FOR CLEAN VERSION SEE STORY NUMBER: 2051670

A remembrance ceremony was held on the Japanese island of Iwo Jima on Saturday to mark the 70th anniversary of one of the Second World War's bloodiest battles.

Dozens of US veterans, now in their 80s and 90s as well as US and Japanese officials flew to the island, where the US invasion began on 19 February 1945, and lasted 36 days.

The battle claimed 6,821 American and 21,570 Japanese lives.

Speaking at the ceremony, Ray Mabus, United States Secretary of the Navy said the "inferno of Iwo Jima" brought the two nations together.

"Our partnership developed in a wake of war and has grown ever stronger in the years since. Today the Unites States and Japan are inter dependent - they have cooperation from everything from international security to free trade. We depend on one another so that each nation may live in peace and prosperity," said Mabus.

Japanese Defense Minister Gen Nakatani pledged to work hard to strengthen the US-Japan alliance which is "based on the sacrifice of those who perished" on Iwo Jima.

++QUALITY AS INCOMING++

DVIDS

Iwo Jima, Japan - 21 March 2015

1. US war veterans and Navy Secretary Ray Mabus laying wreath

2. Close of flowers

3. SOUNDBITE (English) Ray Mabus, United States Secretary of the Navy:

"Rising from the inferno of Iwo Jima our partnership developed in a wake of war and has grown ever stronger in the years since. Today the Unites States and Japan are interdependent. They have cooperation from everything from international security to free trade. We depend on one another so that each nation may live in peace and prosperity. America and Japan stand together today as sailors, marines, soldiers airmen, as nations and as friends."

4. Various of veterans, military and officials listening

5. SOUNDBITE (English) Ray Mabus, United States Secretary of the Navy:

"As partners we will face together whatever challenges the future brings, but we will never forget the lessons of our past. To overcome trying times we will invoke the character traits demonstrated by the battle for Iwo Jima - honor, courage, sacrifice."

6. Wide of military holding Japanese and US flags

7. Ceremonial gun salute

A sailor killed in the attack on Pearl Harbor has been buried with full military honors nearly 75 years later.

Petty Officer 1st Class Vernon Luke, a machinist's mate, of Green Bay, Wisconsin was laid to rest at a veterans cemetery in Honolulu on Wednesday.

The 43-year-old man died when Japanese planes bombed his battleship, the USS Oklahoma on Dec. 7, 1941.

After World War II, he was buried as an "unknown" along with nearly 400 other unidentified sailors and Marines from the battleship.

The Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency last year dug up their remains, saying advances in forensic science and technology had made identification more feasible.

It disinterred 61 caskets at 45 grave sites at the National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific, which is in an extinct volcanic crater commonly known as Punchbowl. Many coffins contained comingled remains of multiple people.

Luke was among the first five from the Oklahoma who was identified and whose family has been notified, agency spokeswoman Lt. Col. Holly Slaughter said. He is the first of the newly identified to be reburied, she said.

Sailors lifted the American flag that was draped on the casket and folded it. Rear Adm. John Fuller, Navy Region Hawaii commander, presented the flag to Luke's niece, Leeann Michalski.

Michalski and Marilyn Gardner, the widow of Luke's nephew, threw flower lei on top of the casket after workers lowered it into one of the gravesites that had been exhumed.

Luke was a "common person doing uncommon things, and he made the ultimate sacrifice," Fuller said, calling him a hero.

A second sailor will be reburied at Punchbowl on March 18. Ensign Lewis Stockdale of Anaconda, Montana was 27 when he was killed in the Pearl Harbor attack. Altogether, 429 onboard the Oklahoma were killed. Only 35 were identified in the years immediately after. The Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency expects to identify 80 percent of the Oklahoma unknown within five years.

Military laboratories in Hawaii, Nebraska and Delaware have been studying the remains using dental records and DNA analysis.

Ray Emory was a sailor aboard the USS Honolulu when Pearl Harbor was attacked. Wednesday, he attended Luke's funeral.

For years Emory pushed the military to exhume and identify Oklahoma servicemen and those still missing from other battleships

"Here it is 75 years after the attack and they're finally getting around to getting some of these people identified," said Emory, now 94. "It's taken them a long time to do it."

More than 2,400 sailors, Marines and soldiers were killed in the attack on Pearl Harbor. The Oklahoma's casualties were second only to the USS Arizona, which lost 1,177 men.

A sailor killed in the attack on Pearl Harbor has been buried with full military honors nearly 75 years later.

Petty Officer 1st Class Vernon Luke, a machinist's mate, of Green Bay, Wisconsin was laid to rest at a veterans cemetery in Honolulu on Wednesday.

The 43-year-old man died when Japanese planes bombed his battleship, the USS Oklahoma on Dec. 7, 1941.

After World War II, he was buried as an "unknown" along with nearly 400 other unidentified sailors and Marines from the battleship.

The Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency last year dug up their remains, saying advances in forensic science and technology had made identification more feasible.

It disinterred 61 caskets at 45 grave sites at the National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific, which is in an extinct volcanic crater commonly known as Punchbowl. Many coffins contained comingled remains of multiple people.

Luke was among the first five from the Oklahoma who was identified and whose family has been notified, agency spokeswoman Lt. Col. Holly Slaughter said. He is the first of the newly identified to be reburied, she said.

Sailors lifted the American flag that was draped on the casket and folded it. Rear Adm. John Fuller, Navy Region Hawaii commander, presented the flag to Luke's niece, Leeann Michalski.

Michalski and Marilyn Gardner, the widow of Luke's nephew, threw flower lei on top of the casket after workers lowered it into one of the gravesites that had been exhumed.

Luke was a "common person doing uncommon things, and he made the ultimate sacrifice," Fuller said, calling him a hero.

A second sailor will be reburied at Punchbowl on March 18. Ensign Lewis Stockdale of Anaconda, Montana was 27 when he was killed in the Pearl Harbor attack. Altogether, 429 onboard the Oklahoma were killed. Only 35 were identified in the years immediately after. The Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency expects to identify 80 percent of the Oklahoma unknown within five years.

Military laboratories in Hawaii, Nebraska and Delaware have been studying the remains using dental records and DNA analysis.

Ray Emory was a sailor aboard the USS Honolulu when Pearl Harbor was attacked. Wednesday, he attended Luke's funeral.

For years Emory pushed the military to exhume and identify Oklahoma servicemen and those still missing from other battleships

"Here it is 75 years after the attack and they're finally getting around to getting some of these people identified," said Emory, now 94. "It's taken them a long time to do it."

More than 2,400 sailors, Marines and soldiers were killed in the attack on Pearl Harbor. The Oklahoma's casualties were second only to the USS Arizona, which lost 1,177 men.

AP TELEVISION

Honolulu, Hawaii - 9 March 2016

1. Various of casket being carried to funeral ceremony

2. Various of Vernon Luke's niece, Leeann Michalski, and Marilyn Gardner, widow of Luke's nephew watching ceremony

3. Various of Navy flag detail folding flag

4. Flag being handed to Luke's niece

5. SOUNDBITE (English) Rear Adm. John Fuller, Navy Region Hawaii commander

"There's common person doing uncommon things and he made the ultimate sacrifice. In my book, it's just a hero and a great exemplar of the generation. Without thinking, he ran towards the fight. And that's what makes us great."

6. Vernon Luke's gravestone

7. SOUNDBITE (English) Ray Emory, Pearl Harbor attack survivor

"Here it is 75 years after the attack and they're finally getting around to getting some of these people identified. It's taken them a long time to do it."

8. Cemetery crew lowering casket into ground

9. Cemetery crew saluting casket

10. Luke's family and cemetery official watching casket

11. Luke's niece Leann Michalski watching casket

12. Various of Marilyn Gardner, widow of Luke's nephew, tossing flower lei and dirt into grave

13. Flower lei on top of casket in grave

NATO's recently sworn in Supreme Allied Commander said the Transatlantic organisation still fulfilled its mission of nurturing the same unity within the Alliance that made Operation Overlord possible in 1944.

General Tod Wolters said of his new job that it was akin to what his predecessor Dwight Eisenhower was tasked to do during the Second World War.

"(He) was renowned for bringing disparate groups together, side by side and finding a way to keeps folks aligned and focused on the mission," Wolters told the Associated Press at the Normandy US Cemetery ahead of the commemorations of the D-Day landings.

"All those attributes of what took place 75 years ago are very, very applicable to what we do today in NATO."

Wolters insisted this unity was visible and real on the ground in Afghanistan where US and European troops have been deployed for 18 years.

The focus of troops there was to track down what he described as "external ops planners" preparing attacks against Europe and the US.

Wolters would not say whether he was working on withdrawal scenarios.

Colleville-sur-Mer - 6 June 2019

1. Close of American and French flags on white crosses at American Cemetery in Normandy

2. Wide of cemetery

3. General Tod D. Wolters with white crosses in background, focus changes from crosses to Wolters

4. Close of medals on Wolters' chest

5. SOUNDBITE (English) Tod D. Wolters, Supreme Allied Commander for Europe:

"For as long as I've been alive, D-Day has been a very big issue and obviously, to be here on the 75th anniversary is a big, big deal for all of us. And what it allows us to do, as we come and share time with some of the veterans, is to get re-baselined with respect to our patriotism. They are great patriots. They continue to be great patriots and that DNA exists in many of our warriors today."

6. Close of Wolters

7. SOUNDBITE (English) Tod D. Wolters, Supreme Allied Commander for Europe:

"What occurred 75 years ago was one of the greatest demonstrations of unity that we've ever seen and (US) General (Dwight D.) Eisenhower was renowned for bringing disparate groups together, side by side and finding a way to keeps folks aligned and focused on the mission. And all those attributes of what took place 75 years ago are very, very applicable to what we do today in NATO."

8. Wolters speaking

9. SOUNDBITE (English) Tod D. Wolters, Supreme Allied Commander for Europe:

"We're in (Afghanistan) together - we'll come out together. As you well know the (NATO) Secretary General (Jens Stoltenberg) has been very keen to mention that point. We have a great force that's in place right now. I suspect that force will continue far into the future and will continue to take a look at conditions on the ground. But right now, we're focused on doing the appropriate thing in Afghanistan and that's to make sure that we can continue to neutralise external ops planners against homelands that exist in Europe and certainly against those that exist in the United States."

10. Line of crosses with French and US flags

11. SOUNDBITE (English) Tod D. Wolters, Supreme Allied Commander for Europe:

"It's our concern to make sure that our networks are as secure as they can possibly be so we'll continue to focus on our capability and our ability to secure our networks and will certainly remain vigilant with respect to those activities that you mentioned (China's Huawei working with Germany to install a 5G network) and nations and governments and militaries will work very, very hard – day in and day out – to ensure the security of our network so that we can have the freedom to communicate."

12. Wide of American Cemetery

NATO's recently sworn in Supreme Allied Commander said the Transatlantic organisation still fulfilled its mission of nurturing the same unity within the Alliance that made Operation Overlord possible in 1944.

General Tod Wolters said of his new job that it was akin to what his predecessor Dwight Eisenhower was tasked to do during the Second World War.

"(He) was renowned for bringing disparate groups together, side by side and finding a way to keeps folks aligned and focused on the mission," Wolters told the Associated Press at the Normandy US Cemetery ahead of the commemorations of the D-Day landings.

"All those attributes of what took place 75 years ago are very, very applicable to what we do today in NATO."

Wolters insisted this unity was visible and real on the ground in Afghanistan where US and European troops have been deployed for 18 years.

The focus of troops there was to track down what he described as "external ops planners" preparing attacks against Europe and the US.

Wolters would not say whether he was working on withdrawal scenarios.

Colleville-sur-Mer - 6 June 2019

1. Close of American and French flags on white crosses at American Cemetery in Normandy

2. Wide of cemetery

3. General Tod D. Wolters with white crosses in background, focus changes from crosses to Wolters

4. Close of medals on Wolters' chest

5. SOUNDBITE (English) Tod D. Wolters, Supreme Allied Commander for Europe:

"For as long as I've been alive, D-Day has been a very big issue and obviously, to be here on the 75th anniversary is a big, big deal for all of us. And what it allows us to do, as we come and share time with some of the veterans, is to get re-baselined with respect to our patriotism. They are great patriots. They continue to be great patriots and that DNA exists in many of our warriors today."

6. Close of Wolters

7. SOUNDBITE (English) Tod D. Wolters, Supreme Allied Commander for Europe:

"What occurred 75 years ago was one of the greatest demonstrations of unity that we've ever seen and (US) General (Dwight D.) Eisenhower was renowned for bringing disparate groups together, side by side and finding a way to keeps folks aligned and focused on the mission. And all those attributes of what took place 75 years ago are very, very applicable to what we do today in NATO."

8. Wolters speaking

9. SOUNDBITE (English) Tod D. Wolters, Supreme Allied Commander for Europe:

"We're in (Afghanistan) together - we'll come out together. As you well know the (NATO) Secretary General (Jens Stoltenberg) has been very keen to mention that point. We have a great force that's in place right now. I suspect that force will continue far into the future and will continue to take a look at conditions on the ground. But right now, we're focused on doing the appropriate thing in Afghanistan and that's to make sure that we can continue to neutralise external ops planners against homelands that exist in Europe and certainly against those that exist in the United States."

10. Line of crosses with French and US flags

11. SOUNDBITE (English) Tod D. Wolters, Supreme Allied Commander for Europe:

"It's our concern to make sure that our networks are as secure as they can possibly be so we'll continue to focus on our capability and our ability to secure our networks and will certainly remain vigilant with respect to those activities that you mentioned (China's Huawei working with Germany to install a 5G network) and nations and governments and militaries will work very, very hard – day in and day out – to ensure the security of our network so that we can have the freedom to communicate."

12. Wide of American Cemetery

WORLD NEWS REVIEW 1970

Duration 28:50

Sound: Final Mix

00:00 Titles

NIGERIA - (End of Civil War)

00:16

People walking along road

Nigerian military Commander (General Yakabu Guong) speaking at end of Nigerian war (SOF)

Phillip Effiong (Biafran Leader)

Phillip Effiong and General Yakabu Guong shake hands

Saluting General Ojukwu (Biafran Military Commander)

Biafran refugees

MIDDLE EAST

01:54

Guerillas manoeuvres (Palestinian Liberation Organisation)

MCS Yasser Arafat

Arafat (pans to) Nasser

King Hussein of Jordan alighting aircraft

Military parade

Nasser welcoming Hussein at airport

03:03

Amman street scenes

Soldiers searching cars

BOAC aircraft VC10

Aircraft takes off

Hostages descend from aircraft

Palestinian Hijacker out of cockpit

Women and children leaving under guard

04:18

747 blown up in Cairo on fire at night

747 wreckage (Pan-Am)

Jordan airstrip

Three aircraft being exploded

Amman G.V.- L.S. with gunfire

05:58

Nasser talking with Arafat

Hussein, Nasser and Arafat signing cease fire agreement

(Amman) Ruined buildings

Burned out cars

G.V. Amman

EGYPT

06:50

(Suez) Wrecked buildings and street scenes

Marchers carrying portraits of Nasser (after his sudden death)

(Cairo) Grief stricken mob rioting

Sadat with Military Commanders

Anwar Sadat speaking to crowd

Sadat in front of portrait of Nasser

08:39

A.V. Crowd at the Funeral of Nasser

Military band marching at funeral

Solder weeping

Civilian weeping

G.V. Funeral

Coffin with cortege

A.V. Crowd

FRANCE - (The Death of De Gaulle)

10:09

Flag at half mast

Man with newspaper "De Gaulle est Mort"

Front page

Cortege

Family funeral

Memorial service in Notre Dame Cathedral

President Nixon and President Nikolai Podgorny of USSR

Altar in Notre Dame Cathedral

GERMANY

11:09

Train arriving at station

Chancellor Willi Brandt of West Germany meets Chancellor Willi Stott of East Germany at station

West German protesters with banners

Brandt and Stott sign papers

CS Brandt

AUSTRIA - Vienna (Strategic Arms Talks)

12:07

Soviet and American flags

Delegates at photo call

ITALY (General Election and Riots)

12:30

Voters entering Polling Station

President Giuseppe Saragat casting vote

CS. Saragat

Rioting in streets of Reggio

Police running in riot gear

Troops firing

Lorry on fire

Houses on fire

Troops in jeep

JAPAN - Osaka

13:46

(AV) World Fair Expo 70

G.V. World Fair

POPE PAUL VI's ASIAN TOUR

14:31

Pope waves to crowds from aircraft steps

Manila Airport : Man (Bolivian Assassin) disguised as priest rushes towards Pope

G.V. Airport

(Samoa) Crowd

Pope speaking

PERU (Earthquake)

15:32

(Peru) Street scene

Clearing rubble after earthhquake

Men carrying injured

EAST PAKISTAN (Tidal Waves and Floods)

16:06

(AV) Bay of Bengal

(12.9.70 tidal waves)

(AV) Ships grounded

Dead cattle

People trying to save decaying rice

Army helicopter

(CS) President Yahya Khan

Relief lorry distributing food

Man weighing rice

People eating raw rice

SPACE (Apollo 13)

17:31

Saturn 5 takes off

Astronaut in Capsule

Houston Control Centre Astronaut (Lovell SOF)

Capsule descending with parachutes

Navy helicopter (on ship Iwo-Jima)

Astronauts descend from helicopter

ATLANTIC OCEAN (Heyerdal Sails in a Papyrus Boat)

18:46

Papyrus boat

Thor Heyerdal and crew on boat

Waterlogged boat

LATIN AMERICA

19:17

Motorcade (Dr. Salvador Allende) first Marxist President in Chile

Funeral of Karl von Spreti, West German Ambassador to Guatemala killed by terrorist

Dan Mitrioni (American) Dead body on stretcher

CANADA (Pierre La Port Kidnapped By Quebec Separatists)

20:15

Troops on rooftop kidnapped by Quebec

Troops on streets

Crowd going to pay last respects

Man being searched

Open coffin as people file past

USA (Talks With Vietnam)

21:16

Crowd with American flags

Nixon meets crowd

CS Nixon

Paris H.Q. of talks with North Vietnamese

U.S. Delegate

Vietnamese Delegate

VIETNAM

22:15

Continuation of troop withdrawal

Troops on corner

CAMBODIA (Coup Topples Prince Sihanouk)

22:50

Flag

Man taking down picture of Norodom Sihanouk

CS Sihanouk

General Lon Nol

Buddhist monks

CS Lon Nol

Military parade

23:49

American and South Vietnamese advancing Cambodian soil

Russian-made missiles

Captured arms dump

American withdrawal

Cambodians shooting (against communists)

Various battle scenes

USA (Four Die On Ohio University Campus)

25:17

Demonstration on US campuses

Troops marching against students in Ohio

Running battle

USA (Chicago 7 Demonstrate At Democratic Convention)

26:31

American women stage one day strike (demonstration in support of Women's Liberation Movement)

USA (Pollution)

27:03

New York street scenes

AV. New York

Waste disposal site

Polluted river

Scientists testing river

28:33 End Titles

28:50 End

AVAILABLE IN HD

SHOTLIST

FILE: Jebaliyah, Northern Gaza Strip - 06 January 2009

++CLIENTS PLEASE NOTE: EDIT CONTAINS GRAPHIC PICTURES++

1. Immediate aftermath of attack on United Nations school, tracking shot to dead bodies on ground, people rushing in panic, bodies carried by men to ambulance

2. Ambulance moving away

3. Blood on the ground, zoom in

Geneva, Switzerland - 20 May 2009

4. Low angle shot exterior of Geneva's Hotel Intercontinental

5. Hotel entrance

6. Former international prosecutor Richard Goldstone in lobby

7. SOUNDBITE (English) Richard Goldstone, United Nations investigator and former war crimes prosecutor:

"I'm disappointed, and the members of the mission are disappointed, that we've had no positive response from the Israeli government. It would have been our wish to start there, to visit southern Israel, Sderot, to go into Gaza through the front door, to go to the West Bank, which is also included in our mission."

