hijacker:

"I announce on behalf of myself and my brothers in Afghanistan that as we carry our arms on our shoulders, we promise Allah that we will sacrifice everything until you (the US) fall as the Soviet Union has fallen before you and you leave our country defeated as you were defeated in Somalia once before, as long as we shall live, and may Allah bear witness to what we say."

535670

INTERNET

Date/location unknown

+++AP TELEVISION HAS NO WAY OF INDEPENDENTLY VERIFYING THE CONTENT, LOCATION OR DATE OF THIS AUDIO AND VIDEO+++

+++SITE INSTITUTE IS A U.S. GROUP THAT MONITORS MILITANT MESSAGE TRAFFIC+++

3. SOUNDBITE (Arabic) Osama bin Laden, al-Qaeda leader:

"People of America, I shall be speaking to you on topics of importance to you, so lend me your ears. I start with the war between us and you, and some of its repercussions on us and you. To start with, I say that despite America having the greatest economic power, and the mightiest and most modern military arsenal as well, it spends on this war and its army more than what the entire world spend on its armies. It is the superpower which is influential on world politics, as if the unjust veto is a monopoly for it only. Despite all of this, with Allah's grace, 19 young men were able to change the direction of its compass."

535724

POOL

Sydney - 8 Sept 2007

4. SOUNDBITE: (English) George W. Bush, US President:

"The tape is a reminder about the dangerous world in which we live, and it's a reminder that we must work together to protect our people".

10:34:57

(Yemen - Bomb Aimed at Tourists)

On July 2nd a suicide car-bomb killed seven Spanish tourists and injured six others. The Europeans were among 10 people when a suspected al-Qaeda suicide bomber drove his car into a group of tourists outside a temple in a part of central Yemen known for its lawlessness, officials said. Witnesses reported seeing a car drive into the group of tourists on a road outside the temple site.

Three Yemenis, including the suicide bomber, were also killed in the attack outside the 3,000-year-old Queen of Sheba temple in the central province of Marib, the officials said. AP Television showed footage of the mangled remains of several vehicles at the site, less than an hour after the explosion.