FILE: Shati refugee camp, Gaza City, Gaza Strip - 06 January 2009

8. Wide of United Nations School hit by attack

9. Man walking by damaged wall, bloodstains on ground

10. Various of damage caused by attack

Geneva, Switzerland - 20 May 2009

11. SOUNDBITE (English) Richard Goldstone, United Nations investigator and former war crimes prosecutor:

"One of the decisions we've taken is that we will have a number of days of public hearings. If we can have them in the region, so much the better. but if necessary we will have them here in Geneva. We can use video conferencing facilities and we can also fly witnesses in. I hope that way we'll be able to cover the whole field."

12. Goldstone leaving, getting into elevator

FILE: Gaza City, Gaza Strip - 05 January 2009

13. Wide of Gaza city skyline with plumes of smoke on the horizon, looking towards Netzarim

14. Mid of thick cloud of smoke

Geneva, Switzerland - 20 May 2009

15. United Nations Secretary-General coming out of building

16. SOUNDBITE (English) Ban Ki-moon, UN Secretary-General:

(Question: Mr. Ban, do you support the Goldstone mission?)

"Yes, I met him and I had a very good meeting. I expressed my strong support for his mission. I told him that I had discussed with the Israeli government, particularly President Shimon Perez. When I met him (Perez) I asked him to extend the full cooperation for this mission."

(Question: And have you received a reply?)

"I have not yet received a reply directly but I am going to continue to discuss with them."

FILE: Gaza City, Gaza Strip - 05 January 2009

17. Car carrying wounded from the Zeitoun neighbourhood shelling arriving at hospital, wounded being helped out of car

18. Wounded children being helped into hospital UPSOUND: child crying

Gaza City, Gaza Strip - 20 May 2009

19. Set up shot of Hamas spokesman, Fawzi Barhoum in office

20. SOUNDBITE (Arabic) Fawzi Barhoum, Hamas Spokesman:

"Hamas welcomes all international investigative efforts that aim to uncover all the crimes being committed by Israel against our Palestinian people. We will cooperate with any international institution that comes to Gaza to uncover these crimes so that the Israeli leadership responsible for these atrocities can be brought to justice and tried as war criminals at the International Criminal Court."

21. Wide of Barhoum in office

STORYLINE

Former international prosecutor Richard Goldstone said on Wednesday he would go ahead with his investigation into possible war crimes in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict over Gaza, regardless of lack of response from Israel.

Speaking from Geneva, Goldstone said he and other members of the United Nations-appointed team were disappointed that they had had no positive response from the Israeli government.

Israel has withheld its approval over what it calls an "intrinsically flawed" probe.

Goldstone said the UN investigators would enter Gaza through Egypt if necessary, but added they had wanted to visit Israel first to assess what happened there.

"I'm disappointed, and the members of the mission are disappointed, that we've had no positive response from the Israeli government," Goldstone said.

Israel objected to the mission, ordered by the 47-nation UN Human Rights Council in January, because the original instructions were only to check what Israelis did to Palestinians.

But Goldstone, a Jew with close ties to Israel, only accepted the assignment if he could see what happened on both sides.

An Israeli Foreign Ministry spokesman said the commission would "never be able to do a proper job" because the mandate was "intrinsically flawed and defective".

Asked if the United Nations team members would be allowed to enter Israeli territory, he said that remained to be seen.

Israel regards the Council, which has a large contingent of members from Islamic countries, as biased against the Jewish state because it often singles out the country for criticism.

Goldstone said he approached the Israeli ambassador in Geneva, Aharon Leshno Yaar, several times and even directly appealed to Israeli Prime Minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, but had as yet not received an official response.

Israel launched its offensive against Gaza on December 27 in a bid, it said, to halt years of rocket fire into its the southern territory and deal a heavy blow to Gaza-rulers, Hamas.

The three-week operation killed more than 1,400 Palestinians, including more than 900 civilians, amongst them scores of children, according to Palestinian and international human rights groups.

It also destroyed thousands of homes and heavily damaged Gaza's infrastructure.

Israel has disputed the death toll, saying the number of dead was actually lower and that most of the dead were Hamas militants.

Israel also blamed Hamas for the civilian casualties, claiming the militants used schools, mosques and residential areas for cover.

This has been rejected by Hamas.

Thirteen Israelis were killed during the fighting.

Earlier this month, a UN investigation accused Israel of spreading false statements about its attacks on United Nations schools and other facilities during the Gaza military campaign, including one reported to have killed more than 40 people, and formally demanded compensation.

The investigation ordered by Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon found conclusively that Israeli weaponry was "the indisputed cause" of attacks on several schools, a health clinic and the world body's Gaza headquarters.

Israel denied that it intentionally struck the compounds and said it was forced to act against militants using the buildings and other civilian areas for cover.

It said the material its government presented to the UN was largely ignored in the final report, which it called "biased".

Israel has also been accused of using a Palestinian boy as a human shield, shooting Palestinian children, bulldozing a home with a woman and child still inside and shelling a building they had ordered civilians into, according to a 43-page report released in March by UN human rights experts.

The report also said that allegations that Hamas used human shields or fired from heavily populated areas were being investigated.

Israel criticised the report as "unable or perhaps unwilling" to address Hamas rocket attacks from Gaza.

For their part, Hamas said they welcomed the investigation.

"We will cooperate with any international institution that comes to Gaza," Hamas spokesman Fawzi Barhoum said from his Gaza City office on Wednesday.

Goldstone spoke to reporters after meeting Ban Ki-moon, who declined to join him before reporters on Wednesday because he wanted to underscore the independent character of the investigation.

However, Ban later did tell The Associated Press that he had had "a very good meeting" with Goldstone.

"I expressed my strong support for his mission. I told him that I had discussed with the Israeli government, particularly President Shimon Peres,"

Ban said.

"I have not yet received a reply directly, but I am going to continue to discuss this with them," the UN chief added.

Goldstone said the secretary-general was absolutely committed to the mission and was warm in his support.

He said the team had an August 4 deadline to submit its report and he had decided to hold public hearings for several days.

"If we can have them in the region, so much the better," he said, "but if necessary we will have them here in Geneva," he added.

Goldstone played a prominent role in the campaign against apartheid in his native South Africa and rose to global prominence in 1994 when he became UN chief prosecutor for war crimes, heading investigations into genocide in the former Yugoslavia and in Rwanda.

His team includes Christine Chinkin, professor of international law at the London School of Economics; Hina Jilani, a human rights advocate from

Pakistan; and Desmond Travers, a former officer in the Irish Armed Forces with expertise on international criminal investigations.

Like other UN human rights investigators, the team is independent.

The members are unpaid, but receive a daily living allowance and expenses.

They determine how to conduct their investigation and what they say in their report, even if that clashes with UN positions.

The investiture recently held by General Anderson is a timely reminder of stout work done by units of the First Army during the past three months.

Disclaimer: British Movietone is an historical collection. Any views and expressions within either the video or metadata of the collection are reproduced for historical accuracy and do not represent the opinions or editorial policies of the Associated Press.

SHOTLIST:

Cut story - General Anderson walks past Guard of Honour. Anderson makes several awards (although named, no definite name is given to anybody as the dope sheet is rather vague), to various soldiers & officers. Several CUs of Anderson pinning medal to soldiers. Anderson passing Guard of Honour on leaving, these happen to be The Hampshire Regiment, CU of one shoulder showing name of regiment. Anderson walks through avenue of palms.

RESTRICTION SUMMARY: AP CLIENTS ONLY

SHOTLIST:

DVIDS - AP CLIENTS ONLY

Arlington, Virginia - 17 March 2017

(++AUDIO AS INCOMING++)

1. US Defense Secretary Jim Mattis waiting for Qatari Defense Minister, pull out to wide shot of car arriving

2. Qatari Defense Affairs Minister Dr. Khalid bin Mohammed al-Attiyah gets out of car, shakes hands with Mattis and walks up the stairs towards the Pentagon

3. Mattis and al-Attiyah sit down at table

4. SOUNDBITE (English) Jim Mattis, US Defense Secretary:

"Good morning, your Excellency and welcome to the Pentagon to your party, it's good to have you here. As we both know, over many years, we have stood together, both of our militaries in the effort to try to stabilize a region of great importance to the international community. And the relationship between our two militaries through good times and bad has been one that we've always taken a great deal of pride in. I would just say too that the interests that we share are what binds us together but there is also a friendship between our forces, thanks to your hosting so many of our forces there and the support you've given to so many of our troops who have rotated through and have come home with very fond memories of their time in your country. So we appreciate your hospitality, your serious investment in so much of the infrastructure there, so much of which supports our forces there, and we look forward to continuing to cooperate in many ways, But again, your Excellency, welcome to the Pentagon. It's a pleasure to have you here."

5. SOUNDBITE (English) Khalid bin Mohammed al-Attiyah, Qatari Defense Minister: (++note: inaudible in some spots+++)

"Thank you very much, Mr. Secretary. Ladies and gentlemen, good morning. Really, I am honored and happy to be with you here today, this morning, and as you said, Mr. Secretary, that the relationship between us and the United States ... the friendship we are enjoying together. And we are so glad about your... in Qatar, working side by side. And I hope to see more of this cooperation between us. Thank you again for hosting."

6. SOUNDBITE (English) Jim Mattis, US Defense Secretary:

"Well as you know, your Excellency, relationships never stay the same, they either get better or they decline. And we are committed here to improving our already strong relationship, so again, welcome. I'm sure there's at least one question that I'll answer from the press here. You are authorized to say nothing if you so desire. So what's on your mind, young man?

7. UPSOUND: Reporter question, off camera:

"Mr. Secretary, are you concerned about the growing casualties in and around Mosul?"

8. SOUNDBITE (English) Jim Mattis, US Defense Secretary:

"There is no military force in the world that has proven more sensitive to civilian casualties. We are keenly aware that every battlefield where an enemy hides behind women and children is also a humanitarian field and we go out of our way to always do everything humanly possible to reduce the loss of life or injury among innocent people. The same cannot be said for our adversaries but that's up to you to sort out. Thank you very much to the press... "

9. Pull out to wide shot

STORYLINE:

Defense Secretary Jim Mattis said Monday there is "no military force in the world that has proven more sensitive to civilian casualties."

He made the comment at the Pentagon amid reports of a U-S led airstrike on Islamic State militants and equipment in Mosul, Iraq on March 17 which may have killed 100 people, including many civilians.

US officials have not confirmed reports of civilian casualties but have opened an investigation.

Mattis was responding to a reporter question during a meeting with Qatar's Defense Minister, Khalid bin Mohammed al-Attiyah.

The US Defense Secretary praised the relationship between the US and Qatar and thanked al-Attiyah for his country's hospitality and friendship towards US troops who are stationed there.

===========================================================

Clients are reminded:

(i) to check the terms of their licence agreements for use of content outside news programming and that further advice and assistance can be obtained from the AP Archive on: Tel +44 (0) 20 7482 7482 Email: info@aparchive.com

(ii) they should check with the applicable collecting society in their Territory regarding the clearance of any sound recording or performance included within the AP Television News service

(iii) they have editorial responsibility for the use of all and any content included within the AP Television News service and for libel, privacy, compliance and third party rights applicable to their Territory.

RESTRICTION SUMMARY: AP CLIENTS ONLY

SHOTLIST:

DVIDS - AP CLIENTS ONLY

Arlington, Virginia - 17 March 2017

(++AUDIO AS INCOMING++)

1. UPSOUND (English) Jim Mattis, US Defense Secretary:

"So what's on your mind, young man?"

7. UPSOUND: Reporter question, off camera:

"Mr. Secretary, are you concerned about the growing casualties in and around Mosul?"

8. SOUNDBITE (English) Jim Mattis, US Defense Secretary:

"There is no military force in the world that has proven more sensitive to civilian casualties. We are keenly aware that every battlefield where an enemy hides behind women and children is also a humanitarian field and we go out of our way to always do everything humanly possible to reduce the loss of life or injury among innocent people. The same cannot be said for our adversaries but that's up to you to sort out. Thank you very much to the press... "

9. Pull out to wide shot

STORYLINE:

Defense Secretary Jim Mattis said Monday there is "no military force in the world that has proven more sensitive to civilian casualties."

He made the comment at the Pentagon amid reports of a U-S led airstrike on Islamic State militants and equipment in Mosul, Iraq on March 17 which may have killed 100 people, including many civilians.

US officials have not confirmed reports of civilian casualties but have opened an investigation.

Mattis was responding to a reporter question during a meeting with Qatar's Defense Minister, Khalid bin Mohammed al-Attiyah.

The US Defense Secretary praised the relationship between the US and Qatar and thanked al-Attiyah for his country's hospitality and friendship towards US troops who are stationed there.

===========================================================

Clients are reminded:

(i) to check the terms of their licence agreements for use of content outside news programming and that further advice and assistance can be obtained from the AP Archive on: Tel +44 (0) 20 7482 7482 Email: info@aparchive.com

(ii) they should check with the applicable collecting society in their Territory regarding the clearance of any sound recording or performance included within the AP Television News service

(iii) they have editorial responsibility for the use of all and any content included within the AP Television News service and for libel, privacy, compliance and third party rights applicable to their Territory.

President George W. Bush discusses creation of military commissions to try suspected terrorists in the East Room of the White House

1. President G.W. Bush at podium, audience clapping

2. SOUNDBITE: (English), President George W. Bush:

Thank you. Thanks for the warm welcome. Welcome to the White House. Mr. Vice President, Secretary Rice, Attorney General Gonzales, Ambassador Negroponte, General Hayden, members of the United States Congress, families who lost loved ones in the terrorist attacks on our nation, and my fellow citizens: Thanks for coming.

On the morning of September the 11th, 2001, our nation awoke to a nightmare attack. Nineteen men, armed with box cutters, took control of airplanes and turned them into missiles. They used them to kill nearly 3,000 innocent people. We watched the Twin Towers collapse before our eyes -- and it became instantly clear that we'd entered a new world, and a dangerous new war.

The attacks of September the 11th horrified our nation. And amid the grief came new fears and urgent questions: Who had attacked us? What did they want? And what else were they planning? Americans saw the destruction the terrorists had caused in New York, and Washington, and Pennsylvania, and they wondered if there were other terrorist cells in our midst poised to strike; they wondered if there was a second wave of attacks still to come.

With the Twin Towers and the Pentagon still smoldering, our country on edge, and a stream of intelligence coming in about potential new attacks, my administration faced immediate challenges: We had to respond to the attack on our country. We had to wage an unprecedented war against an enemy unlike any we had fought before. We had to find the terrorists hiding in America and across the world, before they were able to strike our country again. So in the early days and weeks after 9/11, I directed our government's senior national security officials to do everything in their power, within our laws, to prevent another attack.

Nearly five years have passed since these -- those initial days of shock and sadness -- and we are thankful that the terrorists have not succeeded in launching another attack on our soil. This is not for the lack of desire or determination on the part of the enemy. As the recently foiled plot in London shows, the terrorists are still active, and they're still trying to strike America, and they're still trying to kill our people. One reason the terrorists have not succeeded is because of the hard work of thousands of dedicated men and women in our government, who have toiled day and night, along with our allies, to stop the enemy from carrying out their plans. And we are grateful for these hardworking citizens of ours.

Another reason the terrorists have not succeeded is because our government has changed its policies -- and given our military, intelligence, and law enforcement personnel the tools they need to fight this enemy and protect our people and preserve our freedoms.

The terrorists who declared war on America represent no nation, they defend no territory, and they wear no uniform. They do not mass armies on borders, or flotillas of warships on the high seas. They operate in the shadows of society; they send small teams of operatives to infiltrate free nations; they live quietly among their victims; they conspire in secret, and then they strike without warning. In this new war, the most important source of information on where the terrorists are hiding and what they are planning is the terrorists, themselves. Captured terrorists have unique knowledge about how terrorist networks operate. They have knowledge of where their operatives are deployed, and knowledge about what plots are underway. This intelligence -- this is intelligence that cannot be found any other place. And our security depends on getting this kind of information. To win the war on terror, we must be able to detain, question, and, when appropriate, prosecute terrorists captured here in America, and on the battlefields around the world.

After the 9/11 attacks, our coalition launched operations across the world to remove terrorist safe havens, and capture or kill terrorist operatives and leaders. Working with our allies, we've captured and detained thousands of terrorists and enemy fighters in Afghanistan, in Iraq, and other fronts of this war on terror. These enemy -- these are enemy combatants, who were waging war on our nation. We have a right under the laws of war, and we have an obligation to the American people, to detain these enemies and stop them from rejoining the battle.

Most of the enemy combatants we capture are held in Afghanistan or in Iraq, where they're questioned by our military personnel. Many are released after questioning, or turned over to local authorities -- if we determine that they do not pose a continuing threat and no longer have significant intelligence value. Others remain in American custody near the battlefield, to ensure that they don't return to the fight.

In some cases, we determine that individuals we have captured pose a significant threat, or may have intelligence that we and our allies need to have to prevent new attacks. Many are al Qaeda operatives or Taliban fighters trying to conceal their identities, and they withhold information that could save American lives. In these cases, it has been necessary to move these individuals to an environment where they can be held secretly [sic], questioned by experts, and -- when appropriate -- prosecuted for terrorist acts.

Some of these individuals are taken to the United States Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. It's important for Americans and others across the world to understand the kind of people held at Guantanamo. These aren't common criminals, or bystanders accidentally swept up on the battlefield -- we have in place a rigorous process to ensure those held at Guantanamo Bay belong at Guantanamo. Those held at Guantanamo include suspected bomb makers, terrorist trainers, recruiters and facilitators, and potential suicide bombers. They are in our custody so they cannot murder our people. One detainee held at Guantanamo told a questioner questioning him -- he said this: "I'll never forget your face. I will kill you, your brothers, your mother, and sisters."

In addition to the terrorists held at Guantanamo, a small number of suspected terrorist leaders and operatives captured during the war have been held and questioned outside the United States, in a separate program operated by the Central Intelligence Agency. This group includes individuals believed to be the key architects of the September the 11th attacks, and attacks on the USS Cole, an operative involved in the bombings of our embassies in Kenya and Tanzania, and individuals involved in other attacks that have taken the lives of innocent civilians across the world. These are dangerous men with unparalleled knowledge about terrorist networks and their plans for new attacks. The security of our nation and the lives of our citizens depend on our ability to learn what these terrorists know.

Many specifics of this program, including where these detainees have been held and the details of their confinement, cannot be divulged. Doing so would provide our enemies with information they could use to take retribution against our allies and harm our country. I can say that questioning the detainees in this program has given us information that has saved innocent lives by helping us stop new attacks -- here in the United States and across the world. Today, I'm going to share with you some of the examples provided by our intelligence community of how this program has saved lives; why it remains vital to the security of the United States, and our friends and allies; and why it deserves the support of the United States Congress and the American people.

Within months of September the 11th, 2001, we captured a man known as Abu Zubaydah. We believe that Zubaydah was a senior terrorist leader and a trusted associate of Osama bin Laden. Our intelligence community believes he had run a terrorist camp in Afghanistan where some of the 9/11 hijackers trained, and that he helped smuggle al Qaeda leaders out of Afghanistan after coalition forces arrived to liberate that country. Zubaydah was severely wounded during the firefight that brought him into custody -- and he survived only because of the medical care arranged by the CIA.

After he recovered, Zubaydah was defiant and evasive. He declared his hatred of America. During questioning, he at first disclosed what he thought was nominal information -- and then stopped all cooperation. Well, in fact, the "nominal" information he gave us turned out to be quite important. For example, Zubaydah disclosed Khalid Sheikh Mohammed -- or KSM -- was the mastermind behind the 9/11 attacks, and used the alias "Muktar." This was a vital piece of the puzzle that helped our intelligence community pursue KSM. Abu Zubaydah also provided information that helped stop a terrorist attack being planned for inside the United States -- an attack about which we had no previous information. Zubaydah told us that al Qaeda operatives were planning to launch an attack in the U.S., and provided physical descriptions of the operatives and information on their general location. Based on the information he provided, the operatives were detained -- one while traveling to the United States.

We knew that Zubaydah had more information that could save innocent lives, but he stopped talking. As his questioning proceeded, it became clear that he had received training on how to resist interrogation. And so the CIA used an alternative set of procedures. These procedures were designed to be safe, to comply with our laws, our Constitution, and our treaty obligations. The Department of Justice reviewed the authorized methods extensively and determined them to be lawful. I cannot describe the specific methods used -- I think you understand why -- if I did, it would help the terrorists learn how to resist questioning, and to keep information from us that we need to prevent new attacks on our country. But I can say the procedures were tough, and they were safe, and lawful, and necessary.

Zubaydah was questioned using these procedures, and soon he began to provide information on key al Qaeda operatives, including information that helped us find and capture more of those responsible for the attacks on September the 11th. For example, Zubaydah identified one of KSM's accomplices in the 9/11 attacks -- a terrorist named Ramzi bin al Shibh. The information Zubaydah provided helped lead to the capture of bin al Shibh. And together these two terrorists provided information that helped in the planning and execution of the operation that captured Khalid Sheikh Mohammed.

Once in our custody, KSM was questioned by the CIA using these procedures, and he soon provided information that helped us stop another planned attack on the United States. During questioning, KSM told us about another al Qaeda operative he knew was in CIA custody -- a terrorist named Majid Khan. KSM revealed that Khan had been told to deliver $50,000 to individuals working for a suspected terrorist leader named Hambali, the leader of al Qaeda's Southeast Asian affiliate known as "J-I". CIA officers confronted Khan with this information. Khan confirmed that the money had been delivered to an operative named Zubair, and provided both a physical description and contact number for this operative.

Based on that information, Zubair was captured in June of 2003, and he soon provided information that helped lead to the capture of Hambali. After Hambali's arrest, KSM was questioned again. He identified Hambali's brother as the leader of a "J-I" cell, and Hambali's conduit for communications with al Qaeda. Hambali's brother was soon captured in Pakistan, and, in turn, led us to a cell of 17 Southeast Asian "J-I" operatives. When confronted with the news that his terror cell had been broken up, Hambali admitted that the operatives were being groomed at KSM's request for attacks inside the United States -- probably [sic] using airplanes.

During questioning, KSM also provided many details of other plots to kill innocent Americans. For example, he described the design of planned attacks on buildings inside the United States, and how operatives were directed to carry them out. He told us the operatives had been instructed to ensure that the explosives went off at a point that was high enough to prevent the people trapped above from escaping out the windows.

KSM also provided vital information on al Qaeda's efforts to obtain biological weapons. During questioning, KSM admitted that he had met three individuals involved in al Qaeda's efforts to produce anthrax, a deadly biological agent -- and he identified one of the individuals as a terrorist named Yazid. KSM apparently believed we already had this information, because Yazid had been captured and taken into foreign custody before KSM's arrest. In fact, we did not know about Yazid's role in al Qaeda's anthrax program. Information from Yazid then helped lead to the capture of his two principal assistants in the anthrax program. Without the information provided by KSM and Yazid, we might not have uncovered this al Qaeda biological weapons program, or stopped this al Qaeda cell from developing anthrax for attacks against the United States.

These are some of the plots that have been stopped because of the information of this vital program. Terrorists held in CIA custody have also provided information that helped stop a planned strike on U.S. Marines at Camp Lemonier in Djibouti -- they were going to use an explosive laden water tanker. They helped stop a planned attack on the U.S. consulate in Karachi using car bombs and motorcycle bombs, and they helped stop a plot to hijack passenger planes and fly them into Heathrow or the Canary Wharf in London.

We're getting vital information necessary to do our jobs, and that's to protect the American people and our allies.

Information from the terrorists in this program has helped us to identify individuals that al Qaeda deemed suitable for Western operations, many of whom we had never heard about before. They include terrorists who were set to case targets inside the United States, including financial buildings in major cities on the East Coast. Information from terrorists in CIA custody has played a role in the capture or questioning of nearly every senior al Qaeda member or associate detained by the U.S. and its allies since this program began. By providing everything from initial leads to photo identifications, to precise locations of where terrorists were hiding, this program has helped us to take potential mass murderers off the streets before they were able to kill.

This program has also played a critical role in helping us understand the enemy we face in this war. Terrorists in this program have painted a picture of al Qaeda's structure and financing, and communications and logistics. They identified al Qaeda's travel routes and safe havens, and explained how al Qaeda's senior leadership communicates with its operatives in places like Iraq. They provided information that allows us -- that has allowed us to make sense of documents and computer records that we have seized in terrorist raids. They've identified voices in recordings of intercepted calls, and helped us understand the meaning of potentially critical terrorist communications.

The information we get from these detainees is corroborated by intelligence, and we've received -- that we've received from other sources -- and together this intelligence has helped us connect the dots and stop attacks before they occur. Information from the terrorists questioned in this program helped unravel plots and terrorist cells in Europe and in other places. It's helped our allies protect their people from deadly enemies. This program has been, and remains, one of the most vital tools in our war against the terrorists. It is invaluable to America and to our allies. Were it not for this program, our intelligence community believes that al Qaeda and its allies would have succeeded in launching another attack against the American homeland. By giving us information about terrorist plans we could not get anywhere else, this program has saved innocent lives.

This program has been subject to multiple legal reviews by the Department of Justice and CIA lawyers; they've determined it complied with our laws. This program has received strict oversight by the CIA's Inspector General. A small number of key leaders from both political parties on Capitol Hill were briefed about this program. All those involved in the questioning of the terrorists are carefully chosen and they're screened from a pool of experienced CIA officers. Those selected to conduct the most sensitive questioning had to complete more than 250 additional hours of specialized training before they are allowed to have contact with a captured terrorist.

I want to be absolutely clear with our people, and the world: The United States does not torture. It's against our laws, and it's against our values. I have not authorized it -- and I will not authorize it. Last year, my administration worked with Senator John McCain, and I signed into law the Detainee Treatment Act, which established the legal standard for treatment of detainees wherever they are held. I support this act. And as we implement this law, our government will continue to use every lawful method to obtain intelligence that can protect innocent people, and stop another attack like the one we experienced on September the 11th, 2001.

The CIA program has detained only a limited number of terrorists at any given time -- and once we've determined that the terrorists held by the CIA have little or no additional intelligence value, many of them have been returned to their home countries for prosecution or detention by their governments. Others have been accused of terrible crimes against the American people, and we have a duty to bring those responsible for these crimes to justice. So we intend to prosecute these men, as appropriate, for their crimes.

Soon after the war on terror began, I authorized a system of military commissions to try foreign terrorists accused of war crimes. Military commissions have been used by Presidents from George Washington to Franklin Roosevelt to prosecute war criminals, because the rules for trying enemy combatants in a time of conflict must be different from those for trying common criminals or members of our own military. One of the first suspected terrorists to be put on trial by military commission was one of Osama bin Laden's bodyguards -- a man named Hamdan. His lawyers challenged the legality of the military commission system. It took more than two years for this case to make its way through the courts. The Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit upheld the military commissions we had designed, but this past June, the Supreme Court overturned that decision. The Supreme Court determined that military commissions are an appropriate venue for trying terrorists, but ruled that military commissions needed to be explicitly authorized by the United States Congress.

So today, I'm sending Congress legislation to specifically authorize the creation of military commissions to try terrorists for war crimes. My administration has been working with members of both parties in the House and Senate on this legislation. We put forward a bill that ensures these commissions are established in a way that protects our national security, and ensures a full and fair trial for those accused. The procedures in the bill I am sending to Congress today reflect the reality that we are a nation at war, and that it's essential for us to use all reliable evidence to bring these people to justice.

We're now approaching the five-year anniversary of the 9/11 attacks -- and the families of those murdered that day have waited patiently for justice. Some of the families are with us today -- they should have to wait no longer. So I'm announcing today that Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, Abu Zubaydah, Ramzi bin al-Shibh, and 11 other terrorists in CIA custody have been transferred to the United States Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay. (Applause.) They are being held in the custody of the Department of Defense. As soon as Congress acts to authorize the military commissions I have proposed, the men our intelligence officials believe orchestrated the deaths of nearly 3,000 Americans on September the 11th, 2001, can face justice. (Applause.)

We'll also seek to prosecute those believed to be responsible for the attack on the USS Cole, and an operative believed to be involved in the bombings of the American embassies in Kenya and Tanzania. With these prosecutions, we will send a clear message to those who kill Americans: No longer -- how long it takes, we will find you and we will bring you to justice. (Applause.)

These men will be held in a high-security facility at Guantanamo. The International Committee of the Red Cross is being advised of their detention, and will have the opportunity to meet with them. Those charged with crimes will be given access to attorneys who will help them prepare their defense -- and they will be presumed innocent. While at Guantanamo, they will have access to the same food, clothing, medical care, and opportunities for worship as other detainees. They will be questioned subject to the new U.S. Army Field Manual, which the Department of Defense is issuing today. And they will continue to be treated with the humanity that they denied others.

As we move forward with the prosecutions, we will continue to urge nations across the world to take back their nationals at Guantanamo who will not be prosecuted by our military commissions. America has no interest in being the world's jailer. But one of the reasons we have not been able to close Guantanamo is that many countries have refused to take back their nationals held at the facility. Other countries have not provided adequate assurances that their nationals will not be mistreated -- or they will not return to the battlefield, as more than a dozen people released from Guantanamo already have. We will continue working to transfer individuals held at Guantanamo, and ask other countries to work with us in this process. And we will move toward the day when we can eventually close the detention facility at Guantanamo Bay.

I know Americans have heard conflicting information about Guantanamo. Let me give you some facts. Of the thousands of terrorists captured across the world, only about 770 have ever been sent to Guantanamo. Of these, about 315 have been returned to other countries so far -- and about 455 remain in our custody. They are provided the same quality of medical care as the American service members who guard them. The International Committee of the Red Cross has the opportunity to meet privately with all who are held there. The facility has been visited by government officials from more than 30 countries, and delegations from international organizations, as well. After the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe came to visit, one of its delegation members called Guantanamo "a model prison" where people are treated better than in prisons in his own country. Our troops can take great pride in the work they do at Guantanamo Bay -- and so can the American people.

As we prosecute suspected terrorist leaders and operatives who have now been transferred to Guantanamo, we'll continue searching for those who have stepped forward to take their places. This nation is going to stay on the offense to protect the American people. We will continue to bring the world's most dangerous terrorists to justice -- and we will continue working to collect the vital intelligence we need to protect our country.

SHOTLIST:

++ VIDEO 4:3 PILLARBOXED ++

AP Television

Berlin, Germany - 31 December, 1945

1. Various Russian archive showing Russian victory in the Battle for Berlin

++ ORIGINAL VIDEO 16:9 ++

AP Television

Kiev, Ukraine - May 5, 2011

2. Close of poster showing Yevgeni Khaldei in the WWII Museum in Kiev, Ukraine

3. Close of photo showing "Raising the Soviet Flag over the Reichstag" taken on May 2, 1945

4. Close of photo showing the Soviet flag over Berlin

5. Close of the Soviet flag over the Brandenburg Gate

6. Wide of World War II veterans visiting the exhibition of Khaldei's photos

7. Close of photo showing victory parade in Moscow - June 24, 1945

8. Close of photo showing victory parade in Moscow - June 24, 1945

9. Close of photo showing victory parade in Moscow - June 24, 1945

10. SOUNDBITE: (Russian) Ivan Nechaev, WWII veteran +++AUDIO AS INCOMING+++

"Our victory over the Nazi troops cost us an expensive price. It was 1,418 days and nights that a bloody battle last to free humanity from the Nazi plague."

11. Close of photo showing people listening to the radio on the first day of war against the Soviet Union on June 22, 1941

12. Close of photo showing Nazi aircraft bombing the northern Soviet Union in 1941

13. Close of photo showing Soviet troops on a raid in 1941

14. Mid of visitors looking at the exhibition

15. Close zoom to photo showing the Potsdam conference in 1945 with Josef Stalin in the centre

16. Close of photo showing Potsdam Conference with (left to right) Winston Churchill, Harry Truman, Josef Stalin

++ VIDEO 4:3 PILLARBOXED ++

AP Television

Berlin, Germany - 31 December, 1945

17. Various Russian archive showing Russian victory in the Battle for Berlin

++ ORIGINAL VIDEO 16:9 ++

18. SOUNDBITE: (Russian) Yuri Shilovtsev, WWII veteran +++AUDIO AS INCOMING+++

"As a soldier of the Great Patriotic War, I would like to tell you three things. A photographer at war differs from a photographer in peace. A war photographer should be in the place where he might be killed and he had to take a picture that will remain in the future as a memory to those who were killed. Yevgeni Khaldei was a photographer of that kind."

19. Close of photo showing the Soviet delegation headed by Georgiy Zhukov prior to signing capitulation pact with fascist Germany on May 8, 1945 in Berlin outskirts

20. Close of a photo showing a ceremony of signing the capitulation pact with fascist Germany on May 8, 1945, photographer Robert Capa on far right

21. Close of a photo showing British military leader Bernard Law Montgomery (centre) with Soviet military leader Georgiy Zhukov (second left) near the Brandenburg Gates in Berlin, May 1945

22. Close of a photo showing US General Dwight David Eisenhower (right) and Georgiy Zhukov during a meeting at Berlin airport on June 6, 1945

23. Mid of a visitor at the exhibition taking photos

24. Close of a photo showing German prisoners of war in Berlin, May 1945

25. Close of a photo showing two Berlin residents on the city's ruined streets

26. Close of a photo showing a ruined square in Berlin, May 1945

27. SOUNDBITE: (Russian) Anna Khaldei, Yevgeni Khaldei's daughter +++AUDIO AS INCOMING+++

"This is the first exhibition of the kind in the entire Soviet Union. I am happy it happened."

28. Mid of a young girl looking at a photo at the exhibition

29. Close of two jews in Budapest, Hungary in 1945.

30. Mid of a visitor looking at the exhibition.

31. Close of a photo showing the Nuremberg War Crimes Trials in Germany, November 1945.

32. Close of a photo showing Nuremberg War Crimes Trial in Germany with Nazi Herman Goering

33. Close of a photo showing Nuremberg War Crimes Trial in Germany with Wilhelm Keitel, head of the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht

34. SOUNDBITE: (Russian) Oleksiy Sheremetyev, organiser of the exhibition

"This is four of Germany's supreme military commanders, including Karl D�nitz and Herman Goering. When Khaldei approached Goering to take a photo, Goering, seeing the Soviet photographer, started shouting 'Russian pig' at him. A US guard told him to shut up, but Goering did not, and the guard beat him with a rubber stick."

35. Close of photo showing Karl D�nitz (right) Herman Goering, (left) Alfred Rosenberg (back left) eating a prison meal in Nuremberg

36. Close of a photo showing Herman Goering talking to his lawyer in Nuremberg

37. Close of a photo showing Herman Goering on trial in Nuremberg

38. Wide exterior of a World War II memorial in Kiev

39. Mid exterior of a World War II memorial in Kiev

++ VIDEO 4:3 PILLARBOXED ++

AP Television - No Access Russia

Moscow, Russia - June 24, 1945

40. Wide of soldiers marching reverse shot

41. Mid of Soviet officials, Joseph Stalin is second on the left, at Mausoleum

42. Wide of Red Square

43. Close up of Nazi flags thrown by soldiers

44. Close up the same

45. Various of fireworks and people celebrating

LEAD IN:

To coincide with Victory Day celebrations, a new exhibition has opened in Kiev's National Museum of the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945.

The exhibition showcases the work of Yevgeni Khaldei the Soviet's most famous war photographer and the man behind the iconic Soviet flag over the Reichstag image.

STORYLINE:

The victorious Soviet army at the Battle for Berlin. Vicious hand-to-hand fighting raged through the streets of the German capital.

The battle also marked the fall of the Nazi regime in Germany and May 9 is still celebrated as Victory Day.

To mark this year's Victory Day a photographic exhibition opens in the Ukrainian capital of Kiev, celebrating the work of one of the war's most famous photographers - Yevgeni Khaldei.

This poster shows one of the few images of Yevgeni Khaldei.

His face might not be familiar but his work on the other side of the lens is. Here he stands in front of his most iconic photo - the Soviet flag being hoisted over the ruined German Reichstag building.

For many, this photo symbolises Soviet victory over Nazi Germany.

On May 2, 1945 Khaldei was in the right place at the right time to capture the image that became known as "Raising the Soviet Flag over the Reichstag".

But it nearly didn't come about.

Only the day before Yevgeni was in Moscow at the VIP restaurant of the Russian news agency TASS.

Discussing his next assignment in Berlin, he remembered Joe Rosenthal's famous picture of American GIs raising a flag at Iwo Jima after the island was taken by US troops.

Grabbing a red tablecloth he rushed to his friend, a Jewish tailor, who used the material to make three soviet flags.

The next morning Khaldei was back in Berlin where he took several pictures in various locations before ending up at the Reichstag with his last flag. The image he recorded of that symbol of Russian victory went global.

But Khaldei's career represented more than just a single image and this exhibition brings many of his wartime portfolio to the public for the first time.

Many of those visiting the exhibition are World War II veterans, for whom the photos hold a deep, personal significance.

Veteran Ivan Nechaev says: "Our victory over the Nazi troops cost us an expensive price. It was 1,418 days and nights that a bloody battle last to free humanity from the Nazi plague."

"As a soldier of the Great Patriotic War, I would like to tell you three things. A photographer at war differs from a photographer in peace. A war photographer should be in the place where he might be killed and he had to take a picture that will remain in the future as a memory to those who were killed. Yevgeni Khaldei was a photographer of this kind," says Yuri Shilovtsev, a fellow veteran.

The photographer dedicated his life to his art and his coverage of 60 years of the USSR reveals a collection that deservedly occupies a prime place in photographic history.

Khaldei was born in the Ukraine in 1917 in the city of Ioussovlak (now Donetsk).

The following year, during a pogrom - a mob attack on a minority, usually Jewish - he was shot in the lung by the same bullet which killed his mother.

He survived and, as a child, became interested in photography through looking at magazines such as Ogoniok, the major news publication of the time.

He built his first camera using a cardboard box and his grandmother's reading glasses.

Years later, in the 1930s his ambition to become a photojournalist was realised when he took a job with the TASS agency.

Khaldei was taking photos throughout the war.

This photo on the streets of Moscow shows an anxious public in the streets listening for radio announcements about the start of war with Germany.

Another dramatic photo from the early years in the war shows the risks Khaldei took. Here he braves the bombs to get this surreal photo of a stag caught in the middle of a German air raid.

After the war Khaldei's photograph's record the post war treaties and its major players - here Josef Stalin poses with British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and American President Harry Truman.

He also photographed allied war generals British Field Marshall Bernard Montgomery and US General Dwight David Eisenhower with Soviet marshal Georgiy Zhukov.

His war photography represents the highest point of his career but Khaldei's Jewish background presented him with considerable personal difficulties.

During the war, German fascists killed his father and three sisters.

Even after the war, in 1949, the anti-semitism of the Soviet regime cost him his position at TASS and for 10 years he was able only to photograph the activities of the Soviet youth movement.

Nevertheless Khaldei remained a patriot all his life and never became a dissident.

Anna Khaldei, Yevgeni Khaldei's daughter, visits the exhibition on its opening day.

She is pleased her father's work is being honoured at the museum.

"This is the first exhibition of the kind in the entire Soviet Union. I am happy it happened," she says.

The little that was generally known of Khaldei's work for many years was his war pictures with their strict framing and concentration on perspective and foreground. His pictures are still used today to teach news photographers, particularly the art of framing.

The other part of his work, far from war and representing an invaluable record of life in Soviet times, confirms just how important Khaldei was for photography and how much he deserves the recognition that came late in his career.

Oleksiy Sheremetyev, organiser of the exhibition explains the story behind one of Khaldei's photos.

"This is four of Germany's supreme military commanders, including Karl D�nitz and Herman Goering. When Khaldei approached Goering to take a photo, Goering, seeing the Soviet photographer, started shouting 'Russian pig' at him. A US guard told him to shut up, but Goering did not, and the guard beat him with a rubber stick."

These scenes in Moscow's Red Square from 1945 show the joy at the end of the war in the Russian capital.

Stalin watches over his victorious army on celebratory parade, Nazi flags are thrown to the ground, and fireworks fill the night sky.

Victory Day is still celebrated across the former Soviet Union on May 9.

Yevgeni died in 1997 in Moscow at the age of 80.

The exhibition opened in Kiev on May 5 and runs until June 20.

Avdiivka, Eastern Ukraine - 24 August 2015

1. Ukrainian flag flying in front of window covered with sandbags

2. Exploded bridge

3. Ukrainian armoured personnel carrier

4. Various of Ukrainian soldiers preparing for battle

5. SOUNDBITE (Ukrainian) Roman Pikulyk, Ukrainian army platoon commander:

"Today is Independence Day, 24th of August, a happy day for Ukrainians, however it's a normal day for us here on the frontline in Donbass. Yesterday was artillery and automatic guns fighting, today we are expecting even more, but we are ready. My heart longs for celebration, but here the holiday feels different, because when you're at war every day it is a miracle when you have survived. Thank God there are not many injured and everybody is alive."

6. Various of Ukrainian soldiers firing toward positions of Russia-backed rebels

7. Ukrainian soldiers fixing a "Maxim" machine gun (World War I-era weapon)

8. Various of incoming fire, explosions

9. Various of soldier in dug out position, firing weapon

10. SOUNDBITE (Ukrainian) "Taiga", Ukrainian army battalion commander: ++AUDIO: GUNFIRE++

"We haven't seen them. What is written in those (ceasefire) agreements? Surely there should be agreements, nobody wants war. But if there are agreements from one side and cannon fire from another? Take a few days ago, the whole horizon was bright from artillery fire." AUDIO: Radio, gunfire.

11. Ukrainian soldiers using "Maxim" machine gun

Avdiivka, Eastern Ukraine - 24 August 2015

1. Ukrainian flag flying in front of window covered with sandbags

2. Exploded bridge

3. Ukrainian armoured personnel carrier

4. Various of Ukrainian soldiers preparing for battle

5. SOUNDBITE (Ukrainian) Roman Pikulyk, Ukrainian army platoon commander:

"Today is Independence Day, 24th of August, a happy day for Ukrainians, however it's a normal day for us here on the frontline in Donbass. Yesterday was artillery and automatic guns fighting, today we are expecting even more, but we are ready. My heart longs for celebration, but here the holiday feels different, because when you're at war every day it is a miracle when you have survived. Thank God there are not many injured and everybody is alive."

6. Various of Ukrainian soldiers firing toward positions of Russia-backed rebels

7. Ukrainian soldiers fixing a "Maxim" machine gun (World War I-era weapon)

8. Various of incoming fire, explosions

9. Various of soldier in dug out position, firing weapon

10. SOUNDBITE (Ukrainian) "Taiga", Ukrainian army battalion commander: ++AUDIO: GUNFIRE++

"We haven't seen them. What is written in those (ceasefire) agreements? Surely there should be agreements, nobody wants war. But if there are agreements from one side and cannon fire from another? Take a few days ago, the whole horizon was bright from artillery fire." AUDIO: Radio, gunfire.

11. Ukrainian soldiers using "Maxim" machine gun

Ukrainian soldiers fighting Russia-backed rebels on the frontline in Avdiivka felt far away from Ukraine's Independence Day celebrations on Monday.

The conflict in the east, which has claimed more than 6,800 lives since it began in April 2014, saw a major increase in violence last week with nine civilians and soldiers killed in just one day.

The press office of the Ukrainian military operation in the east said on Monday the rebels violated the cease-fire 82 times overnight, in some cases with large-calibre weapons that should have been withdrawn in line with a truce signed in February.

The presidents of Ukraine, France and Germany are meeting this evening in Berlin to discuss a peaceful solution to the crisis.

Moscow is not sending its representative to Berlin but said it would watch the meeting closely.

A black and a silver van entered the back entrance of the International Criminal Tribunal for former Yugoslavia (ICTY) on Wednesday, bringing former Bosnian Serb military commander General Ratko Mladic for trial.

Twenty years after Serb forces unleashed a brutal campaign of ethnic cleansing in Bosnia, Mladic, their military commander, is finally going on trial on charges of masterminding atrocities throughout the country's devastating 1992-95 war.

Mladic has been charged by the UN tribunal with 11charges of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes, including the massacre of some 8,000 Muslim men in the Srebrenica enclave in 1995, the worst mass murder in Europe since World War II.

The ailing 70-year-old Mladic's appearance at the Yugoslav war crimes tribunal marks the end of a long wait for justice for survivors of the 1992-95 war that left some 100-thousand people dead.

The trial is also a landmark for the UN court and international justice - Mladic is the last suspect from the Bosnian war to go on trial here.

Mladic has refused to enter pleas, but he denies wrongdoing, saying he acted to defend Serbs in Bosnia.

If he is convicted, he faces a maximum sentence of life imprisonment.

He suffered a stroke while in hiding and has suffered other health problems since arriving in The Hague.

He now looks little like the burly, swaggering general who marshalled his troops as the world watched during the Bosnian war.

Mladic was arrested in a village near Belgrade in May 2011, ending 15 years as one of the world's most-wanted fugitives.

1. Wide of a black van and a silver van driving down road and through the gate of back entrance of International Criminal tribunal for former Yugoslavia (ICTY)

2. Mid shot of security at gate

3. Wide exterior of rear of court building

SHOTLIST

1. Sri Lankan President President Mahinda Rajapaksa arriving at ceremony

2. Cutaway of media and officials

3. Rajapaksa greeting Defence Minister Gotabhaya Rajapaksa

4. Chief of Defence Staff Air Marshal Donald Perera salutes Rajapaksa

5. Mid of Army Chief Lieutenant General Sarath Fonseka walks into ceremony

6. Fonseka shakes hands with and then salutes Rajapaksa

7. Various of Vice Admiral Wasantha Karannagoda greeting Rajapaksa

8. Cutaway of media

9. Rajapaksa shaking hands with Air Vice Marshal Roshan Gunatillake

10. Cutaway of official

11. Inspector General of Police Jayantha Wickramaratne shaking hands with Rajapaksa

12. Rajapaksa and officials walking off to meeting

13. Various of meeting

14. Rajapaksa getting up from meeting

15. Various of cake being cut and eaten

STORYLINE

The Sri Lankan president and his senior military officials late on Monday celebrated their victory over the Tamil Tiger rebels at a special ceremony at the president's office in the capital, Colombo.

Earlier in the day, the government declared it had crushed the Tamil Tiger rebels, killing their chief, Velupillai Prabhakaran, and ending his three-decade quest for an independent homeland for minority Tamils.

State television broke into its regular programming to announce Prabhakaran's death and the government information department sent a text message to mobile phones across the country confirming he was killed along with top deputies Soosai and Pottu Amman.

The announcement sparked mass celebrations around the country and people poured into the streets of Colombo dancing and singing.

Many see Prabhakaran's death as crucial to bringing closure to the war-wracked Indian Ocean island nation.

Analysts believe that if he had escaped from the war zone, he could have used his large international smuggling network and the support of Tamil expatriates to spark a new round of rebel warfare here.

However, his death in battle could still turn him into a martyr for other Tamil separatists.

While Velupillai Prabhakaran was a hero to some, his group was branded a "terrorist organisation" by the US and European Union and was accused of waging hundreds of suicide attacks, including the 1991 assassination of former Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi by a female bomber.

The rebels also forcibly recruited child soldiers.

President Mahinda Rajapaksa confirmed Prabhakaran's death in a phone call to India's External Affairs Minister Pranab Mukherjee, Indian foreign affairs spokesman Vishnu Prakash said in a statement on Monday.

Senior Sri Lankan military officials said troops closed in on Prabhakaran and his final cadre early on Monday.

He and his top deputies then drove an armour-plated van accompanied by a bus filled with rebel fighters toward approaching forces, sparking a two-hour firefight, according to the officials, who were speaking on condition of anonymity because they were not authorised to speak to the media.

Troops eventually fired a rocket at the van, ending the battle, they said.

In addition to Prabhakaran, the attack also killed Soosai, the head of the rebels' naval wing, and Pottu Amman, the group's feared intelligence commander, the officials said.

A Sri Lankan military spokesman on Monday said troops had also found the body of Prabhakaran's eldest son, Charles Anthony, who was reportedly also a leader of the rebel group.

Prabhakaran has three children and Charles Anthony, named after a rebel leader who died earlier in the war, was the only one thought to be fighting along with his father.

The chubby, moustachioed Prabhakaran turned what was little more than a street gang in the late 1970s into one of the world's most feared insurgencies.

He demanded unwavering loyalty and gave his followers vials of cyanide to wear around their necks and bite into in case of capture.

The rebels demanded a separate state for minority Tamils after years of marginalisation at the hands of the Sinhalese majority.

Full-fledged war broke out in 1983 after the rebels killed 13 soldiers in an ambush, sparking anti-Tamil riots that human rights groups say killed as many as 2,000 people.

By the time the war ended, more than 70,000 had been killed.

Government forces ousted the rebels from their strongholds in the north in recent months and brought the group to its knees.

Thousands of civilians were reportedly killed in the recent fighting.

The UN said 7,000 civilians were killed in the fighting between January 20 and May 7.

Health officials in the area said more than a 1,000 others were killed since then.

Senior diplomats had appealed for a humanitarian cease-fire in recent weeks to safeguard the tens of thousands of civilians trapped in the war zone, but the government refused, and denied persistent reports it was shelling the densely populated war zone.

Diplomats in Brussels on Monday said the European Union would endorse a call for an independent war crimes investigation into the killing of civilians in Sri Lanka.

The diplomats spoke on condition of anonymity because discussions were ongoing.

The rebels were also accused of using the civilians as human shields and shooting at some who fled.

TAPE NUMBER: OA 201

DATELINE: March 26, 2010 Washington DC

James S. Brady Press Briefing Room

10:47 A.M. EDT

10:53 A.M. EDT

THE PRESIDENT: Good morning, everybody. I just concluded a productive phone call with President Medvedev. And I'm pleased to announce that after a year of intense negotiations, the United States and Russia have agreed to the most comprehensive arms control agreement in nearly two decades.

Since taking office, one of my highest priorities has been addressing the threat posed by nuclear weapons to the American people. And that's why, last April in Prague, I stated America's intention to pursue the peace and security of a world without nuclear weapons, a goal that's been embraced by Presidents like John F. Kennedy and Ronald Reagan.

While this aspiration will not be reached in the near future, I put forward a comprehensive agenda to pursue it -- to stop the spread of these weapons; to secure vulnerable nuclear materials from terrorists; and to reduce nuclear arsenals. A fundamental part of that effort was the negotiation of a new Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty with Russia.

Furthermore, since I took office, I've been committed to a "reset" of our relationship with Russia. When the United States and Russia can cooperate effectively, it advances the mutual interests of our two nations, and the security and prosperity of the wider world. We've so far already worked together on Afghanistan. We've coordinated our economic efforts through the G20. We are working together to pressure Iran to meet its international obligations. And today, we have reached agreement on one of my administration's top national security priorities -- a pivotal new arms control agreement.

In many ways, nuclear weapons represent both the darkest days of the Cold War, and the most troubling threats of our time. Today, we've taken another step forward by -- in leaving behind the legacy of the 20th century while building a more secure future for our children. We've turned words into action. We've made progress that is clear and concrete. And we've demonstrated the importance of American leadership -- and American partnership -- on behalf of our own security, and the world's.

Broadly speaking, the new START treaty makes progress in several areas. It cuts -- by about a third -- the nuclear weapons that the United States and Russia will deploy. It significantly reduces missiles and launchers. It puts in place a strong and effective verification regime. And it maintains the flexibility that we need to protect and advance our national security, and to guarantee our unwavering commitment to the security of our allies.

With this agreement, the United States and Russia -- the two largest nuclear powers in the world -- also send a clear signal that we intend to lead. By upholding our own commitments under the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, we strengthen our global efforts to stop the spread of these weapons, and to ensure that other nations meet their own responsibilities.

I'm pleased that almost one year to the day after my last trip to Prague, the Czech Republic -- a close friend and ally of the United States -- has agreed to host President Medvedev and me on April 8th, as we sign this historic treaty. The following week, I look forward to hosting leaders from over 40 nations here in Washington, as we convene a summit to address how we can secure vulnerable nuclear materials so that they never fall into the hands of terrorists. And later this spring, the world will come together in New York to discuss how we can build on this progress, and continue to strengthen the global non-proliferation regime.

Through all these efforts, cooperation between the United States and Russia will be essential. I want to thank President Medvedev for his personal and sustained leadership as we worked through this agreement. We've had the opportunity to meet many times over the last year, and we both agree that we can serve the interests of our people through close cooperation.

I also want to thank my national security team, who did so much work to make this day possible. That includes the leaders with me here today -- Secretary Clinton, Secretary Gates, and Admiral Mullen. And it includes a tireless negotiating team. It took patience. It took perseverance. But we never gave up. And as a result, the United States will be more secure, and the American people will be safer.

Finally, I look forward to continuing to work closely with Congress in the months ahead. There is a long tradition of bipartisan leadership on arms control. Presidents of both parties have recognized the necessity of securing and reducing these weapons. Statesmen like George Shultz, Sam Nunn, Henry Kissinger, and Bill Perry have been outspoken in their support of more assertive action. Earlier this week, I met with my friends John Kerry and Dick Lugar to discuss this treaty, and throughout the morning, my administration will be consulting senators -- my administration will be consulting senators from both parties as we prepare for what I hope will be a strong, bipartisan support to ratify the new START treaty.

With that, I'm going to leave you in the able hands of my Secretary of State, Hillary Clinton, as well as Secretary of Defense Gates and Joint Chief of Staff Chairman Mike Mullen. So I want to thank all of you for your attention.

Hillary.

SECRETARY CLINTON: Well, thank you all very much. This is a good day for America and our security. And as President Obama just reiterated, it is one of the highest priorities of the Obama administration to pursue an agenda to reduce the threat posed by the deadliest weapons the world has ever known. President Obama set that forth in his speech at Prague last year. And today, he and President Medvedev reached an agreement to make significant and verifiable reductions in our nuclear arsenals.

Long after the Cold War's end, the United States and Russia still possess more than 90 percent of the world's nuclear weapons. We do not need such large arsenals to protect our nation and our allies against the two greatest dangers we face today: nuclear proliferation and terrorism.

This treaty represents a significant step forward in our cooperation with Russia. We were committed from the beginning to reset the U.S.-Russia relationship, because we saw it as essential to making progress on our top priorities -- from counterterrorism, to nuclear security and non-proliferation.

Now, we will continue to have disagreements with our Russian friends. But this treaty is an example of deep and substantive cooperation on a matter of vital importance. And more broadly, it shows that patient, principled diplomacy can advance our national interests by producing real results, in this case results that are good for us, good for Russia, and good for global security and stability.

The treaty also shows the world -- particularly states like Iran and North Korea -- that one of our top priorities is to strengthen the global non-proliferation regime and keep nuclear materials out of the wrong hands. The new START treaty demonstrates our commitment to making progress toward disarmament under the nuclear non-proliferation treaty, the so-called NPT.

So as we uphold our commitments and strengthen the NPT, we can hold others accountable to do the same. I know that Secretary Gates and Admiral Mullen will say more about the details of the treaty, but I want to make clear that we have adhered to the Russian proverb that President Reagan frequently employed, "trust, but verify." Verification provides the transparency and builds the trust needed to reduce the chance for misunderstandings and miscalculations.

President Obama insisted on a whole of government effort to reach this result, and that's exactly what this was. He and President Medvedev met several times and spoke often by phone. Secretary Gates, Admiral Mullen, General Jones worked closely with their Russian counterparts. Foreign Minister Lavrov and I met in person, most recently last week in Moscow, and we spoke on the phone too many times to count. Assistant Secretary Rose Gottemoeller worked tirelessly in Geneva for many months as our chief negotiator. Under Secretary Ellen Tauscher, who is here with us, joined her at a crucial time to help complete the agreement, assisted very ably by our State Department expert team, including Jim Timbie. Teams of people at the State Department, the White House, DOD, elsewhere worked tirelessly to make this happen.

Let me conclude by saying that I look forward to working with my former colleagues in the Senate. They will be our partners in this enterprise. I know President Obama had an excellent meeting, as he reported to you, with both Senators Kerry and Lugar. And Rose, Ellen and General Jones and others of us have briefed members along the way. I look forward to working toward ratification to bring this treaty into force.

Now it's my great pleasure and honor to turn the podium over to my friend, Secretary Bob Gates.

SECRETARY GATES: This treaty strengthens nuclear stability. It will reduce the number of strategic nuclear weapons that both Russia and the United States are permitted to deploy by a third, and maintains an effective verification regime.

America's nuclear arsenal remains an important pillar of the U.S. defense posture, both to deter potential adversaries and to reassure more than two dozen allies and partners who rely on our nuclear umbrella for their security.

But it is clear that we can accomplish these goals with fewer nuclear weapons. The reductions in this treaty will not affect the strength of our nuclear triad. Nor does this treaty limit plans to protect the United States and our allies by improving and deploying missile defense systems.

Much of the analysis that supported the U.S. negotiating position was provided by the Defense Department's nuclear posture review, which will be released shortly.

As the number of weapons declines we will have to invest more heavily in our nuclear infrastructure in order to keep our weapons safe, secure and effective.

I look forward to working with the Congress to make sure that Departments of Defense and Energy have the funding necessary to properly accomplish this mission.

The subject of America's nuclear deterrent and this treaty carries special personal meaning for me. My professional career began as a junior Air Force Officer under the Strategic Air Command, and my first assignment 43 years ago was at Whiteman Air Force Base, then home to 150 Minuteman ICBMs. Since 1971, I have been involved in strategic arms negotiations in different capacities at CIA and here at the NSC. And I particularly recall the day President Reagan signed the Intermediate Range Nuclear Treaty, which marked the transition from arms control to disarmament. That process accelerated with START and reaches another important milestone with this treaty.

The journey we have taken from being one misstep away from mutual assured destruction to the substantial arms reductions of this new agreement is testimony to just how much the world has changed and all of the opportunities we still have to make our planet safer and more secure.

Admiral Mullen.

ADMIRAL MULLEN: Good morning, everyone. I would only like to add that I, the Vice Chairman, and the Joint Chiefs, as well as our combatant commanders around the world, stand solidly behind this new treaty, having had the opportunity to provide our counsel, to make our recommendations, and to help shape the final agreements.

We greatly appreciate the trust and confidence placed by us -- placed in us by the President and by Secretary Gates throughout this process. And we recognize the trust and confidence this treaty helps foster in our relationship with Russia's military -- a trust complementary to that which the President has sought to achieve between our two countries.

Indeed, I met with my Russian counterpart, General Makarov, no fewer than three times during the negotiation process. And each time we met, we grew closer not only toward our portion of the final result, but also toward a better understanding of the common challenges and opportunities our troops face every single day.

The new START deals directly with some of the most lethal of those common challenges -- our stockpiles of strategic nuclear weapons -- by dramatically reducing these stockpiles. This treaty achieves a proper balance more in keeping with today's security environment, reducing tensions even as it bolsters non-proliferation efforts. It features a much more effective, transparent verification method that demands quicker data exchanges and notifications. It protects our ability to develop a conventional global strike capability should that be required. And perhaps more critically, it allows us to deploy and maintain strategic nuclear forces -- bombers, submarines, missiles; the triad which has proven itself over the decades -- in ways best suited to meeting our security commitments.

In other words, through the trust it engenders, the cuts it requires, and the flexibility it preserves this treaty enhances our ability to do that which we have been charged to do: protect and defend the citizens of the United States. I am as confident in its success as I am in its safeguards.

Thank you.

MR. GIBBS: All right, guys. We're going to take three or four questions here and then let these guys get back to work.

Yes, sir.

Q Quickly for Secretary Clinton, how confident are you of early ratification in the Senate? And if I may ask, Secretary Gates, you mentioned no limits on missile defense. Do you foresee, in the future, engaging with Russia more broadly in any kind of limitations on U.S. missile defense?

SECRETARY CLINTON: Well, Bob, let me say that we are focused on ratification. We're working hard. We're going to engage deeply and broadly with all of the members of the Senate. And we're also informing members of the House as well. I'm not going to set any timetables, but we're confident that we'll be able to make the case for ratification.

In fact, I think if you look at the last three major nuclear arms treaties, the SORT Treaty of 2003, 95-0; START I Treaty, 1992, 93-6; the INF Treaty, 1988, 93-5. So I think when it comes to the goals of this treaty, and as both Bob and Mike outlined the great balance that it strikes -- there should be very broad bipartisan support.

SECRETARY GATES: I would say that we will continue to try and engage the Russians as partners in this process. One of the technical benefits of the phased adaptive approach that the President announced last year is that it actually makes it easier to connect the Russian radars and capabilities to those in Europe. So we think that there's still broad opportunity to not only engage the Russians, but hopefully make them a participant in a European-wide defense capability.

MR. GIBBS: Jeff.

Q Thank you. For Secretary Clinton, first of all, do you believe these reductions are enough? And, second, could you expand a little bit more on what this means for the U.S.-Russia relationship? Is the reset complete?

SECRETARY CLINTON: Well, Jeff, I think that this was, in and of itself a major achievement in our relationship. And equally importantly, it builds to that foundation of trust and confidence that we are establishing between the United States and Russia. This is a very complex relationship, and it's one that we have given a great deal of attention to from the President all the way through the national security team, because we believe that there are so many other areas of mutual cooperation that we can pursue.

Bob mentioned one: We continue to look for ways to engage with Russia on missile defense in a way that is mutually beneficial and protective of our country's security against these new threats we face in the world.

But our relationship coming out of the bi-national commission that President Obama and President Medvedev announced last summer has covered so much ground. And we'd be glad to give you all an in-depth briefing on that because I think it demonstrates that we're not just talking about the big ticket items -- like START, like Iran sanctions, like European security, like missile defense -- we're back in the business of trying to create more people-to-people contacts and more business investment opportunities. So we are very committed and we're going to continue to work together on it.

Q One for the Russian press?

MR. GIBBS: Yes.

Q Thank you. And thanks for doing this and congratulations on your success. I wanted to ask, you are facing a difficult task of convincing the U.S. Congress to ratify the treaty. And the Russians will face the same task. So I assume the process was bilateral, mutually beneficial. Please tell me how the Russian interests were taken into account in the negotiations and final documents.

SECRETARY CLINTON: Well, obviously, the Russian leadership will be in the best position to speak to the Russian interests and how those were met. But what we both believed as we went through this difficult negotiation was that cutting our arsenals by 30 percent was in the best interest of both of our countries, increasing more confidence between us with respect to our nuclear programs. The kind of decisions that the Russian leadership authorized to be made in this negotiation are clearly, in their view, in Russia's security interests.

And you're right, just as we have to go to our Congress, President Medvedev has to go to the Duma. And I think President Obama has said that he would send Rahm Emanuel to Moscow -- (laughter) -- and we all immediately endorsed that offer. (Laughter.) So if it -- you know, if President Medvedev wants to take us up on it, we're ready. (Laughter.)

Q Madam Secretary, congratulations. Obviously a couple of deadlines were missed on the way to today's announcement. What were the sticking points and how were they ultimately resolved? And then what's your message to Europeans who are still concerned about the nuclear missiles aimed at them from Russia?

SECRETARY CLINTON: You know, Jake, in any complex negotiation there are going to be points along the way where negotiators have to go back to their capitals; where the negotiators need to delegate in-depth conversations -- you heard Mike Mullen say what he had to do with his counterpart, Bob, I had to talk to my counterpart, Sergey Lavrov, many times, because the Presidents' -- President Obama and President Medvedev's directions were very clear: We want to do this, and we want to get it done in a timely manner.

But it took a lot of work. Just a few weeks ago I dispatched Under Secretary Tauscher to Geneva because we needed to make it absolutely clear that this was a priority at the highest levels of our government. The Russians responded to that very positively. And we began to just work out the last details.

In addition, though, it's important to note that we made a decision that we wanted not just to have the treaty agreed to; we wanted the protocols agreed to. Sometimes treaties in the past have been submitted while the work on the protocols still goes on. But we thought it was important that we really went through all the technical work in the protocols so that when we went to our Senate or when the Russian government went to the Duma, it wasn't just, okay, so what's going to be in the protocols; it was, okay, we can look at the treaty, we can look at the protocols. So that was also some of the time that had to be taken in order to really get to the point where we both felt like we had the package necessary to go to our legislative bodies.

Q And the message to the Europeans? I'm sorry.

SECRETARY CLINTON: Well, we have consistently conveyed to our European friends and allies America's absolute commitment to our NATO partners and to their defense. The phased adaptive approach that the President concluded was the best way forward on missile defense we think actually makes Europe safer from what are the real threats that are out there.

There is still work to be done in the NATO-Russia Council to build confidence in our Central and Eastern European partners with Russia. But everybody is aware that that is something that is still ongoing. One of the reasons why it's so significant that the Presidents will meet in Prague is because we want to send exactly that signal, that this is good for Europe as well as for the United States and Russia.

Q Thank you, Madam Secretary. I think the average American, when they hear talk of strategic arms reductions, their eyes glaze over. The two things they really worry about are loose nukes getting in the hands of terrorists, which you touched on, and nations like Iran getting nuclear weapons. Could you explain how this treaty paves the way for progress on those two issues?

SECRETARY CLINTON: Well, Chip, you know, as the President said in his remarks, we have a vision, a long-term vision, of moving toward a world without nuclear weapons. We are absolutely realistic about how long that will take to convince everyone that this is in the world's interest. But the steps we are taking add up to something that makes a very clear statement of intent.

So the START treaty, it says to our country, the Cold War really is behind us and these massive nuclear arsenals that both our countries maintained as part of deterrence no longer have to be so big; we can begin to cut that. That's not only in our security interests, but it also is a commitment by the United States and Russia toward non-proliferation and toward the eventual goal of a world without nuclear weapons.

The nuclear security summit that the President will host in two weeks -- largest gathering of international leaders probably since the end of World War II in the United States -- devoted to the idea of how do we keep nuclear materials out of the hands of rogue regimes and of terrorists. We come with more credibility, Russia comes with more credibility, having negotiated this treaty.

Then the Non-Proliferation Treaty in May takes it one step further, about how do we bring the non-proliferation regime into the 21st century, when we know, unfortunately, that terrorist groups are seeking nuclear weapons and states that are not -- they don't have the confidence of the international community in their ambitions, like Iran and North Korea, are also pursuing nuclear weapons.

So you have to look at this as part of our whole approach toward non-proliferation.

Q Did Iran come up in the conversation today?

MR. GIBBS: Let me just -- it was a fairly brief conversation finalizing the treaty. President Medvedev mentioned to President Obama that he wanted to speak with him when they met next in the Czech Republic.

Savannah.

Q You mentioned the bipartisan overwhelming majority these treaties have passed with in the past. Is there anything that concerns you about this particular political environment that you won't be able to get those 67 votes? You can opine on health care while you're at it, since we haven't had an opportunity. (Laughter.)

And for Secretary Gates, is the Pentagon uncomfortable at all about the President's go-to-zero campaign, considering we do depend on nuclear weapons for our national security? Thanks.

SECRETARY CLINTON: Well, first, I think that national security has always produced large bipartisan majorities and I see no reason why this should be any different. We've had a very dynamic political debate in our country over health care, which was brought to a successful conclusion this week to the betterment of the American people going forward.

But I don't believe that this ratification effort will be affected by anything other than individual senators' assessments of whether this is in the best interest of American security. And I think that, as you heard from Bob and Mike and you will hear from many other experts in the administration over the weeks ahead as we testify and make the case to the press and the public for this treaty, we are absolutely united in our belief that this is in America's interest. It's in America's interest in the particulars of this treaty and it's in America's interest because it puts us in a very strong leadership position to make the case about an Iran, about a North Korea, about other countries doing more to safeguard nuclear materials.

So I believe that a vast majority of the Senate at the end of the day will see that this is in America's interest and it goes way beyond politics.

SECRETARY GATES: Let me first say a word about ratification from my perspective. There has been a very intense continuing consultation on the Hill as the negotiations have proceeded. Two of the areas that have been of concern in the Senate, among senators, are, are we protecting our ability to go forward with missile defense and are we going to make the investment in our nuclear infrastructure so that the stockpile will remain reliable and safe.

We have addressed both of those. Missile defense is not constrained by this treaty. And we have in our budget, the President's budget that went to the Hill for FY '11, almost $5 billion for investment in the nuclear infrastructure and maintaining the stockpile. So I think we have addressed the concerns that there may have been on the Hill and so I echo the sentiments of Secretary Clinton, that I think the prospects are quite good.

In terms of going to nuclear -- to zero nuclear weapons, the President has been very realistic in terms of -- you know, when he originally discussed this -- perhaps not in his lifetime. And we realize that other countries have substantial numbers of nuclear weapons; others are attempting to develop them. So we will do this in a realistic way.

But what this treaty does, and some of the other steps -- trying to get control of fissile material, the Non-Proliferation Treaty and so on -- are concrete steps to move in that direction. But I don't think anybody expects us to come anywhere close to zero nuclear weapons anytime soon.

Q Madam Secretary, to what degree in the preamble will missile defense be addressed? And did the Russians in any way, shape, or form insist upon some kind of linkage on future missile defense plans with the United States? And is there any concern that you have about Russian dissatisfaction with the Bulgaria-Romania component that they believe was not adequately conveyed to them before it was released in those two countries?

SECRETARY CLINTON: Well, Major, if I could -- Robert, could I ask Under Secretary Tauscher to address this?

MR. GIBBS: Sure.

SECRETARY CLINTON: Just fresh from Geneva.

UNDER SECRETARY TAUSCHER: Thank you, Madam Secretary. President Obama and President Medvedev met in July and discussed and had an agreement that this is a strategic offensive weapons treaty, and that there is an inter-relationship between strategic offensive and defensive. But that is the discussion -- where the discussion ended. So I think when you see the treaty and the protocol, there are no constraints on missile defense.

When it comes to Romania, the phased adaptive approach is in phases, as you can see -- 2011, 2015, and 2018 deployments. And we have gone to extensive lengths to brief the Russians. Frankly, the phased adaptive approach has been up on the Web. The Ballistic Missile Defense Review has been up on the Web for weeks and months. So we've gone through extensive briefings with the Russians. We don't pre-clear any kind of conversations we have with allies and friends when we do things with them -- with anyone, including the Russians. But we certainly talked to the Russians soon afterwards, and they knew about the Romanian invitation for the 2015 SM-3 deployment.

MR. GIBBS: Roger, do you have one? Did you have one?

Q Well, yes, I'd like to follow up with the Secretary of State on Iran -- you've touched on a little bit -- and with that, Russia's cooperation now. What does that portend going ahead with Iran and the sanctions and getting them onboard?

SECRETARY CLINTON: We've had very constructive talks with all of our partners, and in-depth consultations with the Russians -- most recently last Thursday and Friday when I was in Moscow. We are working on language. The Russians are involved in -- being consulted on that drafting process.

So we are pursuing the plan that we set forth from the very beginning of this administration -- a two-track process where the first track was engagement, which the President has fulfilled in every way as he has reached out to the Iranians; and the other track of pressure in the event that the Iranians would not engage or refuse to comply with their international obligations.

The recent IAEA report that Director General Amano put out, summarizing many of the questions that raise concerns about Iran's behavior was I think widely viewed as an authoritative source -- not coming from the United States -- that summarized why the international community needs to move on this second track.

So I believe that you'll see increasing activity in the very near future as we work to bring to fruition a resolution that can muster the votes that are necessary in the Security Council.

Q And Medvedev was going to talk with the President in Prague on this?

SECRETARY CLINTON: Well, President Medvedev and President Obama have talked about this continuously.

Q He's going to talk to the President in Prague?

SECRETARY CLINTON: Well, I think as Robert Gibbs said, when they are together they talk about this.

MR. GIBBS: We'll take one more from Ms. Thomas.

Q In view` of the pressure on Iran, do you know of any country in the Middle East that has nuclear weapons?

SECRETARY CLINTON: Helen, I've missed you. (Laughter.)

Q Thank you. (Laughter.) We both got honorary degrees.

SECRETARY CLINTON: We did. We were -- Helen and I were out on the new Yankee Stadium field for the NYU commencement last --

Q Don't step on the grass. (Laughter.)

SECRETARY CLINTON: Yes, we didn't step on the grass, we were very careful. But, you know, she was, as always, in the center of activity.

You know, Helen, one of our goals is to try to move, as we have said, the world toward a recognition that nuclear weapons should be phased out. So from our perspective, that is our goal in fulfilling the President's vision. It is what we are doing with the nuclear security summit, where a number of countries from the region of the Middle East will be present. It's what we're doing with the Non-Proliferation Treaty conference in June. And it remains one of our highest priorities.

So I'm going to reaffirm our commitment to convincing countries that the path of non-proliferation, of lowering the temperature when it comes to nuclear weapons -- which we are doing with this treaty -- is the path they want to be on.

Q Verification is such an important part of this whole process. And for the American people, when they hear you talking about the new treaty, how can you assure them or what would you say to them about your level of confidence in the verification process that says that everyone will be working in good faith here? Secretary Gates?

SECRETARY GATES: Sure. The verification measures for this treaty have been designed to monitor compliance with the provisions with this treaty. So, for example, because their -- our throw-weight of missiles was not an issue, for example, telemetry is not nearly as important for this treaty as it has been in the past. In fact, we don't need telemetry to monitor compliance with this treaty.

Nonetheless, there still is a bilateral agreement to exchange telemetry information on up to five missile launches a year. I think that when the testimony of the intelligence community comes on the Hill, that the DNI and the experts will say that they are comfortable that the provisions of this treaty for verification are adequate for them to monitor Russian compliance, and vice versa.

MR. GIBBS: Thanks, guys.

END 11:23 A.M. EDT

TAPE NUMBER: OA 304

DATELINE: November 16, 2010 Washington, DC

Remarks by the President in Awarding the Medal of Honor to Staff Sergeant Salvatore A. Giunta

East Room

2:07 P.M. EDT

THE PRESIDENT: Good afternoon, everybody. Please be seated. On behalf of Michelle and myself, welcome to the White House. Thank you, Chaplain Carver, for that beautiful invocation.

Of all the privileges that come with serving as President of the United States, I have none greater than serving as Commander-in-Chief of the finest military that the world has ever known. And of all the military decorations that a President and a nation can bestow, there is none higher than the Medal of Honor.

Today is particularly special. Since the end of the Vietnam War, the Medal of Honor has been awarded nine times for conspicuous gallantry in an ongoing or recent conflict. Sadly, our nation has been unable to present this decoration to the recipients themselves, because each gave his life -- his last full measure of devotion -- for our country. Indeed, as President, I have presented the Medal of Honor three times -- and each time to the families of a fallen hero.

Today, therefore, marks the first time in nearly 40 years that the recipient of the Medal of Honor for an ongoing conflict has been able to come to the White House and accept this recognition in person. It is my privilege to present our nation's highest military decoration, the Medal of Honor, to a soldier as humble as he is heroic: Staff Sergeant Salvatore A. Giunta.

Now, I'm going to go off-script here for a second and just say I really like this guy. (Laughter and applause.) I think anybody -- we all just get a sense of people and who they are, and when you meet Sal and you meet his family, you are just absolutely convinced that this is what America is all about. And it just makes you proud. And so this is a joyous occasion for me -- something that I have been looking forward to.

The Medal of Honor reflects the gratitude of an entire nation. So we are also joined here today by several members of Congress, including both senators and several representatives from Staff Sergeant Giunta's home state of Iowa. We are also joined by leaders from across my administration and the Department of Defense, including the Secretary of Defense, Robert Gates; Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Admiral Mike Mullen. Where's Mike? There he is, right there. Army Secretary John McHugh; and Chief of Staff of the Army, General George Casey.

We are especially honored to be joined by Staff Sergeant Giunta's fellow soldiers, his teammates and brothers from Battle Company, 2d of the 503d of the 173d Airborne Brigade; and several members of that rarest of fraternities that now welcomes him into its ranks -- the Medal of Honor Society. Please give them a big round of applause. (Applause.)

We also welcome the friends and family who made Staff Sergeant Giunta into the man that he is, including his lovely wife, Jenny; and his parents, Steven and Rosemary; as well as his siblings, who are here. It was his mother, after all, who apparently taught him as a young boy in small-town Iowa how to remove the screen from his bedroom window in case of fire. (Laughter.) What she didn't know was that by teaching Sal how to jump from his bedroom and sneaking off in the dead of night, she was unleashing a future paratrooper -- (laughter) -- who would one day fight in the rugged mountains of Afghanistan 7,000 miles away.

During the first of his two tours of duty in Afghanistan, Staff Sergeant Giunta was forced early on to come to terms with the loss of comrades and friends. His team leader at the time gave him a piece of advice: "You just try -- you just got to try to do everything you can when it's your time to do it." You've just got to try to do everything you can when it's your time to do it.

Salvatore Giunta's time came on October 25, 2007. He was a Specialist then, just 22 years old.

Sal and his platoon were several days into a mission in the Korengal Valley -- the most dangerous valley in northeast Afghanistan. The moon was full. The light it cast was enough to travel by without using their night-vision goggles. With heavy gear on their backs, and air support overhead, they made their way single file down a rocky ridge crest, along terrain so steep that sliding was sometimes easier than walking.

They hadn't traveled a quarter mile before the silence was shattered. It was an ambush, so close that the cracks of the guns and the whizz of the bullets were simultaneous. Tracer fire hammered the ridge at hundreds of rounds per minute -- "more," Sal said later, "than the stars in the sky."

The Apache gunships above saw it all, but couldn't engage with the enemy so close to our soldiers. The next platoon heard the shooting, but were too far away to join the fight in time.

And the two lead men were hit by enemy fire and knocked down instantly. When the third was struck in the helmet and fell to the ground, Sal charged headlong into the wall of bullets to pull him to safety behind what little cover there was. As he did, Sal was hit twice -- one round slamming into his body armor, the other shattering a weapon slung across his back.

They were pinned down, and two wounded Americans still lay up ahead. So Sal and his comrades regrouped and counterattacked. They threw grenades, using the explosions as cover to run forward, shooting at the muzzle flashes still erupting from the trees. Then they did it again. And again. Throwing grenades, charging ahead. Finally, they reached one of their men. He'd been shot twice in the leg, but he had kept returning fire until his gun jammed.

As another soldier tended to his wounds, Sal sprinted ahead, at every step meeting relentless enemy fire with his own. He crested a hill alone, with no cover but the dust kicked up by the storm of bullets still biting into the ground. There, he saw a chilling sight: the silhouettes of two insurgents carrying the other wounded American away -- who happened to be one of Sal's best friends. Sal never broke stride. He leapt forward. He took aim. He killed one of the insurgents and wounded the other, who ran off.

Sal found his friend alive, but badly wounded. Sal had saved him from the enemy -- now he had to try to save his life. Even as bullets impacted all around him, Sal grabbed his friend by the vest and dragged him to cover. For nearly half an hour, Sal worked to stop the bleeding and help his friend breathe until the MEDEVAC arrived to lift the wounded from the ridge. American gunships worked to clear the enemy from the hills. And with the battle over, First Platoon picked up their gear and resumed their march through the valley. They continued their mission.

It had been as intense and violent a firefight as any soldier will experience. By the time it was finished, every member of First Platoon had shrapnel or a bullet hole in their gear. Five were wounded. And two gave their lives: Sal's friend, Sergeant Joshua C. Brennan, and the platoon medic, Specialist Hugo V. Mendoza.

Now, the parents of Joshua and Hugo are here today. And I know that there are no words that, even three years later, can ease the ache in your hearts or repay the debt that America owes to you. But on behalf of a grateful nation, let me express profound thanks to your sons' service and their sacrifice. And could the parents of Joshua and Hugo please stand briefly? (Applause.)

Now, I already mentioned I like this guy, Sal. And as I found out myself when I first spoke with him on the phone and when we met in the Oval Office today, he is a low-key guy, a humble guy, and he doesn't seek the limelight. And he'll tell you that he didn't do anything special; that he was just doing his job; that any of his brothers in the unit would do the same thing. In fact, he just lived up to what his team leader instructed him to do years before: "You do everything you can."

Staff Sergeant Giunta, repeatedly and without hesitation, you charged forward through extreme enemy fire, embodying the warrior ethos that says, "I will never leave a fallen comrade." Your actions disrupted a devastating ambush before it could claim more lives. Your courage prevented the capture of an American soldier and brought that soldier back to his family. You may believe that you don't deserve this honor, but it was your fellow soldiers who recommended you for it. In fact, your commander specifically said in his recommendation that you lived up to the standards of the most decorated American soldier of World War II, Audie Murphy, who famously repelled an overwhelming enemy attack by himself for one simple reason: "They were killing my friends."

That's why Salvatore Giunta risked his life for his fellow soldiers -- because they would risk their lives for him. That's what fueled his bravery -- not just the urgent impulse to have their backs, but the absolute confidence that they had his. One of them, Sal has said -- of these young men that he was with, he said, "They are just as much of me as I am." They are just as much of me as I am.

So I would ask Sal's team, all of Battle Company who were with him that day, to please stand and be recognized as well. (Applause.) Gentlemen, thank you for your service. We're all in your debt. And I'm proud to be your Commander-in-Chief.

These are the soldiers of our Armed Forces. Highly trained. Battle-hardened. Each with specialized roles and responsibilities, but all with one thing in common -- they volunteered. In an era when it's never been more tempting to chase personal ambition or narrow self-interest, they chose the opposite. They felt a tug; they answered a call; they said, "I'll go." And for the better part of a decade, they have endured tour after tour in distant and difficult places; they have protected us from danger; they have given others the opportunity to earn a better and more secure life.

They are the courageous men and women serving in Afghanistan even as we speak. They keep clear focus on their mission: to deny safe haven for terrorists who would attack our country, to break the back of the Taliban insurgency, to build the Afghans' capacity to defend themselves. They possess the steely resolve to see their mission through. They are made of the same strong stuff as the troops in this room, and I am absolutely confident that they will continue to succeed in the missions that we give them, in Afghanistan and beyond.

After all, our brave servicemen and women and their families have done everything they've been asked to do. They have been everything that we have asked them to be. "If I am a hero," Sal has said, "then every man who stands around me, every woman in the military, every person who defends this country is." And he's right.

This medal today is a testament to his uncommon valor, but also to the parents and the community that raised him; the military that trained him; and all the men and women who served by his side.

All of them deserve our enduring thanks and gratitude. They represent a small fraction of the American population, but they and the families who await their safe return carry far more than their fair share of our burden. They fight halfway around the globe, but they do it in hopes that our children and our grandchildren won't have to.

They are the very best part of us. They are our friends, our family, our neighbors, our classmates, our coworkers. They are why our banner still waves, our founding principles still shine, and our country -- the United States of America -- still stands as a force for good all over the world.

So, please join me in welcoming Staff Sergeant Salvatore A. Giunta for the reading of the citation.

MILITARY AIDE: The President of the United States of America, authorized by act of Congress, March 3, 1863, has awarded, in the name of Congress, the Medal of Honor to then Specialist Salvatore A. Giunta, United States Army.

Specialist Salvatore A. Giunta distinguished himself conspicuously by gallantry and intrepidity, at the risk of his life, above and beyond the call of duty, in action, with an armed enemy in the Korengal Valley, Afghanistan, on October 25, 2007.

While conducting a patrol as team leader, with Company B, 2d Battalion Airborne, 503d Infantry Regiment, Specialist Giunta and his team were navigating through harsh terrain when they were ambushed by a well-armed and well-coordinated insurgent force.

While under heavy enemy fire, Specialist Giunta immediately sprinted towards cover and engaged the enemy. Seeing that his squad leader had fallen, and believing that he had been injured, Specialist Giunta exposed himself to withering enemy fire and raced towards his squad leader, helped him to cover and administered medical aid.

While administering first aid, enemy fire struck Special Giunta's body armor and his secondary weapon. Without regard to the ongoing fire, Specialist Giunta engaged the enemy before prepping and throwing grenades, using the explosions for cover in order to conceal his position.

Attempting to reach additional wounded fellow soldiers who were separated from the squad, Specialist Giunta and his team encountered a barrage of enemy fire that forced them to the ground. The team continued forward, and upon reaching the wounded soldiers, Specialist Giunta realized that another soldier was still separated from the element. Specialist Giunta then advanced forward on his own initiative. As he crested the top of a hill, he observed two insurgents carrying away an American soldier. He immediately engaged the enemy, killing one and wounding the other. Upon reaching the wounded soldier, he began to provide medical aid, as his squad caught up and provided security.

Specialist Giunta's unwavering courage, selflessness and decisive leadership while under extreme enemy fire were integral to his platoon's ability to defeat an enemy ambush and recover a fellow American soldier from the enemy.

Specialist Salvatore A. Giunta's extraordinary heroism and selflessness above and beyond the call of duty are in keeping with the highest traditions of military service and reflect great credit upon himself, Company B, 2d Battalion Airborne, 503d Infantry Regiment and the United States Army.

[The medal is awarded.]

(Applause.)

SHOTLIST:

1. Army headquarters in Bissau, capital of Guinea-Bissau

2. SOUNDBITE (English) Zamora Induta, spokesman for the new regime:

"We did this action without any shooting, without a thing like that. That's very important to us."

3. Soldiers at army headquarters

4. Soldiers at presidential

5. Representatives from West African nations arrive back at presidential building to have further meetings with former army chief of staff, coup leader and now Interim President Verissimo Correia Seabra

6. National flag flies on presidential building

7. Seabra (on left) entering room

8. Military policeman standing guard outside meeting

STORYLINE:

As far as coup d'etats go, it couldn't have gone smoother: No bloody fighting, no humanitarian crisis, no looting sprees or violence in the streets.

In fact, two days after Guinea-Bissau President Kumba Yala was toppled without a shot fired, almost everyone in the languid, leafy capital - except the unpopular former head of state himself, now under house arrest - was hailing the results.

News of Sunday's coup, like many in Africa, was first announced by the army over state radio.

Footage broadcast later on state-run television showed army chief of staff General Verissimo Correia Seabra - who declared himself interim president - arriving at the aging yellow presidential mansion and shaking hands with Yala.

Yala, newly informed he was being overthrown, was shown laughing - in apparent disbelief.

Yala's guards did nothing to stop the coup, and the still-incredulous president was taken under a light military escort to army headquarters.

One by one, his ministers were informed that they, too, were out of a job.

Guinea-Bissau, one of the world's poorest countries, was still reeling from a 1960s war against colonial Portugal.

Early on Tuesday, the nation's top military brass joked around and greeted one another with warm smiles on a balcony at the army's headquarters, its peach-colored paint peeling off in the humidity.

The building was the same one Yala was held at for most of Sunday.

A delegation of West African foreign ministers was in Bissau pressuring a 25-member military committee to return power to Yala.

But junta spokesman Zamora Induta said the ouster was irreversible.

Induta said Yala was still under house arrest at his former home in the capital, and would remain so until the military committee appointed a new prime minister and government for the country, a former Portuguese colony with a population of about one (m) million.

Induta said Seabra's transitional government would eventually hold new elections, but no date has been set.

Thematic Clipreels - Vietnam War Tape 2 - : UPI Syndicated Reports

(G00673)

(GEN0813)

All stories mute

06:00:00

F05088

South Vietnam battle

Vietcong battle rages

12/12/1964

0:58

South Vietnam

Various shots showing buildings inside a South Vietnamese army barracks in a rural district either damaged or completely destroyed by Viet Cong mortars. Various shots of a circular concrete firing pit for an 81mm mortar, with discarded bottle-like objects and used artillery shell cases laid out on the rim. Various shots of Vietnamese soldiers and foreign journalists inspecting the perimeter defences and several bodies of Viet Cong fighters killed while trying to breach them. Various shots of the journalists and two US army advisors armed with M-14 rifles viewing the scene. A shot showing a US military advisor listening to a South Vietnamese army describing the battle to him.

STORYLINE:

Foreign journalists and US military advisors inspect the aftermath of an unsuccessful attack by Viet Cong guerrillas on a South Vietnamese army barracks in the countryside.

06:01:06

F07011

S.Vietnam bomb

Viet Cong bomb attack in Saigon

29/04/1966

00:01:00

Saigon, South Vietnam - 29/04/1966

1. Various shots taken in a street market in Saigon showing armed civilian policemen and South Vietnamese soldiers and military police

armed with M-1 carbines on duty after a Viet Cong bomb attack (no sign of any destruction or loss of life occasioned by the attack)and stopping

traffic from approaching the scene.

2. Various shots showing a Vietnamese policeman getting irritated by children who have gathered to watch events and South Vietnamese soldiers in the back of a covered truck smiling at the camera.

3. A shot of the policeman encouraging local people to move away.

STORYLINE:

Saigon, South Vietnam - 29/04/1966. While Saigon is in the grip of yet another political crisis involving Buddhist opposition to the Ky-Thieu regime, Viet Cong bomb attacks add to the mood of insecurity in the city.

06:01:50

F03645

Vietnam pagoda

Besieged pagoda in Saigon

22/06/1966

0:56

Saigon, Vietnam

Various shots showing the gateway to a Buddhist monastery, with both big heavy metal doors closed, a Buddhist monk in traditional saffon robes staring at the camera at the narrow pedestrian entrance to the monastery, various shots showing a jeep leading a column of South Vietnamese army lorries towards the monastery gateway, a small crowd of young people at the gateway watching policemen drag coils of barbed wire off the back of a lorry and erect an improvised barrier near the monastery''s front gate, a soldier armed with an M-1 Garand rifle stands watch over the scene, shots of mischievous looking youngsters staring at the camera from the other side of a coil of barbed wire, the big doors of the monastery gates being closed shut.

STORYLINE:

South Vietnamese soldiers and police surround a Buddhist monastery in Saigon during a wave of anti-government protests.

06:03:03

F07012

S.Vietnam troops

Aussie troops complete a sweep for Viet Cong guerrillas

24/07/1966

00:01:00

Phuoc Tuy, South Vietnam - 24/07/1966

1. Various shots from a moving M113 armoured personnel manned by men from the 1st Armoured Personnel Squadron heading down a road

through a rubber plantation past Vietnamese peasants going about their business and the APC commander on top of the vehicle next to his Browning .50 calibre machine gun mounting.

2. Various shots of a Bell 47G Sioux helicopter flying low over a column of 1st APC Squadron APCs carrying men from the 6th Battalion Royal Australian Rifles who prefer to ride on top of their M113s rather than inside them, an Australian 3-inch mortar position bombarding Viet Cong positions and the M113 APCS deploying in the countryside. (38 seconds)

3. Various shots showing Vietnamese peasant women going about their business, oxen-drawn farm waggons, market traders selling small amounts of fruit and vegetables.

STORYLINE:

Phuoc Tuy, South Vietnam - 24/07/1966. In "Operation Brisbane" (16-18th July 1966), Australian troops conduct a sweep for Viet Cong guerrillas in Phuoc Tuy province between Nui Dinh and Nui Thi Vai. Scenes of everyday life for Vietnamese peasants in Phuoc Tuy province.

06:04:02

F04979

Vietnam parade

Victory parade in Saigon celebrates recent military succeses

04/11/1966

1:00

Saigon, Vietnam

Various shots filmed from one of the stands overlooking the parade route in downtown Saigon of a South Vietnamese army divisional or regimental colour party and Australian troops in bush hats marching along. Various shots of US Army military vehicles - an M-48 Patton tank, an M109 155mm self-propelled guns, 2-1/2 ton trucks towing Hawk surface-to-air missiles, several M113 armoured personnel carriers and a 4x4 armoured car, 2-1/2-ton trucks towing 155mm howitzers - taking part in the parade.

Various shots of the crowd of spectators and the band of the 25th US Infantry Division marching past. A shot of two army engineer earthmovers taking part in the parade, releasing balloons into the air from their scraper blades. A shot of war elephants and Vietnamese warriors in traditional dress carrying the insignia of the South Vietnamese army II Corps on parade. STORYLINE:

US and ANZAC troops take part in a South Vietnamese army military parade in the centre of Saigon in celebration of South Vietnam''s National Day on 1st November 1966.

06:05:10

F07015

Laos Holt

Australian PM arrives in Laos

03/04/1967

00:01:00

Vientiane, Laos - 03/04/1967

1. Various shots of Mr Harold Holt stepping off his RAAF Vickers Viscount onto the tarmac at Vientiane airport and, accopanied by his wife, Zara,

being greeted by the prime minister of the Kingdom of Laos, a Laotian army 105mm howitzer battery firing salutes in honour of their visitor at the edge of the airport tarmac.

2. Various shots of a Royal Laotian army band playing, Mr Holt and the Laotian premier standing to attention and inspecting an Laotian Army Guard of Honour.

3. Various shots of Mr and Mrs Holt being greeted by a line-up of Laotian government officials and army officers and receiving floral bouquets from Laotian girls.

STORYLINE:

Vientiane, Laos - 03/04/1967. Mr Harold Holt, the Prime Minister of Australian and a keen supporter of the US war in Vietnam, continues his tour of South East Asia by visiting the Kingdom of Laos, a nation currently undergoing a civil war between the CIA-backed Royal Laotian army and the Pathet Lao communist guerrillas.

06:06:12

F07014

Cambodia Holt

Australian PM arrive in Cambodia

31/03/1967

00:01:00

Phnom Penh, Cambodia - 31/03/1967

1. Various shots filmed at Phnom Penh airport showing a Cambodian government delegation led by the Cambodian deputy prime minister (?) preparing to greet their visitors and the gangway on an Royal Australian Air Force Vickers Viscount automatically unfolding itself onto the tarmac, the Australian prime minister, Mr Harold Holt and his wife, Zara, disembarking as its turbo-props gradually spin to a stop.

2. Various shots of Mr and Mrs Holt being welcomed by the Cambodian government delegation and receives a floral garland around his neck, Mrs Holt receives a floral bouquets etc.

3. A shot of Harold Holt and the Cambodian deputy prime minister (?) walking across the airport to a low saluting base, a large Australian flag flying above it.

STORYLINE:

Phnom Penh, Cambodia - 31/03/1967. In a tour of South East Asia, Mr Harold Holt, the Prime Minister of Australia and a keen supporter of US President Johnson''s policies in the region, visits South Vietnam''s neighbour, the Kingdom of Cambodia whose ruler, Prince Sihanouk, is determined to stay out of the conflict.

06:07:06

F07013

S.Vietnam demonstration

Catholic demonstration staged in Saigon

02/04/1967

00:01:00

Saigon, South Vietnam - 02/04/1967

1. Various shots of young Vietnamese Roman Catholics parading through the centre of Saigon and holding prayers outside the National Assembly building.

2. Various shots of a Bell Huey helicopter flying overhead and landing in

the grounds of the Presidential Palace.

3. Various shots of Prime Minister Nguyen Cao Ky (a Buddhist) meeting a delegation from the Catholic demonstrators outside the Presidential Palac and stepping up onto the roof of a truck and addressing the large crowd with the aid of a microphone.

STORYLINE:

Saigon, South Vietnam - 02/04/1967. Vietnamese Roman Catholics demonstrate their loyalty to the Ky-Thieu regime in the centre of Saigon.

06:08:06

F07016

Vietnam troops

Australian reinforcements arrive in South Vietnam

05/04/1967

00:01:00

Phouc Tuy, Vietnam - 05/04/1967

1. Various shots showing Canadian-built de Havilland Caribou transport aircraft belonging to No. 30 Squadron Royal Australian Air Force taxying

along the dirt airstrip at Vung Tau and soldiers from the 7th RAR disembarking with their weapons - Australian-made copies of Belgian NATO-standard FN semi-automatic rifle called the Lithgow SLP and the Australian-designed F1 9mm sub machine-gun - via the back loading door of a Caribou transport plane.

2. Varous shots showing some of the new-arrivals chatting to fellow Australian soldiers, possibly from the 5th Battalion Royal Australian

Rifles.

3. Various shots of lines of soldiers unloading kit bags and other personal belongings from the back loading door of a Caribou transport plane.

STORYLINE:

Phouc Tuy, Vietnam - 05/04/1967. The advance party for the 7th Battalion Royal Australian Rifles arrives by air at Vung Tau in Phuoc Tuy province to relieve the 5th Battalion Royal Australian Rifles at the end of its tour of duty in Vietnam.

06:08:43

F07017

S.Vietnam troops

Aussie troops airlifted to Phouc Tuy

23/04/1967

00:01:00

Cape St Jacques, Phuoc Tuy, South Vietnam - 23/04/1967

1. Various aerial shots showing warships lying off the South Vietnamese coast in the South China Sea near Cape St Jacques, and the flight deck of HMAS Sydney, an ex-Royal Navy light aircraft carrier converted into a troop transport, as the cameraman''s helicopter comes in to land.

2. Various shots of a US Army Boeing CH-46 Chinook landing on HMAS Sydney''s flight deck and soldiers from the 7th RAR, keeping their heads low to avoid the wash from the rotor blades, boarding the helicopter on the carrier flight deck and seated in two rows inside the Chinook while it is in flight.

3. Various shots showing a US Army Chinook hospital coming into land at Nui Dat, a sign put up to welcome the 7th RAR and soldiers from the battalion disembarking from the Chinook''s big rear door carrying their Lithgow SLRs (Australian-made copies of the NATO Belgian FN rifle) and shouldering their kit bags.

4. Various shots showing the new arrivals boarding a 3-ton truck and headin off on a dirt road to the battalion lines a short distance away.

STORYLINE:

Cape St Jacques, Phuoc Tuy, South Vietnam - 23/04/1967. The main body of the 7th Battalion Royal Australian Regiment, the first Australian combat unit to be deployed in Vietnam with a high percentage of conscripted servicemen, is airlifted into Phuoc Tuy province to replace a sister battalion, the 5th, coming to the end of its tour of duty in Vietnam.

06:09:42

F07018

Vietnam Westmoreland

Westmoreland holds informal press conference

04/05/1967

00:01:00

Vietnam - 04/05/1967

1. Various interior shots of General William Westmoreland, senior US Army commander in Vietnam,seated on a sofa with Ambassador Ellsworth Bunker in a building somewhere inside the US Embassy in Saigon (?), speaking to a small number of Vietnamese and foreign press and radio journalists.

2. Various shots showing Westmoreland leaving the building accompanied by arious US military and embassy (?) officials including Ellsworth Bunker and a senior general in the Military Assistance Command Vietnam(MACV).

STORYLINE:

Vietnam - 04/05/1967. At a time when he was both claiming that the war in Vietnam could be won but that he needed more troops to win the war, General William Westmoreland, the officer commanding the Military Assistance Command Vietnam (MACV), gives an informal press conference to journalists.

06:10:29

F07019

France demonstration

Anti-Vietnam War demonstration held in Paris

04/05/1967

00:01:00

Paris, France - 04/05/1967

1. Various shots, probably taken on 1st May 1967, showing a mass of demonstrators taking part in an anti-Vietnam War march in Paris'' Left Bank that is entirely peaceful and lacking almost any kind of police presence; the placards many of the marchers are carrying demand peace, a halt to US crimes, an end to US aggression in Vietnam and label President Johnson as a murder.

2. Various shots of the slow-moving mass of marchers shouting slogans and hand-clapping rhythmically and carrying the National Liberation Front for Vietnam (Viet Cong) flag.

STORYLINE:

Paris, France - 04/05/1967. Demonstrators take part in a peaceful anti-Vietnam War march along Paris'' Left Bank.

06:11:41

F07020

Sweden crimes

Vietnam International War Crimes Tribunal meets in Stockholm

04/05/1967

00:02:00

Stockholm, Sweden - 04/05/1967

1. A shot from the back of a university lecture hall showing the International Tribunal in session.

2. A shot of an unidentified American witness addressing the tribunal:

"In North Vietnam, the US military is making widespread use of the cluster bomb weapon. The use of this weapon constitutes a wilful and systematic attack on the civilian population. Attacks are made against schools, churches, hospitals and factories, irrespective of whether the latter are engaged in military operations. Hamlets and villages are subjected to indiscriminate attacks often with a variety of different types of bomb".

3. Shots of members of the tribunal listening to the testimony and examples of US cluster bombs on display in the courtroom.

4. A shot of an unidentified French-speaking Vietnamese speaking, condemning US actions and calling on public opinion throughout the world, especially in the United States, to halt the war.

STORYLINE:

Stockholm, Sweden - 04/05/1967. In Stockholm, the International War Crimes Tribunal on the war in Vietnam, an independent body established by British philosopher and pacifist Bertrand Russell, hears evidence of alleged US war crimes.

06:13:32

F07022

W.Germany demonstration

Anti-Vietnam War demonstration staged in Munich

10/05/1967

00:01:00

Munich, West Germany - 10/05/1967

1. Various shots of a night time anti-Vietnam War demonstration in the centre of Munich holding burning tapers, parading with Nazi Swastika emblems, a Viet Cong flag and placards in German which read '' 1937 - the Nazis murder in Spain/1967 - the Yankees murder in Vietnam'' and ''Johnson...genocide is genocide''.

2. Various shots of the US Consulate building in Munich and demonstrators chanting slogans and waving their placards outside it.

3. Various shots of a lorry being held up by the marchers and West German police trying to remove sit-down demonstrators.

4.Various shots of a police van fitted with loudspeakers and demonstrators struggling with the police who try to drag them out of the way, with several press photographers recording the disturbances.

STORYLINE:

Munich, West Germany - 10/05/1967. West German anti-Vietnam war protesters stage a night-time march through Munich.

06:14:47

F07023

S.Vietnam troops

US troops sweep the Mekong Delta

10/05/1967

00:01:00

Mekong Delta, South Vietnam - 10/05/1967

1. Various shots of South Vietnamese soldiers armed with M-2 carbines and M-1 Garand rifles moving very carefully and slowly through jungle undergrowth.

2. Shot of a smoke flare burning in tall grass in order to attract the attention of an incoming helicopter.

3. Various shots showing Vietnamese soldiers carrying a battle casualty in his poncho.

4. Various of a Vietnamese medic applying anti-septic paste and an elastoplast bandage to the shrapnel wounds on the torso of a wounded soldier.

5. Various shots of South Vietnamese soldiers carrying two badly-wounded soldiers to a US Army Bell Huey helicopter and put them on board.

6. Interior view inside the Bell Huey helicopter in flight, its US doorgunner on lookout duty with his M60 light machine-gun next to two wounded Vietnamese soldiers lying on stretchers next to him.

STORYLINE:

Mekong Delta, South Vietnam - 10/05/1967. Scenes from a typical sweep for Viet Cong guerrillas mounted by the the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) - as the South Vietnamese army is officially known - in the Mekong Delta.

06:15:56

F07021

N.Vietnam plane

North Vietnamese civilians recover remains of US plane

11/05/1967

00:01:00

Hanoi, North Vietnam - 11/05/1967

1. Various shots showing a tall plume of black smoke climbing into the sky beyond a village in the foreground.

2. Various shots of large numbers of North Vietnamese people gathered in groups over broken, cratered ground at the edge of cultivated fields and gazing into a deep, water-filled crater where patches of burning aviation fuel are burning.

3. Various shots of North Vietnamese civilians salvaging scraps of aluminium from the water-filled crater and putting them into a

wheeled handcart; one of the larger pieces of aircraft wreckage has stencilled words in English on it including "Caution".

4. Various shots of happy, smiling North Vietnamese men and women manhandling the handcart filled with aircraft debris across muddy, uneven ground.

STORYLINE:

Hanoi, North Vietnam - 11/05/1967. North Vietnamese civilians recover the remains of a shot-down US military jet near Hanoi (?) as a war trophy.

06:17:18

F07024

N.Vietnam bombing

Press conference on US bombing held in Hanoi

13/05/1967

00:01:00

Hanoi, North Vietnam - 13/05/1967

1. Various exterior shots taken at night showing Vietnamese and foreign journalists and photographers - presumably from Soviet bloc countries but also possibly from western nations not directly involved in the Vietnam War on America''s side - listening to a briefing by a North Vietnamese army officer.

2. Various night time shots of an unidentified object - part of a jet engine - lying on the ground and being examined by North Vietnamese army

personnel.

3. Various shots of the journalists examining a mass of papers and personnel effects (including an escape kit) belonging to a shot-down US Air Force pilot laid out on the ground for display, with a man holding a hurricane lamp for illumination,:clearly visible are a pilot''s helmet, dollar bills, a .38 revolver and Thai bank notes.

4. A shot of a covered body lying on a stretcher, with bandaged legs - belonging to the US pilot who died of his battle injuries while in North

Vietnamese captivity.

STORYLINE:

Hanoi, North Vietnam - 13/05/1967. As part of its propaganda war against the American bombing campaign, Hanoi puts on display the personal effects of a US pilot killed when his aircraft was shot down over North Vietnam.

06:18:20

F07026

Laos parade

20th anniversary parade celebrated in Laos

14/05/1967

00:01:00

Vientiane, Laos - 14/05/1967

1. Various shots showing the Laotian monarch and ruler of ''the Land of One Million Elephants'', King Savang Vatthana, seen wearing a splendid white uniform, inspecting a Guard of Honour of the Royal Laotian Army drawn up on parade in the centre of Vientiane and riding in a jeep with the army chief-of-staff past Laotian troops on parade, followed by a second jeep carrying Crown Prince Vong Savang (?).

2. Various shots showing the Laotian prime minister (?) making a speech, with King Savang Vatthana and Queen Kampkoui listening.

3. Various shots of the monarch making a speech, being received by his ministers, who kneel before him and kiss his hand, and being welcomed by his ministers, decorating the French ambassador ( wearing his summer diplomatic uniform) and pinning a medal to the colours of the association of Laotian ex-servicemen who fought for the French.

4. Various shots showing a Royal Laotian Army military band taking part in a march-past.

STORYLINE:

Vientiane, Laos - 14/05/1967. King Savang Vatthana of Laos celebrates the anniversary of the creation of his kingdom by the French in 1947.

06:19:37

F07027

S.Vietnam Ky

Marshal Ky test flies US jet

21/05/1967

00:01:00

South Vietnam - 21/05/1967

1. Various shots showing Air Vice Marshal Ky, looking trim in a dark-coloured flying jacket and baseball cap with his insignia of rank and accompanied by several senior South Vietnamese Air Force officers, inspecting the nose wheel of a two-seater training version of the Northrop F-5 Freedom fighter at Bien Hoa air force base (?) and checking a bomb pylon on the port wing. (19 feet)

2. Various shots of Ky climbing into the instructor''s cockpit in the two-seater F-5, sitting in the cockpit with his flying helmet perched on

the cockpit rim. (26 feet)

3. Various shots of the two-seater F-5 Freedom fighter taxying out of its blast shelter out onto the perimeter track with its two cockpits still in

the open position, watched by a small number of South Vietnamese air force officers (39 feet)

4. A shaky hand-held shot of Ky''s Northrop F-5 Freedom fighter heading down the runway and taking off. (48 feet)

STORYLINE:

South Vietnam - 21/05/1967. Air Marshal Nguyen Cao Ky, chief of the South Vietnamese air force as well as prime minister, test flies a Northrop F-5 Freedom fighter.

06:21:08

F07025

S.Vietnam village

Ky opens "New Life" village for homeless peasants

14/05/1967

00:01:00

South Vietnam - 14/05/1967

1. Various shots showing the pavilion and ceremonial entrance to the ''New Life'' village established by the South Vietnamese army''s civil

affairs administration and Air Vice Marshal Ky being met by senior South Vietnamese army officers in command of the II Corps district

after his arrival in a Bell Huey helicopter.

2. Various shots of Ky inspecting the colour party from the 5th South Vietnamese Army Division and standing to attention saluting (as the national anthem is played).

3. Various shots showing a line of Vietnamese villagers, clutching patriotic banners, shouting in unison greetings to their distinguished visitor and guest - and being faced by several armed policemen whose prime duty is to keep a very close eye on them, a senior army officer making a welcoming speech for Ky and all the other VIPs sitting in the stands of the grand pavilion behind him.

4. Various shots of Ky, wearing a baseball cap and trim tan military tunic and slacks, making a speech and, flanked by two young and attractive Vietnamese women, cutting with scissors the ribbon at the entrance to the "New

Life" village.

5. Various shots showing Ky, looking relaxed, talking to two villagers, one an old woman, while surrounded by officials.

STORYLINE:

South Vietnam - 14/05/1967. Air Vice Marshal Ky, the South Vietnamese premier, is the guest of honour in II Corps'' area of operations at the inauguration of a new village for homeless peasants driven from their homes by the fighting as part of a propaganda effort by the Saigon regime to show that it is committed to improving the living conditions of the population under its nominal control.

06:22:59

F07028

N.Vietnam aftermath

Aftermath following Operation ''Rolling Thunder''

31/05/1967

00:01:00

North Vietnam - 31/05/1967

1. Various shots showing a North Vietnamese school or a hospital, once owned and run by the Roman Catholic Church, almost completely

obliterated by US bombing. (7 feet)

2. A shot of a large bomb crater, with lots of small round objects - unexploded US cluster bombs - lying on the ground, possibly after

being placed there by the North Vietnamese authorities. (21 feet)

3. Various shots of a modern three-storey building badly damaged by bombing and a large bomb crater nearby and one corner of the building that has collapsed. (38 feet)

4. Various shots of a bomb-blasted telegraph pole and factory buildings badly damaged by US bombing. (51 feet)

STORYLINE:

North Vietnam - 31/05/1967. By early 1967, Operation ''Rolling Thunder'', the US bombing campaign against North Vietnam had reduced many of its towns and cities to rubble.

06:24:34

F07029

Vietnam troops

Australian and New Zealand troops land at Nui Dat

01/06/1967

00:04:00

Nui Dat, Vietnam - 01/06/1967

1. Various shots showing soldiers from the 6th Battalion Royal Australian Regiment, standing by their weapons and luggage, waiting at a helicopter landing zone at Nui Dat in Phuoc Tuy Province and a US Army Boeing Chinook helicopter coming into land.

2. Various shots of the 6 RAR soldiers, each man carrying several bags full of the possessions he has acquired after nearly a year ''in-country'', making their way towards the helicopter as the new comers, the 2nd Battalion Royal Australian Regiment, disembark onto Vietnamese soil for the first time from the Chinook''s big rear cargo door. (24 feet)

3. Various shots of the 6 RAR soldiers carrying their personal effects boarding the Chinook helicopter by its big rear cargo door under the supervision of the US Army cargo handler and the Chinook ready to take off from the landing zone. (35 feet)

4. Various shot showing the new arrivals, armed with the Lithgow SLR, the Australian copy of the NATO Belgian FN self-loading rifle and, in one or two cases, with another Australian-produced weapon, the F1 9mm sub machine-gun, loading their kit bags into the back of a three-ton truck and climbing aboard. (61 feet)

5. Various shots of an Australian army major and three other men, keeping their heads low to avoid the backwash from the Chinook''s rotor blades, newly-arrived soldiers climbing into the back of a three-ton truck and being driven to their base past other soldiers from the 6 RAR waiting to begin their journey home, a Land Rover following a trauckload of soldiers from 2 RAR. (77 feet)

6. Various shots of 6 RAR soldiers waiting at the Landing Zone for their turn to leave, several M113 armoured personnel carriers crewed by the 1st APC Squadron on guard duty at the landing zone, a group of officers standing around. (91 feet)

Out-takes (97 - 175 feet)

7. Six RAR soldiers waiting at the landing zone at Nui Dat with their personal weapons and suitcases and bags, the US Army Chinook helicopter landing, people lowering their heads to avoid the backwash from the rotor blades, the 6 RAR soldiers crossing the landing zone to board the helicopter and the new arrivals from 2 RAR passing them as they arrive on Vietnamese soil for the first time, the Chinook helicopter taking off, the new arrivals climbing into the back of a three-ton truck which then drives off, 6 RAR soldiers at the landing zone standing around near the M113 armoured personnel carriers on guard duty.

STORYLINE:

Nui Dat, Vietnam - 01/06/1967. A combined Australian-New Zealand unit, the 2nd Battalion Australian Regiment complete with two companies of New Zealanders, arrives by air at Nui Dat to replace the 6th Battalion Royal Australian Regiment after its year of combat duty in Vietnam.

06:29:31

F07030

N.Vietnam mine

US river mine removed from North Vietnamese canal

29/06/1967

00:01:00

North Vietnam - 29/06/1967

1. Various shots filmed by the side of a canal showing four Vietnamese men watching another man dive under water to retrieve parachute lines recovering part of a US parachute mine from the water and together dragging a metal cylindrical object out of the water (9 feet)

2. Various shots of four men carefully lifting the metal cylinder and carrying it further up the canal bank and English-language lettering

stencilled onto a part of the cylinder - "US Navy Buweps (Bureau of Weapons)/Release Parachute Underwater Mine Mk 33" and the name

of the manufacturer and the weapon''s serial number. (20 feet)

3. Various shots showing a North Vietnamese army bomb disposal expert unscrewing the retaining nuts of the parachute mine''s fuse

mechanism and pulling the entire assembly free (31 feet)

4. Various shots showing the UXB expert noting down the parachute mine''s technical details in his notebook and a piece of equipment (similar to a car battery) with the stencilled lettering "Firing Mechanism" also recovered from the water.

STORYLINE:

North Vietnam - 29/06/1967. A North Vietnamese army bomb disposal team recovers a US parachute mine from a canal.

06:30:48

F07031

S.Vietnam smuggling

US troops use ''Boston Whalers'' to intercept Vietnamese river traffic smuggling

26/10/1967

00:01:00

Chu Lai, South Vietnam - 26/10/1967

1. Various shots filmed from a ''Boston Whaler'' of two ''Boston Whalers'', small power boats driven by outboard motor and each with a crew of five US soldiers, heading along a riverbank and passing sampans and other local craft. (19 feet)

2. Various shots of a Vietnamese fishing boat being stopped for inspection and a US Army Military Policeman looking inside a hatchway and finding an empty wooden box (24 feet)

3. Various shots showing the other ''Boston Whaler'' intercepting a fishing sampan to check the papers of its crew. (30 feet)

4. Various shots of the cameraman''s own ''Boston Whaler'' sailing towards and away from a large inshore fishing boat.

5. Various shots filmed on board another (?) fishing boat showing a metal mine detector being brought on board and an American soldier disappearing into the hold of the fishing boat, watched by its anxious owner. (40 feet)

6. Various shots of a US soldier using the metal detector to scour the foc''sle of the fishing boat for hidden weapons. (45 feet)

7. A shot filmed from the cameraman''s own ''Boston Whaler'' as it follows the other ''Boston Whaler'' along the river

STORYLINE:

Chu Lai, South Vietnam - 26/10/1967. At Chu Lai in I Corps'' sector of operations in South Vietnam, US soldiers from the ''Americal'' Division (?) use speedboats known as ''Boston Whalers'' to intercept Vietnamese river traffic smuggling weapons and supplies to the Viet Cong.

06:32:12

F07032

N.Vietnam military

North Vietnamese regime promotes military training

26/10/1967

00:01:00

North Vietnam - 26/10/1967

1. Various shots showing a peasant hamlet consisting of dwellings with straw roofs, women attending to domestic chores. (5 feet)

2. Various shots showing three Vietnamese male villagers aiming primitive crossbows at an effigy of an American soldier and firing arrows at it. (23 feet)

3. Various shots showing four women aiming old hunting rifles and firing at a toy US aircraft on top of a tall pole. (35 feet)

Various shots showing a martial arts instructor demonstrating to villagers a quick and easy method to disarm an attacker armed with a knife, pulling him onto the ground and killing him with his own weapon. (48 feet)

4. Various shots showing a young woman disarming the instructor, bringing him to the ground and ''stabbing'' him in the neck in quick, decisive movements. (53 feet)

5. A shot showing villagers gathered around to listen to the martial arts instructor. (57 feet)

STORYLINE:

North Vietnam - 26/10/1967. The North Vietnamese communist regime promotes basic military training for all of its adult population.

06:33:49

F07007

S.Vietnam Sampans

Sampan attack against Viet Cong on the Mekong river

04/01/1968

00:01:00

Mekong Delta, South Vietnam - 04/01/1968

1. Various shots filmed on board a South Vietnamese army motorised sampan on patrol on the Mekong River (?) with another sampan, the gunner on board the cameraman''s own vessel threading a belt of .50 calibre rounds into the breech of his Browning machine-gun fitted with a close-fitting armoured shield as protection.

2. Various shots of the Browning .50 calibre gunner in action, firing rounds in short bursts at targets on the jungle-covered river bank, bursts of machine-gun fire in the water near the other South Vietnamese army sampan, view of the targets, two low buildings set back from the river''s edge in the jungle. (60 seconds)

3. Various shots showing South Vietnamese soldiers wading ashore and, accompanied by a US military advisor with a portable radio on his back, advancing into the jungle, firing their weapons - a Browning automatic rifle and M-1 Garand rifles - into the undergrowth. (1 minute 21 seconds)

4. Various shots showing the soldiers dashing past one of the low buildings whose straw-roofed outhouse is burning furiously and searching the jungle undergrowth and uncovering a rifle and a bag of ammunition (?)

A shot of three South Vietnamese soldiers crossing a stream in the jungle. (I minute 43 seconds)

STORYLINE:

Mekong Delta, South Vietnam - 04/01/1968. Dramatic scenes showing South Vietnamese army sampans in action against a Viet Cong hide-out on the Mekong River.

06:35:43

F07004

China Mao

Mao meets with Viet Cong leaders

06/01/1968

00:01:00

Peking, China - 06/01/1968

1. Various interior shots showing Mao Zedong, wearing his usual semi-military ''Mao suit'', and other senior Chinese party and state officials greeting Vietnamese men and women from the National Liberation Front for Vietnam (the political wing of the Viet Cong)dressed in dark western suits for the occasion.

2. Various interior shots of Mao Zedong and several of his colleagues, notably Chinese foreign minister Zhou En Lai and defence minister Marshal Lin Biao, with bushy eyebrows, (allegedly killed in an air crash in 1969 while apparently trying to defect to the USSR) posing for a group photograph with the NLF delegation.

3. Various interior shots of the meeting breaking up after the photo-call and members of the Vietnamese delegation being individually bidden farewell by Mao.

STORYLINE:

Peking, China - 06/01/968. Chinese communist leader Mao Zedong meets a delegation from the National Liberation Front for Vietnam in Beijing.

06:37:22

F07101

N. Vietnam Training

Quang Binh: Women volunteers train

10/01/1968

00:01:54

Quang Binh, 10/01/1968

Various shots filmed just behind a beach showing a woman instructor

Demonstrating her prowess in unarmed combat by bringing down two women trainees who attack her with knives and flooring a male soldier by head-butting him in the back, watched by an admiring North Vietnamese soldier and a woman and her child.

Various shots showing young women on a tree-lined beach making improvised rafts of wood and leaves to float World War 2-vintage light machine-guns (a Czech-designed ZB vz/30 light machine-gun and its British derivative, the Bren gun) and ammunition, which they cover in waterproof material. (43 seconds) Various shots of young women and young men arranged in a semi-circle wearing modest tops and shorts doing simple physical exercises on the beach. (63 seconds) Various shots showing the local militia commander shouting a command and men and women carrying light machine-guns, old hunting rifles rifles and sub machine-guns on improvised floats and rafts dashing down the beach and into the water and swimming across a broad stretch of water, pushing their small rafts in front of them. (1 minute 44 seconds)

Various shots of the swimmers heading back to shore and two women lifting their Bren gun out of the water. (1 minute 54 seconds)

STORYLINE:

Villagers living in Quang Binh province, the region of North Vietnam closest to the border with South Vietnam, receive training in unarmed combat and in rudimentary guerrilla warfare techniques by North Vietnamese army instructors.

06:39:35

F07006

S.Vietnam Thanom

Thai PM arrives in Saigon for talks with Ky

12/01/1968

00:02:00

Saigon, South Vietnam - 12/01/1968

1. Various shots showing a Thai International Airways Caravelle jet with the Thai prime minister Kittikachon Thanom on board taxiing to a stop at Tan Son Nhut airport outside Saigon, a battery of 105mm howitzers firing a gun salute and the Thai premier, accompanied by the South Vietnamese premier, Nguyen Van Loc, inspecting a Guard of Honour from the Vietnamese Presidential Guard on the tarmac.

2. Various interior shots of Thanom sitting with South Vietnamese President Nguyen Van Thieu lighting up cigarettes and standing up and exchanging gifts.

3. Various interior shots of Thanom in conversation with Vice-President Nguyen Cao Ky.

STORYLINE:

Saigon, South Vietnam - 12/01/1968. With 10,000 Thai troops supporting the US-led war in Vietnam, Thai prime minister Kittikachon Thanom makes an official trip to South Vietnam as a show of solidarity with the Saigon regime.

06:41:41

F07005

S.Vietnam Thanom

Thai PM visits South Vietnam

12/01/1968

00:02:00

Saigon, South Vietnam - 12/01/1968

1. Various shots of soldiers from the 9th US Division "The Old Reliables"riding on M113 armoured personnel carriers on guard duty around the perimeter of "Bearcat" divisional camp at Long Thanh 20 miles south east of Saigon.

2. Various shots showing Thai soldiers from the Royal Thai (Queen''s Cobras) Volunteer Regiment and US troops on parade at "Bearcat" with their regimental colours and General William Westmoreland, commander Military Assistance Command Vietnam (MACV), his deputy, General Creighton Abrams, and a senior South Vietnamese army general waiting for the arrival of the Thai prime minister.

3. Various shots showing Thai premier Kittikachon Thanom (wearing army uniform) arriving in a jeep with South Vietnamese Vice-President Nguyen Cao Ky and standing to attention and saluting alongside Westmoreland and 9th Division''s commanding officer, Major-General Harris W Hollis, as the 9th Division''s band plays.

4. Various shots of Thanom inspecting soldiers from the Queen''s Cobra Regiment and watching Westmoreland decorating Thai soldiers for gallantry in combat, Thanom warmly congratulating them.

5. Various shots of US and Thai soldiers standing to attention.

STORYLINE:

Saigon, South Vietnam - 12/01/1968. The Thai prime minister Kittikachon Thanom visits the 2,500-strong Royal Thai Volunteer Regiment on combat service in Vietnam alongside the 9th US Division near Saigon.

06:44:04

F07008

S.Vietnam base

Troop activity at South Vietnamese border base

19/01/1968

00:01:00

South Vietnam - 19/01/1968

1. Various shots showing soldiers from the 1st US Division "The Big Red One" waiting to board helicopters for "Operation Bluefield" (1st - 9th June 1967) and Bell Huey helicopters arriving to collect the troops and taking off, fully-loaded.

2. Various shots showing two GIs, the nearest one holding a spade in one hand and an M-16 rifle in the other, and US soldiers in single file moving along a track.

3. A shot of US infantrymen deployed in extended order in a grassy field. (49 feet)

4. Various shots filmed in Di An showing the colour party of the 1st Squadron, 4th Cavalry Regiment on parade in front of General William Westmoreland, commander of the Military Assistance Command Vietnam (MACV).

5. Various shots of medals for gallantry on a tray for an awards ceremony for the

1/4th Regiment''s part in the fighting in Binh Long province and Westmoreland attaching a medal to the Regiment''s colours.

6. A shot of US soldiers of the 1/4th Regiment marching past the camera.

STORYLINE:

South Vietnam - 19/01/1968. Units of the 1st US Division ''The Big Red One'' take part in "Operation Bluefield" in June 1967. The US Army commander in Vietnam, General Westmoreland, decorates men of the division for bravery in combat in Binh Long province.

06:46:15

No F number

USA: New Hampshire: Nixon Candidate

3.2.1968

1:00

Interior shots of ex-Vice-President Richard Milhouse Nixon standing on a theatre stage, addressing the camera:

"I recognise that I must demonstrate, demonstrate to the American people, the Republican Party leaders, to the Republican Party voters at large throughout this country, to independents and those Democrats who will vote Republican in 1968 that I can win and that I can do the job. I am prepared to meet that challenge.

That''s why I have decided that I will test my ability to win and my ability to cope with the issues in the fires of the primaries and not just in the smoke-filled rooms of Miami.

Er, and I, I suppose this will sound like a statement of some conceit but, as you enter a campaign, you must go in with confidence and I have great confidence - not cockiness but confidence. I believe I''m going to win the New Hampshire primary. I believe that I will come out the winner - the decisive winner - of the primaries and go on to win the nomination. And if I do that, I will be the strongest candidate and I believe I''ll defeat Lyndon Johnson."

STORYLINE:

Defeated in the November 1960 presidential election and humiliated two years later when he lost the race to become Governor of California, Richard M Nixon marks his return from the political wilderness by announcing his decision to enter the New Hampshire primary as the first step in securing the Republican Party candidacy for the November 1968 presidential contest.

06:47:28

F07003

S.Vietnam awards

Ky decorates distinguished Vietnamese soldiers

10/03/1968

00:01:00

Saigon, South Vietnam - 10/03/1968.

1. Various shots taken in the centre of Saigon near the Soldier''s Memorial showing Vice President Nguyen Cao Ky, accompanied by senior South Vietnamese military commanders, saluting a colour party and representatives from regular army, Rangers and Special Forces units.

2. Various shots of Ky, surrounded by Vietnamese and US press photographers and a US TV news crew, fixing a new battle honour streamer to a regimental or divisional colours and decorating Vietnamese officers for their bravery during the fierce fighting in the city that broke out on 31st January, the Vietnamese New Year or ''Tet'' festival. (24 feet)

3. Various shots showing middle-class volunteers for South Vietnam''s army reserve militia (the Regional Forces/Provisional Forces) armed with M-1 carbines sitting down and climbing into the back of a truck.

4. Various shots showing the volunteers at an army firing range being given basic instructions in how to operate their M-1 carbines by South Vietnamese army instructors.

5. Various shots showing the trainees on a firing range firing their weapons at targets (placards of fierce-looking Communist soldiers) on and inspecting the results; one volunteer finds out that he has been aiming slightly too high, missing the bullseye.

STORYLINE:

Saigon, South Vietnam - 10/03/1968. Vice President Nguyen Cao Ky decorates South Vietnamese soldiers for gallantry during the Vietcong''s ''Tet'' offensive. Middle-class Vietnamese men receive military training from the South Vietnamese army.

06:49:17

F07009

S.Vietnam evacuation

Peasants flee Quang Tri during closing stages of the Tet Offensive

10/03/1968

00:02:00

Quang Tri, South Vietnam - 10/03/1968

1. Various shots showing two South Vietnamese officers in conversation in Vietnamese with a group of civilians in a field.

2. A shot showing a US Marine Corps officer (?) in conversation with the Vietnamese army officers:

Vietnamese Officer: "They want to come with their families and get some food".

US officer: "They want to go to district?"

Vietnamese officer: "Yes, sir."

US officer: "Oh, these are refugees. These are people who want to go? They hear you talk this morning? OK."

3. Various shots showing the US and Vietnamese officers in conversation and the Vietnamese refugees of all ages with audible radio chit-chat. (54 seconds)

4. Various dramatic shots showing US Marines (?) lying on the ground near the camera in prone firing positions as they come under fire from the enemy and Marines firing their M-16s into the vegetation surrounding a village dominated by the spire of a Gothic Roman Catholic church, the sounds of a fiercely-fought infantry skirmish audible throughout.

5. Various shots showing frightened refugees sheltering at the edge of a rice field with the Marines who are also seen closing in on the enemy-held village where several buildings are seen on fire. (1 min 58 seconds)

6. Various shots showing several Vietnamese civilians lying on the ground after being wounded in the cross-fire, their anxious, frightened relatives and US Marines standing over them and trying to give them first aid.

7. Shot of a US Marine radio operator using his radio, radio chit-chat audible. (2 minutes 12 seconds)

STORYLINE:

Quang Tri, South Vietnam - 10/03/1968. An APTN news crew records a dramatic episode during the closing stages of the communist ''Tet'' offensive when Vietnamese peasants fleeing the fighting in Quang Tri province get caught in a fire-fight between US Marines and Viet Cong guerrillas or North Vietnamese army troops.

06:51:41

F07102

Laos Communists

Laos Forces Hunt Communists

17.3. 1968

1:29

Various shots with natural sound on film showing US-trained and equipped

soldiers from the Royal Laotian Army advancing through a village and

through bush country, the sounds of a propeller-driven aircraft flying

overhead.

Various shots of a propellor-driven fighter-bomber (possibly a Douglas Skyraider) flying overhead as it delivers a rocket attack on suspected Pathet Lao positions.

Various shots showing the soldiers, armed with M-2 carbines, crossing a stream and entering an abandoned hamlet.

Various shots of small structures in a forest clearing designed as shelters

and a cookhouse and three captured US-made anti-personnel mines left behind

by the Pathet Lao fighters.

Various shots showing the unit''s radioman reading captured Pathet Lao

propaganda portraying US President Lyndon B Johnson as a bloodthirsty

murderer killing ordinary Laotian peasants and sending in US warplanes to

bomb defenceless villages.

A shot of the Royal Laotian Army soldiers resting in the abandoned village.

STORYLINE:

In a war fought almost entirely in the absence of western journalists and war correspondents, an UPITN cameraman makes a rare film record of CIA-trained Laotian troops in action against Pathet Lao communist guerrillas.

06:53:24

No F number

Vietnam Loc

PM Loc visits Hue

20/03/1968

1:01

Various shots of Premier Nguyen Van Loc, a dark-haired man wearing glasses and accompanied by South Vietnamese army soldiers, walking over to greet survivors of the fierce fighting in Hue during the ''Tet'' offensive.

Various shots showing him shaking hands and talking to the people.

Various shots of the local mayor and Premier Nguyen Van Loc making speeches and local people listening without showing any obvious enthusiasm.

Various shots showing the destruction to homes and to a school caused by the three weeks of fighting in Hue in February 1968.

STORYLINE:

South Vietnam''s prime minister, Nguyen Van Loc, a passing figure on the South Vietnamese political stage, visits the war-torn city of Hue to show concern on behalf of the Saigon regime for the plight of its inhabitants.

06:55:00

F07010

S.Vietnam plague

Authorities respond to plague epidemic in Saigon

31/03/1968

00:01:00

Saigon, South Vietnam - 31/03/1968

1. Various shots showing civilian buses at a busy bus stop (possibly in Vung Tau) by a main road full of military and civilian traffic.

2. Various shots showing a Vietnamese health worker using a machine to spray DDT (?) powder over the tyres of a bus and inside the main passenger door.

3. A shot showing the health worker spraying the inside of the bus.

4. Various shots showing a Vietnamese nurse administering anti-plague injections to a little boy and to other bus passengers.

5. Various shots of a nurse injecting people and people who have received the

injection receiving certificates proving they have been inoculated against the plague from another male health worker.

6. Various shots showing a woman receiving the certificate and heading off in the direction of a bus and Vietnamese civilians boarding a bus.

STORYLINE:

Saigon, South Vietnam - 31/03/1968. The South Vietnamese medical authorities introduce public health measures to combat an outbreak of pneumonic and bubonic plague.

06:56:19

F07002

N.Vietnam Plane

US air raids over North Vietnam suspended

02/04/1968

00:01:00

Haiphong, North Vietnam - 02/04/1968

1. A tracking shot along a street in Haiphong lined by badly damaged and gutted buildings and heaps of rubble where the destruction has been complete.

2. Various shots showing crude barriers blocking a street where an unexploded bomb has been uncovered and members of a North Vietnamese army bomb disposal team attaching a rope to an unexploded US 750-pound bomb near a water-filled bomb crater.

3. Various shots of the bomb disposal team trying to drag the bomb through the mud to a place where it can be safely disposed of.

4. Various shots showing Vietnamese men and women recovering the wing flap and main wing section from a shot-down US Navy jet (possibly a Vought A-7 Corsair fighter-bomber) from a river.

5. Various shots of a man wiping the mud off the wing section to and two young women posing with a US Navy flying helmet.

STORYLINE:

Haiphong, North Vietnam - 02/04/1968. Following President Lyndon B Johnson''s 31st March 1968 announcement of the suspension of US bombing missions over North Vietnam, a cameraman records the results of American air raids in Haiphong, North Vietnam''s second city and premier port.

06:57:59

F07001

N.Vietnam Minh

Ho Chi Minh attends reception in Hanoi

03/04/1968

00:01:00

Hanoi, North Vietnam - 03/04/1968

1. Various interior shots taken inside the Soviet embassy in Hanoi showing Ho Chi Minh in November 1966 attending a formal reception hosted by the Soviet amabassador, seen here in full diplomatic uniform, to honour the forty ninth anniversary of Lenin''s Bolshevik Revolution in October 1917. Also present are two Soviet cosmonauts.

2. Various shots showing Ho Chi Minh visiting a North Vietnamese army anti-aircraft battery in Hanoi meeting gunners manning a Soviet-designed and Chinese-built S-60/Type 59 57mm anti-aircraft cannon and handing out single cigarettes. Ho waves to the cameraman as he walks away from the gun site.

STORYLINE:

Hanoi, North Vietnam - 03/04/1968. Publicity shots of Ho Chi Minh, NorthVietnam''s frail-looking communist ruler, attending a reception in Hanoi in honour of the October 1917 Russian Revolution in 1966 and visiting one of the hundreds of anti-aircraft gun crews defending the North Vietnamese capital from US air attacks.

06:59:57

F04028

Sweden deserters

US deserters arrive in Stockholm from Moscow

29/12/1967

0:59

Stockholm, Sweden

Various shots showing a Scandinavian Airways Boeing-707 taxiing after landing at Arlanda airport outside Stockholm, a crowd of press photographers and radio TV reporters dashing across the tarmac to interview four US sailors who jumped ship in Japan and ended up in Moscow, passengers alighting from the Boeing-707 down a gangway , including the four men, Richard Baily (aged 19), John Barilla (aged 20), Michael Lindner (aged 19) and Craig Anderson (aged 20). A burly Swedish policeman (?) is the first to greet them as they disembark followed by the media who take pictures and interview each US deserter.

Various shots showing the four men posing for the cameras on the airport tarmac.

STORYLINE:

Four American sailors who deserted their ship, the USS Intrepid, while it was in Yokohama in October 1967 arrive in Sweden after travelling through the Soviet Union with the help of Japanese peace activists and the KGB.

07:01:22

F07000

USA Rusk

Rusk comments on Vietnam peace talks

19/04/1968

00:01:00

Washington, USA - 19/04/1968

1. Various Interior shots of Dean Rusk seated at a desk behind a microphone, addressing the

camera:

"Any of these fifteen suggested locations would, in our opinion, offer an atmosphere conducive to serious negotiations. It has been eighteen days since the President ordered our planes to restrict their bombardment of North Vietnam. It has been fifteen days since the the President acknowledged Hanoi''s response to his offer of talks. Our restraint was meant to inspire discussions about ending this war, not to provide an excuse for propaganda warfare while the battle rages on. It is time for a serious and responsive answer from Hanoi. The world is waiting and with growing concern for such an answer. The American people, in whose name this restraint and offer of talks were made by the President, have a right to expect such an answer - and promptly."

2. Various cutaways

STORYLINE:

Washington, USA - 19/04/1968. US Secretary of State Dean Rusk criticises Hanoi for not replying in detail to President Lyndon B Johnson''s offer of peace talks to end the war in Vietnam that he made on 31st March 1968.

07:02:30

End

Keyword-clipreel

English/Nat

United States officials said Wednesday that for the first time they are being given access to the Chinese personnel who handled American prisoners during the Korean War.

A U-S Defense Department team visiting Beijing says new information provided by China could help resolve the fate of some 8,200 Americans unaccounted for in the Korean War.

U.S. Investigators are interviewing Chinese veterans in hopes of tracing thousands of American soldiers listed as missing during the Korean War half a century ago.

Although China's military still refuses to release crucial files, the interviews and a breakthrough meeting with army officers marked are said to mark "substantial forward movement" on locating missing Americans.

SOUNDBITE: (English)

"Yesterday was a very historical event as I say that was the first time we were able to interview individuals who participated in the Korean War for the Chinese side. It was a

very cordial meeting, it was a very candid meeting, very open and free flowing. They discussed their role and participation in the POW camps. One individual indicated that he had managed lists of POWs and in the time that we had this laid the foundation for future exchanges and future discussions about those individuals and what they did during the war."

SUPER CAPTION: Robert L. Jones, U.S. Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Prisoner of War/Missing Personnel Affairs

While bitter opponents in Korea, the United States and China's communists were nominal allies in World War II, and the sides have cooperated extensively on locating downed American planes and their crews.

This World War Two U-S bomber crash site in the rugged mountains of southern Guangxi Province was discovered by a pair of farmers who tipped off local authorities and U.S. experts arrived on the scene in January 1997 to conduct a thorough investigation.

Jones said he was informed by China during his visit of the discovery of two crashed American planes in Tibet, although further details were not immediately known.

SOUNDBITE: (English)

"During this trip I have to say I was very pleased to receive information from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs that they have information relating to two crash sites in Tibet and they have provided some information which hopefully will ultimately lead to an excavation and a recovery of missing Americans from World War Two."

SUPER CAPTION: Robert L. Jones, U.S. Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Prisoner of War/Missing Personnel Affairs

Chinese forces aided North Korean troops being pushed back by their U.S. and South Korea opponents in October 1950, and continued fighting until the conflict ended in a 1953 ceasefire.

China administered prisoner of war camps during the conflict, making information held by the Chinese military critical to tracing the American missing.

Investigators on Tuesday interviewed four Chinese who helped run POW camps, including one who managed lists of prisoners.

Two of those interviewed were volunteer servicemen and two were with the Chinese Red Cross, Jones said at a news conference Wednesday.

Investigators are hoping to discover clues as to whether missing persons arrived alive at POW camps and where the dead are buried, Jones told reporters.

In all, 8,200 American servicemen are still listed as missing from the Korean conflict, about 2,300 of whom were reported captured.

Most who went missing after their capture were later reported dead by comrades, although their remains were never found, investigators said.

Jones says s that some American P-O-Ws were marched onto Chinese territory on the way to camps in North Korea, but none were held for any length of time in China.

Extensive investigations into reported live sightings of U.S. POWs in North Korea, China and Russia have not turned up any credible claims.

SOUNDBITE: (English)

"We have interviewed several hundred individuals concerning live sighting reports from North Korea. We have had over 21,000 live sighting reports from Southeast Asia. In the investigation of all of those reports none of them have proven to be factual. We have not found any significant evidence, documents or witnesses that have validated that live Americans are being held

against their will anywhere in the world."

SUPER CAPTION: Robert L. Jones, U.S. Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Prisoner of War/Missing Personnel Affairs

Jones said he was pushing for the "same level of cooperation on the Korean War cases as we enjoy on the Vietnam War and World War II.

He says that he believes "the Chinese government holds the key to information about our P-O-Ws held during the Korean War,"

Meetings Tuesday with PLA officials marked Jones' first contact with the Chinese military on the issue "and that begins that road to confidence and cooperation," he said.

Beijing, Guangxi, Dan dong, China 13 September 2000 and FILE

Beijing, 13 Sept 2000

1. Wide interior walk in shot of U.S. Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Prisoner of War/Missing Personnel Affairs Robert L. Jones

2. Medium of Jones and U.S. Information officer seated at table

3. Pan from assembled press to head table with Jones seated

4. SOUNDBITE: (English) Robert L. Jones, U.S. Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Prisoner of War/Missing Personnel Affairs .

5. Wide of presser

Guangxi, China FILE - January 1997

6. Tilt up from plane wreckage in Guangxi to Americans on site inspecting debris

7. Low shot of plane wreckage and people talking

8. Medium of American picking up wrist watch from debris

9. Medium of man examining piece of aircraft debris

Beijing ,13 Sept 2000

10. SOUNDBITE: (English) Robert L. Jones

Dan Dong, (Chinese border town with North Korea) FILE - June 2000

11. Medium interior of Dan Dong War Museum with woman speaking to visitors over megaphone, pan to black and white pictures displayed on wall

12. Close of black and white war photo

13. Medium pan of war uniforms and weapons on display

Beijing, 13 Sept 2000

14. SOUNDBITE: (English) Robert L. Jones

15. Wide of head table and pan to press in room